First, the definition of traditional culture in China
Broadly speaking, China's traditional culture is a kind of national culture that reflects national characteristics and features, and it is the overall expression of various ideological cultures and ideologies in national history. It refers to the culture with distinctive national characteristics, a long history, profound connotations and excellent traditions created by the Chinese nation and its ancestors living in China. It is the crystallization of thousands of years of civilization in China. In addition to the core content of Confucian culture, it also includes other cultural forms, such as Taoist culture and Buddhist culture. In a narrow sense, that is, for primary and secondary school students, China traditional culture mainly refers to the literary classics with Confucian culture as the core.
For primary and secondary school students, the following nine classic books can be said to be the quintessence of Chinese studies that primary and secondary schools must read:
Disciples' Rules can be used as an enlightening reading to cultivate loyal family style and guide students' filial piety behavior norms. Saint Amethyst can serve as a miniature mirror for China's general history and learning from the past. A thousand words can be used as a pocket encyclopedia of knowledge and a primary reading material to live in the world; The Analects of Confucius can be regarded as a masterpiece of noble moral cultivation and wisdom improvement; University can be regarded as an introductory classic of moral cultivation and philosophy of life; Mencius can appreciate Mencius' noble life realm and unique personality charm; The "golden mean" can help us understand the method of keeping pace with the times and the soul of sustainable development. Tao Te Ching can appreciate its simple, natural, open-minded and elegant world outlook, outlook on life and methodology. Zhuangzi is profound, optimistic and open-minded, and Wang Yang's philosophy of life, optimism and humanistic feelings.
Second, the study arrangement of China traditional culture.
Staged learning
Primary school stage: Saint Amethyst and Disciple Rules; Junior high school stage: thousands of words, Analects of Confucius, university; Senior High School: Mencius, The Doctrine of the Mean, Tao Te Ching, Zhuangzi.
(2) sorting and selection
1. Being sorted. Primary school reading materials. The 544 original sentences of The Holy Amethyst are carefully selected, which are close to reality, life and heart, helping students to have an orderly and clear understanding of China's history and culture, guiding students to understand its profound philosophy and life wisdom, and leading a positive and healthy outlook on life, values and world.
The original 360-sentence Disciple Rules, 1080 words, is condensed and selected, positive, healthy and easy to understand. It is the best reader for educating children to cultivate filial piety, respect teachers, unite classmates, stress honesty and be positive.
Reading materials for junior high school. The original 250 thousand-word texts are compressed into writing, and easy-to-understand explanations and interpretations are made to inspire students to use their encyclopedic knowledge to think and solve various problems and difficulties encountered in their study and life, learn to question and ask questions, face the future and the world, fly their ideals and write their own poetic and beautiful life.
The Analects of Confucius, with 20 chapters and 492 chapters, has been compressed and deleted, so as to respect history, pay attention to reality, keep the truth and discard the false, be objective and true, make it think positively about life, give people inspiration and strength, and give people reference and wisdom.
The aphorisms of Daxue 15 are carefully selected, and the remnants of idealism and feudal thoughts and negative and outdated chapters are eliminated, so as to reproduce the original style and reflect its spiritual soul, carry forward the correct outlook on life, values and world outlook, and build the value orientation and humanistic soul of "cultivating oneself, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world", thus improving students' moral level and shaping a harmonious and perfect humanistic temperament.
High school reading materials. In this paper, the original text of Mencius is divided into 7 chapters and 260 articles, and 90 articles in 7 chapters are carefully selected, aiming at tracing the original appearance of the times and extracting its essence, so as to create a positive and healthy personality charm, broaden students' cultural horizons and thinking space, cultivate Scientific Outlook on Development and an open mind, and play a positive reference role in building a harmonious society.
We select 15 famous aphorisms from The Doctrine of the Mean, strive to show its essence, appreciate, understand and digest with the view of "sublation", guide students' study, life and work with intelligent philosophical thoughts and positive and healthy ideas, promote self-improvement and improvement, open the door of harmonious wisdom in interpersonal relationships, and inspire people to get out of confusion and make their lives full and happy.
From the 8 1 chapter of Tao Te Ching, 83 famous sayings are selected, trying to get rid of the false and keep the true and restore the original intention. It is expected that Laozi's ideological essence and philosophical wisdom will become the nutritional source for modern people to resolve social contradictions, find spiritual homes and solve life crises, and inspire people to build peaks in inaction, contain strength in weakness and nurture happiness in nature.
Select 38 classic famous sentences from the original text of Zhuangzi, and strive to reflect its unrestrained Wang Yang and optimistic spirit, give people spiritual comfort, inspire people to adjust their mentality to face the society with a detached and chic attitude, lead their feelings with a philosophy of life with great enlightenment, shape a positive spiritual world, pursue a perfect life realm, and face life calmly and calmly.
2. choose. In order to enhance students' sense of language and enrich their cultural accumulation, we selected 100 classic sentences from The Analects, 100 classic sentences from Mencius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean, and 100 classic sentences from Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi. Students are required to be precise.
The classic sayings selected from The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean are short, pithy and philosophical, covering the main points of Confucianism and philosophy of life. They can be used as the motto of starting a business, dealing with the world and establishing a career, and can also be used as the password and key to interpret Chinese studies and understand the true meaning of life. The classic famous sentences selected from Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi are short, concise and philosophical, covering the main ideas of Taoism and philosophy of life. They are bundles of brilliant flowers of human wisdom, beautiful shells scattered in the ocean of books, and can also be used as the motto of starting a business, dealing with the world, and establishing people, as well as the password and key to interpreting Chinese studies and understanding the true meaning of life.
Third, the expected effect of traditional culture education in China.
If we can carry out systematic and scientific traditional culture education for primary and secondary school students according to the scheme I designed, it will certainly make a qualitative leap in students' Chinese literacy. In short, it will achieve the following expected results.
(1) Rich language accumulation. (2) Historical knowledge of the system. (3) Careful logical thinking. (4) profound and broad humanistic feelings.
To sum up, at this stage and in the future, it is not only necessary but also necessary to carry out systematic traditional culture education for primary and secondary school students. It is not only a project for people to learn knowledge, but also a project for people to learn to be human.