The instructional design of the art activity Sunset in the middle class 1 the goal of teaching and learning.
1. Read some details of 1945 Japanese signing and surrender ceremony from the perspective of a Japanese citizen;
2. Interpret the significance of Japan's surrender with the mind of a citizen of the world.
Teaching time estimation
One class (40 minutes)
Teaching process presupposition
I. Organizing teaching
Let's look at a national flag (multimedia demonstration) first. Yes! This is a flying Japanese flag. The document with yellow paper next to it is the surrender letter signed after the defeat of 1945. The word "sunset" in the middle is the title of a special report sent back by a China reporter who witnessed it. Unfortunately, more than 60 years have passed, and this country has not perished, but it is in full swing. Please allow me to ask you to turn to page 78 with a more solemn attitude than before. Let's revisit this history more than 60 years ago.
Second, the introduction of background knowledge
1, the complex relationship between Japan and the sun and China. In addition to the multimedia presentation, the teacher added:
(1) The relationship between Japan and China: Xu Fu Du Dong in Qin Dynasty, Jian Zhen Du Dong in Tang Dynasty (Japanese ambassador to Tang Dynasty);
(2) Japan's invasion of China: Japanese pirates harassed the southeast coast and jointly invaded China with western powers from 65438 to 0874.
2. The heinous crimes committed by the Japanese against the people of China in the Second World War.
Multimedia program
3. Know several historical figures who attended the signing ceremony.
Multimedia program
Third, text research.
1. According to the author Zhu Qiping's experience, guide students to read some details of 1945 Japanese signing ceremony from the perspective of a China citizen.
(1) Filter the sentences or paragraphs that can reflect "China people's position" and "China people's feelings" in the text.
Please scan the full text quickly and circle the relevant sentences or paragraphs.
The default answer is:
Page 78: This signature has washed away the 70-year shame of the Chinese nation. ……
Page 80: The first one is China representing General Xu Yongchang. He wears a clean serge uniform and has two rows of medals on his left chest. After raising his hand to greet the American officer present, he went up the stairs and walked to the upper deck.
Shigemitsu has only one leg ... Mizu Islands. ...
Page 82: I was suddenly shocked, "September 18th"! ..... Skynet has a long history, and it is easy to be sparse without leaking!
Page 83: The old shame has disappeared, and China should be reborn.
(2) Introduce the specific details of the research text.
Lead: The sentence or paragraph you just selected can really reflect the author's "China people's standpoint" and "China people's feelings", but not all of them? The tendency of news reports is that the more hidden the better. You need to make further investigation to find out Mr. Zhu's "China people's standpoint" and "China people's feelings".
The following description is taken from a communication written by American journalist Homer Bigert and this article in the same period. After reading it, please find the corresponding details in the article and talk about the difference between them.
Hirohito, the representative of Shigemitsu Mamoru's Foreign Minister, first signed on behalf of Japan. He took off his hat, picked up a pen, and then signed his name on a surrender book about 12× 18. He carefully signed the American text first, and then signed the copy kept in Japan. Then he signed General Umezu Yoshijiro, the stronghold of the Japanese Empire. He sat down heavily and signed his name in a hurry, as if in a hurry. When the general signed it, a Japanese colonel was wiping his tears. Japanese people frown and look tired. When Mizuho signed it, Shigemitsu Mamoru watched anxiously.
Description in the text:
Shigemitsu Mamoru struggled to the signature table, leaned against the chair and the staff chair, read the surrender book for about a minute except gloves, then took out a fountain pen from his pocket and signed two surrender books respectively. Umezu Yoshijiro signed it immediately. He didn't sit down when signing, except that he stood with gloves on his right hand and bent over to sign. It was 9 o'clock at 10, and there was a brisk laugh from the upper deck of the warship. It turned out to be several young sailors, one of whom stretched out his arm and lit the coal below, talking and laughing. However, in the solemn atmosphere of the whole ship, they soon became silent.
Ask male students to read Bigert's words and female students to read Zhu Qiping's words. Think and answer.
The default answer is:
Zhu Wen focused on depicting the ugliness of the signer. Writing Shigemitsu Mamoru is mainly a positive description; Write Mejin, with the laughter of the water hand as a side foil;
There are some subjective comments in Bigert's description, such as "caution", "carelessness" and "impatience", which lack objectivity in the press release. It is against the historical facts to say that Mizu is sitting on the sign.
Reading extension: Ask students to find out the details of another foreign reporter who may not pay special attention to it, but is the author of China People.
Default answer:
The Japanese surrender book is very dirty. The author commented: "The hapless Japanese are not even clean about a surrender book."
2. Beyond the author Zhu Qiping's experience, guide students to interpret the meaning of Japanese surrender with the mentality of a world citizen.
(1) Ask a question: If you are Japanese, how do you interpret the details that the surrender book is dirty? At the end, Mr. Zhu wrote: "The old shame has disappeared, and China should be reborn." For Japan, has this day added a "new shame"? At that time, an Associated Press reporter recorded a scene that Zhu Qiping didn't see because of his standing angle: Shigemitsu Mamoru sat down at the signature table and tried to lean his crutch against the armrest of the chair, but it didn't. The rattan fell on the deck. When he bent down to pick up the crutch and raised his head, the reporter noticed that there was a fierce and completely unyielding look in his eyes. It's time for resentment and resentment! Hating each other is definitely not the meaning of this signing ceremony. Homer Bigert seems to be a little hasty in describing the details, but on this issue, he obviously thinks more deeply than Zhu Qiping. At the end of his communication, General MacArthur was quoted to explain the significance of Japan's surrender: "I sincerely hope that from this solemn occasion, a better world will be born from the bloodshed and slaughter of the past."
(2) MacArthur's summary, the representative of China at that time, General Xu Yongchang, also had a similar expression (look back at multimedia). Please sum up the significance of Japan's signing and surrender ceremony in one or two sentences according to the words of these two generals and with such a mentality. The blank part written at the back of the text.
The default communication text includes:
Let us always remember the crime of militarism, and look forward to every kind-hearted China compatriot and friends all over the world, including those who used to be our enemy and still have good intentions, to jointly build a truly smoke-free and forever peaceful new world.
Fourth, summary.
Multimedia display of the Japanese flag, and then read MacArthur and Xu Yongchang's signature speech.
After class, let the students read one or two books about the historical facts of World War II.
Teaching Design of Sunset, an Art Activity of Class Two in Middle School [Teaching Objective]
First, understand the relevant knowledge of news sidelights.
Second, understand the content of the article, understand the author's methods of selecting materials and describing details, and feel the national pride revealed in plain language.
[Teaching Focus]
Understand the content of the article, grasp the main points of the article, and experience the methods of selecting and assembling materials by the author.
[Teaching difficulties]
Experience the delicacy of detail description and the national pride revealed in plain language.
[Teaching Steps]
First, import
On the special day of the 56th anniversary of Japanese surrender, Li Qingyun, an 80-year-old man, wrote such a letter to the editor-in-chief of Beijing Youth Daily, requesting to reprint Sunset written by Zhu Qiping, a newsletter of Ta Kung Pao, on August 15. Now Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi is desperately trying to sacrifice ghosts and gods, and right-wingers are tampering with the history of Japanese aggression. At this moment, the re-release of the newsletter recording the scene of Japan's signing and surrender in that year can arouse the people and refute the lies of the aggressors with historical facts.
Second, the author introduces.
Zhu Qiping is an excellent student in yenching university. Now he actively participated in "1February 9". In the Pacific War, he became an active army reporter. Zhu Qiping was one of three journalists from China at the signing ceremony of Japanese surrender to the United Nations on the USS Missouri on August 9th. The long newsletter "Sunset" sent back was read for a while, and was later included in the university news textbook. Later, he served as a special correspondent in the United States and a correspondent in the United Nations, and his communication was well-known at home and abroad. 1957 was wrongly classified as a rightist. Nominated by Mr. Liao Chengzhi, Zhu Qiping was transferred to the Foreign Languages Institute of the People's Liberation Army to teach foreign languages.
Third, the style introduction
News brief, also called close-up. It is mainly to intercept the most characteristic cross section of an event, a person or a scene, describe it horizontally and carve it carefully, and show the selected cross section in detail and vividly through one or several vivid and touching shots, so that readers can fully see every detail, make them feel as if they were there, hear their voices and see their affairs, and persuade, educate and see them with vivid images. Close-up is also a structural form of writing, with the help of this structural form to write characters, called close-up of characters.
To write a special report, we need to pay attention to two points:
(1) It is necessary to report new people and new things seen and heard at the scene. This "scene" was "captured" by the reporter in the interview, and it is often a fleeting and wonderful "shot" with characteristics and special significance.
(2) The selection of materials should be concentrated and highlight the climax. We should be good at grasping the key points, highlighting the key points and highlighting the most exciting and distinctive parts. The key material of a close-up story is often the key to the development of things, or the climax of the plot. The material of a close-up story requires a high concentration, generally writing a wonderful fragment, a wonderful scene or a wonderful performance and action.
Fourth, solve the problem.
What's the significance of this article titled Sunset?
It's symbolic here. Today, the once arrogant Japanese invaders finally bowed their heads and signed the surrender in front of the people of the world, just like the sunset in the western hills; When the Japanese invaders invaded other countries, their national flag said that they were "Rising Sun", which made people unhappy. Today, its "fall" not only delights people's hearts, but also reveals the author's irony.
Content analysis of verb (verb abbreviation)
1 How to divide the structure of this article?
According to the signature process, it can be divided into three parts:
The first part: the beginning-"on behalf of arrival", the environment and scene layout of writing "signature", as well as the appearance, words and deeds of the characters.
The second part: "the beginning of the ceremony", the process of signing the contract.
The third part: Dirty Surrender Book, the aftermath after signing.
2 Which part is the key? What is the connection?
The emphasis is on the second part. The first part paves the way for it, which is gradual, and the third part is its continuation, which gives people a calm and memorable feeling.
What is the function of using subheadings in this article?
The author seems to be using vivid and touching shots to show the process of signing the contract, so that the whole article has a clear context, and all the fragments are organically connected and self-contained.
Is the origin of the American flag and the "White Horse Story" redundant?
The selection of materials should focus on the center. The origin of the American flag seems to have nothing to do with the appearance of the "white horse story", but in fact it describes the joy and pride, bravery and majesty of the victors after Japan surrendered, which corresponds to the "sunset" and is inseparable.
Apart from chronological order, what order is used in the text? What's the role?
Interpolation such as Lost a Leg and September 18th. Enrich the content, connect with history and touch people's hearts.
Sixth, explore and interpret:
1. Find out the details (environment and people) in the text and appreciate its beauty.
Clear:
(1) environment
The third paragraph at the beginning of (1): "The gray hull is newly painted, and the 16-inch cannon is pointing obliquely at the sky. Cloudy, covered with gray clouds, the sea breeze blows gently. Ships at sea are like forests, flying the American flag. The deck was crowded with people, all looking at the Missouri. The boat galloped like a galloping horse, the white waves behind it were like training, and the motorcycle roared like a beast. Almost all ships carried officers and men from all over the world to the Missouri for the ceremony. The land can't see clearly, lying in the distant early fog. " The ship is dressed in new clothes, the national flag is flying, and motorcycles are singing and dancing, creating a happy and festive atmosphere and setting off the joy of the winners.
(2) About the band:
Tale of the White Horse: "The band keeps playing and the generals keep coming".
Delegates arrived: "At 8: 30, the music was loud, and an officer announced that the signing delegation of the United Nations had arrived", "At 8: 50, the music resounded through the sky again, and the Allied Supreme Commander General MacArthur arrived", "Soon, an American officer took the lead, followed by the Japanese, and the band was silent". Cheerful music is only played for the victors, and only silence belongs to the aggressors, and this silence is also a silent protest and indifference to the aggressors.
(3) About "9: 18": "According to the table, it is 9: 18. I was immediately shocked,' 918'! 193 1 September 18, 2008, the Japanese invaders created the Shenyang incident and immediately invaded the northeast. 1933, we were forced to open to traffic with the puppet Manchukuo, and the train from Shanhaiguan to Beiping arrived at exactly 9: 00 18. " It may be a coincidence or an intentional arrangement here, but the author skillfully grasped this point to use the topic and recall history, which really touched people's hearts.
(4) The representative arrived: "The whole ship was silent, except for the slight hunting sound of the flag hanging high by the sea breeze." Use static contrast to set off a solemn atmosphere.
(5) "The Japanese delegation disembarked from the ship along the route and left by boat. Before they left the ship, eleven super forts lined up neatly and flew over the Missouri, followed by several super forts. In the thunder, when I was counting planes, I saw the shadows behind me, all of which were planes taking off from the mother ship, one after another, dense. I didn't know how many planes were in the air and then flew to Tokyo. " In sharp contrast, on the one hand, the fleeing enemy, on the other hand, the heroic spirit of the winner.
(2) people
(1) expression:
There are many "jokes" in the text:
"Smiling sailors, officers greet each other", "At this moment, he is happily standing at the entrance and exit, shaking hands with the senior generals who boarded the ship", "all of them are senior American generals, all smiling and laughing", "For a time, American English with slightly different pronunciation and intonation, as well as French, Dutch and Russian, have ups and downs in communication and endless laughter". Laughter is the inner joy, the pride of the winner, and the contempt and ridicule for the invaders.
(2) Appearance:
"The first is China, representing General Xu Yongchang. He is wearing a clean serge uniform and has two rows of medals on his left chest. " "I saw the representative of China wearing a dark grayish yellow uniform; British representatives wear white short-sleeved uniforms, shorts and stockings; The army representing the Soviet Union wore a light green-brown uniform with long red stripes on its trouser legs, while the navy wore a navy uniform. The French representative was originally wearing a raincoat and crutches, but at this time he also took off his clothes and crutches, revealing a pale yellow khaki uniform; There is also a red border around the Australian representative's military cap ... ""Shigemitsu Mamoru, the foreign minister of the Japanese delegation, is in front, with a cane on his arm and a real leg and a prosthetic leg. He walks with a limp, and someone helps him when climbing the ladder. " The winner came dressed up, which shows the importance attached to this moment; When the invaders are destroyed, the perpetrators are also harming themselves.
(3) Action
"MacArthur read to the end, swaggering said to the Japanese delegation", "Shigemitsu Mamoru struggled forward, approached the signing table, leaned into the chair except for the hat on the table", "he didn't sit down when signing, but he bent over to sign". It is a great irony that the invaders who used to be arrogant now have no place in front of the victors.
2, communication, feature, generally do not appear as a reporter "I", but this article appeared "I", constantly writing "I" feelings, and even comments. Will this writing affect the objectivity and fairness of news reports?
Clear:
Presence and realism are particularly important in news sidelights. "I" appeared in the text and became the witness and witness of the whole event. In this way, the integration of what was seen, heard, felt and reported at that time not only affected the objectivity and fairness of news reports, but also enhanced the authenticity.
Seven. homework
Based on the information about the damage caused to the people of China by the Japanese war of aggression in World War II, write a small comment about Japanese leaders' visits to shrines.
Instructional Design of the Art Activity Sunset in Junior High School 3 i. teaching material analysis
Sunset is clear-headed, with subtitles summarizing the contents of each part. With a little guidance, students can master it, and the key point is to help students enter specific situations. To solve this problem, on the one hand, we should understand the history, the humiliation of China being bullied by Japanese imperialism since the Sino-Japanese War, the great sacrifices made by the whole nation in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and the hard struggle of the anti-fascist allies in the Pacific War. On the one hand, we should deeply understand the text and the author's feelings. The author is saturated with feelings in scene description, detail reproduction and tidbits interspersed.
Second, the teaching objectives
1. Knowledge objective:
Understand the time, place, manner and significance of Japanese surrender ceremony.
2. Ability objectives:
Grasp the author's inner feelings in reading.
Understand the writing characteristics of communication.
3. Emotion, attitude and values goals:
Cultivate students' patriotic enthusiasm and establish a correct view of history
Third, the focus and difficulties in teaching
Focus: Learn the details of this article and appreciate its beauty. .
Difficulties: organically combine reading text with state responsibility.
Fourthly, the analysis of learning situation.
Our students belong to parallel classes, there is no experimental class, students have limited knowledge and are unfamiliar with the genre of communication, so let students make full preparations before class. Teachers should give guidance in class.
Teaching methods of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
1. Learning plan guidance: See the following learning plan.
2. The basic links of the new teaching: preview inspection, summing up doubts → situation introduction, showing objectives → cooperative inquiry, intensive reading teaching → reflection and summary, in-class inspection → issuing guidance plans and arranging preview.
Sixth, preparation before class
Preview the text and get familiar with the content.
Second, the network collects information to understand the author's relevant knowledge and article background. Understand the types of communication.
Seven, schedule:
1 class hour
Eight, the teaching process
(A) preview the inspection, summing up the doubts
Check and implement students' preview, understand students' doubts, and make teaching targeted.
(2) Scene introduction and display objectives.
The teacher introduced: For the survival and rejuvenation of the nation, the Chinese nation, which suffered from severe disasters, waged an indomitable life-and-death struggle with the brutal Japanese invaders for eight years, and wrote a series of tragic songs that made the gods cry. Japan finally surrendered with the help of international justice forces. Let's follow the real brushwork of war correspondent Zhu Qiping and feel the exciting surrender ceremony.
Let's look at the learning objectives of this lesson. Indicate the learning objectives and emphasize the important and difficult points. Understand the background of the author and the article, and clarify the structure of the article. Students have been arranged to preview this part before class to check the students' preview.
Design intention: lead in step by step, attract students' attention, and define learning objectives.
(3) Cooperative inquiry and intensive teaching.
Question 1: summarize the news in one sentence.
Students think and answer: What news events are reported in the newsletter Sunset? (Summarized in one sentence)
Design intention: Guide students to summarize the news in one sentence.
Inquiry 2: the meaning of the topic
Students think: judging from the time clues of the text, the signing and surrender ceremony in Japan was obviously in the morning. Why is the topic "Sunset"? Is the article irrelevant? Does it have a unique meaning?
Design intention: the topic is meaningful, and guide students to understand the pun meaning of the topic carefully.
Inquiry 3: Understand the content of the article.
In what order are the communications arranged? What is the focus of each material?
Design intention: to define the content of the article and the order of organizing materials.
Inquiry 4: The authenticity and vividness of communication are mainly reflected by detailed description.
Activity experience: the class is divided into five groups, each group studies a part and finds out the most impressive details in the part.
Implementation process:
(1) Team members * * * read the articles of the same product, discuss them, and the teachers randomly participate and guide them.
(2) Each group forms a written evaluation, and the group representatives speak.
(3) Teachers comment immediately.