The programmer's job is to code according to the specified specifications, while the software engineer's job needs planning.
However, due to the increasingly blurred social division of labor, the division of labor between software engineers and programmers is becoming less and less obvious. _ _ _ You study computer, so I suggest you study software designer, which is close to your major, so you can get 40% of the exam.
Net work is only 20%, which is at the same level.
Books can be bought everywhere, and you can also go to places where you sign up.
Familiar with the basic knowledge of computer system;
(2) Familiar with the basic knowledge of network operating system;
(3) Understand the design and development methods of computer application systems;
(4) Familiar with the basic knowledge of data communication;
(5) Familiar with the basic knowledge of system security and data security;
(6) Master the basic technology of network security, major security protocols and security systems;
(7) Master the basic principles of computer network architecture and network protocols;
(8) Master the standardization knowledge related to computer networks;
(9) Master the networking technology of local area network and understand the basic technology of metropolitan area network and wide area network;
(10) Master computer network interconnection technology;
(1 1) Master the networking method and network application service technology of TCP/IP protocol network;
(12) Understand the access network and access technology;
(13) Master the basic principles and operation methods of network management;
(14) Familiar with network system performance testing and optimization technology and reliability design technology;
(15) Understand the basic principles and technologies of network application;
(16) Understand the new network technology and its development trend;
(17) Understand the laws and regulations related to intellectual property rights and the Internet;
(18) Read and understand English materials in this field correctly.
Qualified personnel who pass the examination at this level can plan and design the network system according to the requirements of the application department, install and debug the software and hardware of the network equipment, operate, maintain and manage the network system, manage the network resources efficiently, reliably and safely, provide technical support and guidance for system development as network professionals, have the practical working ability and professional level of engineers, and can guide assistant engineers to engage in the construction and management of the network system.
The subjects set in this level of examination include:
(1) computer and network knowledge, the examination time is 150 minutes, written test;
(2) Network system design and management, the examination time is 150 minutes, written. Software testing engineer: a newly rich man with no worries about employment, software testing is now a hot profession. As for the IT industry, I have already said that I am approaching European and American countries. Since young people are well developed, why worry about getting old? I'll give you some reference information, hoping to help you:
In 2006, software testing became the focus of many enterprises' recruitment, and once occupied the first place in Zhaopin recruitment. In order to let more people know about software testing, Zhaopin took the lead in launching the "2006 Special Survey Report on Software Testing Industry" in China, which comprehensively introduced the talent demand of software testing industry. One year has passed, and the pressure of job hunting has not diminished. It is even more enviable and curious to be in the booming software testing position. For this reason, Zhaopin specially invited a domestic software testing industry training expert, and Peking University testing teacher Wang Mingxing gave us a comprehensive introduction. Since the establishment of BTEST project in Peking University in 2005, Mr. Wang has been involved in the whole process of the project. Now he is the manager of career planning department of Peking University Examination Madian Center. Under his guidance, hundreds of students chose software testing careers and successfully found jobs. Many of them did not forget to thank him for his handiwork, and even called him a "mentor". Therefore, Mr. Wang Can said that he has a certain say in software testing, especially in enterprise requirements. Bian Xiao: Mr. Wang, you have been involved in this project for more than two years. Can you talk about your overall feelings?
Teacher Wang: In the past two years, since the first testing and training center in Peking University was established in March 2005, there have been 15 campuses in China. So I feel that software testing is very promising. The process of developing Windows2000 operating system by Microsoft lasted for three years, with an investment of $5 billion, involving 250 project managers, 1700 software development engineers and 3,200 software testing engineers. The ratio of development engineers to test engineers has almost reached 1∶2. The importance of testing engineers can be seen from this, which also explains why BTEST, a software testing training course of Beida Jade Bird, has attracted great attention since it was launched.
Bian Xiao: Yes, software testing is a hot profession now, but most people may not understand what software testing does. Where is its importance?
Teacher Wang: The job of a software testing engineer is to use testing tools to test the function and performance of products according to the testing scheme and process, and even write different testing tools as needed, design and maintain the testing system, and analyze and evaluate the possible problems in the testing scheme. After the test case is executed, the fault needs to be tracked to ensure that the developed product meets the requirements.
With the rapid development of domestic software industry and global software outsourcing, quality control and quality management of software products are gradually becoming the core of enterprise survival and development. In order to ensure the "healthy state" of software when IT leaves the factory, almost all IT enterprises need to do a lot of quality control work before software products are released. The research results of American Quality Assurance Association on software testing show that the earlier the problems in software are found, the lower the development cost; The cost of modifying software defects after coding is 10 times that before coding, and the cost of modifying software defects after product delivery is 10 times that before delivery; The higher the software quality, the lower the maintenance cost after the software is released. As an important part of software quality control, software testing engineers came into being.
Bian Xiao: Can you tell us about the current situation of talent evaluation at home and abroad?
Teacher Wang: In developed countries in Europe and America, the ratio of developers to testers is generally 1: 1, and the software testing technology is relatively mature. However, the current situation of talents in the domestic software testing market is really embarrassing. As a software testing engineer is a new software technology profession in the process of software industrialization, it is also a necessary new technical post for enterprises that have just started industrialization in China's software industry.
According to the data of the Ministry of Information Industry, the demand for software testing engineers in China exceeds 200,000, but at present there are no more than 1 10,000 senior software testing engineers with more than five years' experience. It can be said that in the software industry, there is little internal talent accumulation, while domestic university education is basically in a blank state in this respect. Even though most of the more than 30,000 technicians who are currently working as software testing engineers are in a groping state of learning while working, their professional ability is very slow to improve.
Bian Xiao: Software testing talents are scarce in China, but how is his treatment in the enterprise?
Teacher Wang: Value determines price, and the huge gap of software testing engineers has created considerable salary for employees. Liu Jinhua, vice president of Game Software Branch of China Software Industry Association, said that within the enterprise, software testing engineers are basically in a "double high" position, that is, high status and high salary. At present, the monthly salary of software testers with two years' working experience can generally reach 4000-5000 yuan, and some people can earn as much as 7000-8000 yuan. It can be said that their career prospects are very broad. Judging from the recent talent demand and salary level of enterprises, the annual salary of software testing engineers has obvious signs of increasing year by year.
Bian Xiao: Many people don't know the definition of software development and software testing. Do you want to talk about the relationship between software development and testing?
Teacher Wang: In developed countries, software testing has not only become an integral part of software development, but also occupies a considerable proportion in the whole system engineering of software development. Take the average investment in software development and production in the United States as an example. Usually, requirements analysis and planning determination account for 3%, design for 5%, programming for 7%, testing for 15%, and debugging and maintenance for 67%. The position of testing in software development is self-evident.
Bian Xiao: There are different occupations in IT industry. Can you introduce the professional advantages of software testing?
Teacher Wang: Compared with other IT majors, the professional advantages of software testing are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
First, the employment competition is small and the starting point of work is high. According to the report issued by the Ministry of Information Industry, the talent gap of software testing in China is over 200,000 at present, and this number will continue to increase in the next decade. Therefore, the competitive pressure faced by the testing profession will be far less than that of other occupations. At present, software testing departments are set up separately, and most of the enterprises with strong demand for testing engineers are large software enterprises with relatively high employment platforms.
Second, the salary is good and the career is long. The salary report in 2006 shows that the starting salary of software testing engineers generally ranges from 2000 to 5000 yuan/month, and if they have three years of work experience, the salary is about 8000 yuan/month. Quality is the soul of products. As the gatekeeper of software quality, software testing engineers are playing an increasingly important role in enterprises, and their work is relatively more stable. Moreover, with the continuous growth of project experience and in-depth understanding of different industry backgrounds, the level of software testing engineers will become higher and higher, and the older they are, the more popular they will be.
Third, gender-neutral jobs are more stable. The process and result of software testing work does not depend much on individual's innovation ability and work intensity, but more on proficiency, patience, responsibility and self-confidence. Therefore, enterprises have no special requirements for the gender of testers. Moreover, because the testing work is generally carried out in large and medium-sized software enterprises, large and medium-sized enterprises are relatively stable and the employment system is better. Due to the closure of enterprises or irregular management, there is little possibility of dismissing employees.
Bian Xiao: Now we have a certain understanding of the work and occupation of software testing, and I also know that the employment situation of testing in Peking University has been very good. Can you give us a brief introduction to the training?
Teacher Wang: We are the first training institution in China to launch a systematic and comprehensive software testing course. We provide students with not only employment, but also high-quality employment. I witnessed our students from being at a loss at the beginning to entering well-known enterprises such as IBM, Microsoft, Lenovo, Huawei and Founder. The reasons for this achievement are mainly based on the curriculum of Peking University Test System major, practice-oriented teaching methods, strict teaching management and solid employment recommendation. If everyone wants to have a skill, I believe that choosing software testing is a good career direction and will bring them good development opportunities. Beijing is the software capital of China, and there are good choices for employment opportunities and platforms. In addition, authoritative training institutions like Peking University Testing will certainly lay a good foundation for future development.
Bian Xiao: Mr. Wang, thank you for taking the time to talk to me about so many questions about software testing today. I also think that software testing is really a good choice for people who have already found jobs or changed careers. Finally, I wish your school better and better, and train more excellent software testing talents for IT enterprises in China. . . . . .