PDCA ring of project management
PDCA refers to the following four stages, which are interlocking and endless.
P plan
D. implementation
Check check
Action summary and re-optimization
PDCA is divided into the following eight steps.
Planning stage
1, current situation analysis
2. Find out the cause of the problem
3. Analyze the cause of the problem.
4. Find out the main reasons.
5, formulate measures plan
implementation phase
6, the implementation of technical organization measures plan
Inspection stage
7. Compare the implementation result with the predetermined target.
Summary and re-optimization stage
8. Consolidate achievements and standardize.
PDCA cycle was put forward by American statistician Dr. Deming, which reflects the law of quality management activities. P (plan) means plan; D(Do) means execution; C (check) means check; An (action) means handling. PDCA cycle is an important method to improve product quality and enterprise management, and it is also the basic way to run the quality assurance system.
The characteristics of PDCA cycle PDCA shows four stages of quality management activities, and each stage is divided into several steps.
In the planning stage, it is necessary to understand the user's requirements for product quality through market research and user visits, and determine the quality policy, quality objectives and quality plan. It includes four steps: current situation investigation, cause analysis, determination of main causes and formulation of plans.
In the implementation stage, the contents specified in the previous stage should be implemented, such as product design, trial production and testing according to quality standards, including personnel training before the implementation of the plan. It has only one step: carrying out the plan.
In the inspection stage, mainly during or after the implementation of the plan, check the implementation to see if the expected effect of the plan is achieved. There is only one step in this stage: effect check.
In the processing stage, corresponding measures are mainly taken according to the inspection results. Consolidate the achievements, incorporate successful experiences into the standards as far as possible, standardize them, and transfer the remaining problems to the next PDCA cycle to solve. It includes two steps: consolidation measures and the next step plan.
Four stages and steps of PDCA cycle.
1.PDCA cycle must be carried out in sequence. It is driven by the strength of the organization, rolling forward like a wheel and circulating repeatedly.
2. Every department, workshop, section and team of the enterprise has PDCA cycle, which solves problems layer by layer, and the big ring covers the small ring, and the environmental protection small ring promotes the big cycle.
Here, the relationship between big ring and small ring is mainly connected by quality plan indicators. The next management cycle is the foundation of the next management cycle, and the next management cycle is the component and concrete guarantee of the next management cycle. Through the continuous rotation of each small cycle, the next cycle, or even the whole enterprise cycle, will be promoted. Through the circulation of all aspects, the work of the enterprise is organically organized and brought into the enterprise quality assurance system to achieve the overall predetermined quality objectives. Therefore, the rotation of PDCA cycle is not the strength of any individual, but the strength of organization and collective, which is the result of the promotion of all employees in the whole enterprise.
3. After every PDCA cycle, we should sum up and put forward new goals, and then carry out the second PDCA cycle to make the wheels of quality management roll forward. Every time PDCA is circulated, the quality level and management level will be improved by one step.