Including safety production, legal knowledge of safety production, basic management system of safety production, emergency rescue of accidents, occupational hazards and occupational diseases, safety technical knowledge, accident investigation and handling, etc.
1. China's safety production policy is
"Safety first, prevention first, comprehensive management" policy, implement the responsibility system for production safety.
2. Safety production responsibility system
It is a system in which leaders at all levels, functional departments, engineers and technicians and post operators are responsible for safety in production at all levels in the process of labor production.
3. Safe production
Safety in production refers to the personal safety, equipment safety, product safety and transportation safety of production and business units in the process of labor production.
4. According to its nature, accidents can be divided into four types: extra-large, major, major and general.
5. Why do enterprises adhere to the policy of "safety must be managed in production"?
Managing production while managing safety is one of the basic principles of socialism. Our enterprise is a socialist enterprise, and the workers are the owners of the enterprise. One of the sacred duties of our socialist countries and enterprises is to protect the safety and health of workers, protect the safety of state property and people, and make every effort to avoid all avoidable casualties in productive labor and other activities.
Secondly, the optimization goal of an enterprise is the unity of high yield, low consumption, high quality and safety, and it is impossible to achieve the optimization goal by ignoring safety and unilaterally pursuing output and output value.
The occurrence of heavy casualties will not only bring bad influence to enterprises, but also bring irreparable losses to the environment, society and even the international community.
6. Under what circumstances, in addition to the direct responsibility, the leadership responsibility should be investigated.
(1) leadership, safety responsibility system is not implemented, resulting in safety work unattended.
(2) It is not conducive to the implementation of safety requirements and anti-accident measures put forward by superiors and this unit;
(3) Frequent major accidents cannot be effectively stopped;
(4) The safety assessment of employees is not strict, which leads to the inability to operate and the ignorance of safety regulations;
(5) The on-site rules and regulations are not perfect;
(6) The site safety protection device is not perfect;
(7) Major equipment defects are not eliminated in time;
(eight) illegal command, forcing workers to take risks.
7. Three-level safety education
Enterprises must carry out factory-level education, workshop-level education and team-level safety education for new workers;
Workers who change jobs and adopt new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials must carry out safety and health education in new posts and new processes, and the educated can only operate at their posts after passing the examination.
8. Enterprises shall conduct fire safety education for cadres and workers.
To sum up, there are two main aspects: one is ideological understanding, and the other is knowledge and skills of fire prevention and extinguishing.
9. Basic principles of accident prevention
Answer: (1) Accidents can be prevented; (2) nip in the bud; (3) Eliminate the possible causes of accidents; (4) the principle of comprehensive management.
10. Illegal operation
In production and construction, any work that violates the relevant safety laws, regulations, rules, instructions, regulations, methods and relevant documents formulated by the state, the Ministry or the competent superior, as well as the on-site rules, management systems, regulations, methods and instructions formulated by the unit, is called illegal operation.
1 1. Check the power.
Answer: The test pen can clearly verify whether the power-off equipment has no voltage, and prevent the occurrence of malignant accidents such as live grounding or live grounding knife switches.
12. branches touch live wires. why should people be forbidden to approach them?
When branches touch bare wires, branches and trees will be charged, endangering personal safety, so people should be prevented from approaching. When the insulated conductor touches the branches, the branches will wear the insulation layer of the conductor, and the branches will directly contact the metal parts of the conductor, making the branches and trees charged.
13. Protective grounding
Connecting the shell, frame and bracket of electrical equipment that is not charged under normal circumstances but may be charged under fault conditions with the earth is called protective grounding. Its function is to make a good metal connection between the uncharged metal part of electrical equipment and the grounding body, reduce the voltage of the contact to the ground, and avoid the danger of electric shock to human body.
14. Why can't rubber products such as insulating boots and gloves come into contact with petroleum grease?
Rubber products such as insulating boots, gloves and pads are prone to chemical reactions when they contact with petroleum grease, which corrode and reduce the insulation of insulating materials, leading to premature aging and failure.
15. technical measures to ensure safety when working on electrical equipment
(1) power failure; (2) check the power; (3) Installation of grounding wire; (4) hanging signs; (5) Providing shelter
16. Causes of death caused by current passing through human body
Because the current passes through the human body, it hurts the nerve center of the brain, which manages the heart and respiratory function, so that the normal work of the heart is destroyed and breathing stops, resulting in death.
17. How to get an electric shock person out of the power supply quickly?
(1) cut off the power supply.
(2) If it is difficult to cut off the power supply, use a dry wooden stick, bamboo pole or other insulation to connect the power supply, or use wire cutters with insulation to cut the wire, so that the electric shock person can be separated from the power supply.
(3) If someone gets an electric shock in a higher place, turn on the power switch quickly and take protective measures at the same time to prevent the person who gets an electric shock from falling from a height after cutting off the power supply.
18. how is the high and low voltage of electrical equipment divided? Is 380 volts a high voltage? Why?
High voltage: the voltage of the equipment to the ground is above 250V; Low voltage: the voltage of the equipment to the ground is below 250V; 380 volts is a high voltage because the voltage to ground exceeds 250 volts.
19. What is the function of the leakage protector? What is the scope of application?
Answer: The main function of leakage protector is to provide indirect contact protection for people who are in mortal danger of electric shock. Its application range is 50HZ AC, rated voltage is 380V and rated current is 250A A. ..
20. In order to prevent burns in electric and gas welding operations, what are the requirements for wearing jackets, trouser legs and gloves when using protective equipment correctly?
Answer: tops are not allowed to be stuck in pants, trouser legs are not allowed to be stuffed in boots, and gloves should be placed outside cuffs.
2 1. What are the requirements for setting up temporary lines?
Answer: When temporary lines are erected, they must be approved by the security department, and they should be removed immediately after the specified service life is exceeded.
The length of the temporary line shall not exceed10m, and the height from the ground shall not be less than 2.5m.. Safety measures such as protective grounding or protective grounding should be taken for related equipment. The length of temporary overhead lines shall not exceed 500 meters, the height from the ground shall not be less than 4-5 meters, and the distance from buildings, Woods or other conductors shall generally not be less than 2 meters.
22. What is the content of "ten don't lift" for lifting equipment?
Answer: (1) Inclined crane does not hoist;
(2) Overloading does not lift;
(3) The bulk cargo is too full or loosely bound;
(4) Don't hang up if the command signal is unknown;
(5) If the edge of the hoisted object is sharp, it shall not be hoisted without protective measures;
(6) People should not hang on the hanger;
(7) The built-in parts are not hoisted;
(8) the safety device fails to hang;
(9) If the light is dim, it is not clear that the object has not been hoisted;
(10) Strong winds above level 6 are not suspended.
23. What is unsafe behavior? Name several unsafe behaviors.
Answer: Unsafe behavior refers to human error that may lead to accidents. Such as operating mistakes, ignoring safety, ignoring warnings, using equipment without safety devices, operating with hands instead of tools, not wearing safety helmets, etc.
24. What are the main causes of mechanical injuries?
Answer: (1) The tools, fixtures and cutters are not firm and reliable, causing objects to fly out;
(2) The equipment is defective, such as protective cover and protective baffle. Defective or arbitrarily removed;
(3) The job site is messy and the road is not smooth;
(4) metal cutting splash;
(5) illegal operation, etc.
25. Which parts of mechanical equipment should be equipped with protective devices and safety devices?
Answer: Protective devices should be installed in dangerous parts of mechanical equipment, such as transmission belts, open gears, coupling joints close to the ground, pulleys, rotating shafts, flywheels, grinding wheels, chain saws, etc.
The rotating parts of pressure machinery such as presses, rollers, calenders, planers and shears should have safety devices.
26. What should the welder pay attention to when welding?
Answer: (1) Prevent metal splash from causing burns and fires;
(2) to prevent the harm of arc radiation to human body;
(3) to prevent some harmful gas poisoning;
(4) When welding pressure vessels, prevent welding explosion;
(5) Wear a safety belt and safety helmet when working high above the ground;
(6) Pay attention to avoid electric shock accidents.
27. What are occupational hazards? What are the occupational hazards?
A: The factors that may endanger human health in the production process and production environment are called occupational hazards.
Occupational hazards can be divided into three categories: first, chemical factors, including productive poisons and dust; Second, physical factors, including unfavorable meteorological conditions, abnormal air pressure, non-ionizing radiation, ionizing radiation, noise and vibration; Third, biological factors, mainly microorganisms and parasites, are harmful to human body.
28. What are the hazards of dust to human body?
Answer: (1) Local action, that is, local stimulation to skin, cornea, mucosa, etc. And a series of pathological changes;
(2) Poisoning, that is, inhaling toxic dust, can be dissolved in the bronchial and alveolar walls and absorbed, causing poisoning;
(3) Occupational respiratory diseases, including pneumoconiosis, pneumoconiosis and respiratory tumors.
29. How many meters above the datum level is the climbing operation?
Answer: The climbing operation is more than 2 meters above the datum.
30. What should be the basis for formulating fire prevention measures?
Answer: (1) prevent personal injury or death;
(2) ensure the safety of property;
(3) ensure the smooth progress of production;
(4) Prevent fire symptoms.
3 1. What is the safety production goal of the enterprise?
Answer: No death, no serious injury, no major fire, no major equipment accident and no major traffic accident will be realized.
32. What necessary fire-fighting equipment should be equipped in the production workshop and warehouse?
Answer: Fire hydrants, hoses, fire extinguishers, sand boxes, asbestos and other fire fighting tools are readily available.
33. Any unit or individual has the responsibility to maintain fire control facilities, which three items are not allowed?
A: It is forbidden to damage and misappropriate fire fighting equipment and equipment without authorization; Burying pressure and occupying fire water sources are not allowed; Do not occupy the fire spacing or block the fire escape.
34. What are the stages of a fire?
A: There are three stages: initial growth stage, full development stage and decay stage.
35. What is the main cause of power line fire?
Answer: Short circuit, circuit overload, large contact resistance in the circuit and inappropriate safety device.
Occupational hazards can be divided into three categories: first, chemical factors, including productive poisons and dust; Second, physical factors, including unfavorable meteorological conditions, abnormal air pressure, non-ionizing radiation, ionizing radiation, noise and vibration; Third, biological factors, mainly microorganisms and parasites, are harmful to human body.
"Safety production management knowledge" is a subject of the qualification examination for safety engineers. Total score of this course 100. The test questions are: 70 multiple-choice questions, each with 1, multiple-choice questions 15, each with 2. The passing score is 60, and individual passing scores fluctuate. Detailed qualified scores shall be subject to the policy documents issued by the local personnel examination center.
This paper mainly introduces the basic principles, main methods and main contents of safety production management.
The book is divided into eight chapters, including: basic theory of safety production management, safety production management of production and business units, safety supervision, safety evaluation, prevention and management of occupational hazards, emergency management, investigation and analysis of safety accidents, and statistical analysis of safety production.
References:
Knowledge of safety production management-Baidu Encyclopedia