Sun Ying, a retired sprinter due to injury, is planning to open a barbecue shop in Changchun. This bold plan was born in the first entrepreneurship training course for retired athletes in Jilin Province held not long ago.
654381October 28th-165438+1October 7th, Sun Ying and 74 other retired athletes entered the class and became the first batch of students in the entrepreneurship training class for retired athletes. Among them, 69 people obtained the training certificate, and 9 people initially reached the entrepreneurial intention. Weng Jiaren, director of the Human Resources Development Center of the State Sports General Administration, said: "The training course has achieved the expected results. This is the first entrepreneurship training course for retired athletes in the national sports system, which will play a good role in demonstrating, leading and driving. "
Some people are used to comparing the competitive sports in China to the pyramid structure. Athletes who can compete for gold and silver in the Olympic Games are undoubtedly located at the top of the pyramid, while provincial professional team athletes like Sun Ying can only be located in the middle of the pyramid. Over the years, there has been a backlog of many athletes in various provinces. After they retired, many people got financial compensation, but they were unable to get a second job. Even with a diploma, it is difficult to gain a foothold in society.
At present, there are about 23,000 excellent athletes in training in China, and 3,000-6,000 professional athletes retire every year. Statistics show that it is difficult for 40% retired athletes to be properly placed on time every year. Apart from sports ability and injuries, these athletes lack the professional skills to settle down in society, and the lack of responsibility of the competent authorities for athletes' vocational guidance makes it more difficult to find a job with a gold medal a buzzword in sports.
Social difficulties are also closely related to athletes' weak awareness of re-employment. Chen Zhiyuan, the stationmaster of the professional skill appraisal station of Jilin Provincial Sports Bureau, believes that because of the traditional concept of employment, athletes lack entrepreneurial awareness, and the employment ideas of "equality" and "dependence" are more prominent. Some retired athletes have the idea of starting a business, and often give up halfway because there is no way to ask for help. If athletes want to have a good way out after retirement, they basically have to rely on their own efforts to establish a self-confident, self-reliant and self-reliant employment concept to adapt to the changes in the market economy. Entrepreneurship is an effective way for retired athletes to achieve employment.
This entrepreneurship training course introduces the evaluation of entrepreneurial quality and ability, with the aim of finding out what advantages athletes have and what they lack in social employment demand.
Through the evaluation, it is found that athletes have strong adaptability and learning ability, strong desire to express and learn, quick response and extroversion, which can help them start their own businesses. On the other hand, athletes' cultural quality is uneven, most of them are not high, and their understanding of society and themselves is insufficient.
Because the growth environment of athletes is relatively closed, the scope of choosing a career when re-employment is relatively narrow, while the employment guidance and training of retired athletes are not targeted and lack of substantive content. In the course setting of this entrepreneurship training course, we have specially made targeted settings, and intentionally highlighted the word "effectiveness".
Weng Jiaren said: "The course arrangement is very rich, and the teaching methods of combining theoretical knowledge with case teaching and combining classroom teaching with practical investigation are adopted. In theoretical teaching, teaching includes employment, entrepreneurship, industry and commerce, taxation, law, modern communication etiquette and so on, which is targeted, feasible and practical. " Successful representatives of retired athletes such as Ye Qiaobo and Gao Hong "stated their opinions" in class, which further boosted the confidence of retired athletes.
After listening to Ye Qiaobo's entrepreneurial experience, Sun Ying felt "very cordial". "The training course made us familiar with the entrepreneurial process in the shortest time, which surprised me very much. I am full of confidence in the second venture. " After establishing the desire to start their own businesses, the Sports Fund Management Center of the State Sports General Administration and the Jilin Provincial Sports Bureau will support athletes to start their own businesses and provide them with further help.
The first entrepreneurship training course has achieved good results, and now there are plans to continue and expand. It is understood that some enterprises also expressed their willingness to participate in training courses, because they found through the first training course that the ability of athletes is very different from their imagination. They hope to attract some retired athletes and form a brand effect while enriching the corporate culture.
Weng Jiaren said: "It is not enough for nine athletes to have entrepreneurial intentions now. The Human Resources Center of the State Sports General Administration and the Jilin Provincial Sports Bureau will continue to track, guide and serve the first batch of students, and strive to make more athletes succeed in starting businesses. "
Zou Chunlan, the national weightlifting champion, became a bathing worker; When Cai Li, the Asian weightlifting champion, died of illness, she was a doorman ... The employment and outlet of retired athletes were once widely concerned.
After several years or even longer sports career, athletes often lose the golden age of receiving education at school, and their cultural quality is generally not high, which directly affects their "second employment" after entering the society.
In September 2007, the Interim Measures for the Employment of Athletes jointly issued by the State Sports General Administration and the Ministry of Education came into effect. The State General Administration of Sport has also specially formulated supporting documents such as "Opinions on Further Improving the Guarantee of National Excellent Athletes" and "Opinions on Doing a Good Job in the Transitional Period of Athletes' Career Transition" to clarify that athletes will be given vocational training guidance during the transitional period of one year after retiring from professional teams.
During the transition period, many athletes choose to go back to campus first and then enter the society. Fung Gin-Chung, deputy director of the State Sports General Administration, said: "We have made many useful attempts to give full play to the advantages of colleges and universities and achieved good results."
Weng Jiaren, director of the Human Resources Development Center of the State Sports General Administration, said: "After retiring, athletes can go to college without trying. We have been doing this work for nearly 10 years, and have established good cooperative relations with Central University of Finance and Economics, Second Foreign Studies University, Dalian Foreign Studies University and other universities. Any athlete who meets the requirements for admission without a test can enter the university without a test. "
At present, Sun Xiaoli, deputy secretary of the Party branch of the School of Economics and Management of the Central University of Finance and Economics, is busy recruiting the fifth batch of retired athletes, and the first batch of retired athletes who entered school in 2004 graduated several months ago. "Among the athletes who signed up for 1 1, all the others1have found jobs except one who went home for treatment due to injury," Sun Xiaoli said.
The first batch of athletes who entered the Central University of Finance and Economics without test were 1 1, from gymnastics, shooting, baseball and badminton. They sit in the same classroom as the students who passed the college entrance examination. Sun Xiaoli recalled: "When I first entered school, some athletes were not used to campus life and asked me,' Why didn't anyone invite me to dinner?' It took a semester to get used to it. "What bothers teachers is that athletes have poor cultural skills and it is difficult to keep pace with other students. Sun Xiaoli said: "It is difficult for athletes to understand what they have learned in class. Many of them have a low level of education, and some athletes have entered team training since they were very young, and systematic learning is not enough. "
However, the sunny personality and enterprising attitude of athletes bring fresh air to the college and the class atmosphere is very harmonious. A baseball player named Zhang Lei also stood out. Not only was he elected monitor, but he also successfully ran for president of the student union. Sun Xiaoli said: "In the first semester, Zhang Lei got a high score in logic, which surprised me. Through communication, I found that his personal ability is very strong, which is definitely inseparable from his experience in the sports team. " In the past four years, 40 athletes have entered the school gate of the Central University of Finance and Economics. Now, Sun Xiaoli is negotiating with the Human Resources Development Center to expand the employment channels for athletes after graduation. "The college hopes to expand enrollment and let the local sports bureau support us. By upgrading the brand of the college, graduates can have an ideal way out. "
In view of some problems encountered in the teaching process, the school has also made some adjustments in the curriculum. Since 2006, the Central University of Finance and Economics has started to teach athletes in different classes, specially making training plans for athletes, focusing on strengthening the cultivation of applied knowledge and English. The Second Foreign Languages Institute offers many English classes, which are very popular with athletes.
With the increasing employment pressure, many athletes are worried that they still can't find a job after leaving campus, which will affect the enrollment effect. Weng Jiaren said: "What needs to be solved now is how to make athletes have strong professional service ability after studying, and then they can go to work after leaving the campus. On this issue, the State Sports General Administration is working with relevant departments to study and solve it. "
In addition to cooperation with universities, the human resources development center has organized many targeted training courses and achieved good results. From August to June last year165438+1October, the Center held a training course for retired athletes of aquatic events jointly with China Ocean University, Aquatic Sports Management Center and Qingdao Aviation School. On the day of graduation, there was also a special meeting between supply and demand, and more than a dozen water sports clubs went to the scene to select talents. In the end, more than half of the more than 20 athletes went to work.
Weng Jiaren, director of the Human Resources Development Center of the State Sports General Administration, said: "Events like Zou Chunlan should not happen again in the sports world of China." . "If management departments and working organizations at all levels put their work into practice, athletes will not be unemployed and their lives will not be guaranteed after retirement."
In 2006 and 2007, the State General Administration of Sports held national conferences on the protection of outstanding athletes and professional skills appraisal in the sports industry in Shanghai and Changsha, and issued more specific policies and measures, including "salary and welfare, social insurance, medical care, disability pension, employment guidance, retired resettlement, difficult assistance, student assistance and entrepreneurial support".
Not long ago, Beijing Olympic champions Zhang Ning, Tong Wen, Qiu Jian and others appeared at the "Easy Financial Management" conference hosted by Shanghai Pudong Development Bank. They all said that they should make rational use of the Olympic bonus and plan their life after retirement. Weng Jiaren said: "Olympic champions still have to consider their own path after retiring, not to mention those athletes who have not achieved results. We should pay attention not only to successful athletes, but also to ordinary athletes. The policies promulgated by the state should benefit all athletes, especially those with difficulties, who must live under the normal social security mechanism. "
The employment of retired athletes is a difficult problem that has long plagued the sports front. In recent years, many provinces and cities across the country are actively trying. In addition to Jilin, Tianjin also launched a training course for retired athletes swimming lifeguards. Beijing held the first training course for retired athletes' fitness instructors; Guangdong has set up a training base for athletes' career transformation; Jiangsu has issued a number of supporting policies to carry out training.
At present, sports schools at all levels pay more and more attention to strengthening athletes' cultural education and improving their quality. Many amateur sports schools are either combined with traditional sports schools or ordinary middle schools, and the sports and education management departments cooperate with each other to improve the cultural quality of athletes.
"Training is very important in the career transition period after athletes retire for nearly a year," Weng Jiaren said. "It is one of the key tasks of the Human Resources Development Center to strengthen the career counseling, vocational training and employment training of athletes during the career transition period, mobilize all social forces and pay attention to the employment of athletes."
In Weng Jiaren's words, the human resource development center is "one institution with two brands" and "we are also the vocational skill appraisal guidance center of the State Sports General Administration". At present, the unique occupations in the sports industry are "social sports instructor", "sports agent", "stadium ground handling" and "swimming lifeguard". After passing the examination and appraisal, the retired athletes have obtained the national vocational qualification certificate of sports industry and engaged in related work. At present, 20 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country have established appraisal stations, which are responsible for the professional skills appraisal of the sports industry.
At present, Bi Li Fitness Club of China Sports Institute actively promotes the national fitness instructor's professional qualification certificate holding system. At the end of this year 10, 28 retired athletes participated in the fitness instructor training course, including equipment operation, marketing concept, customer communication methods and so on. Twenty-four of them passed the exam and obtained the national vocational qualification certificate, and many of them have signed contracts with the club. At present, more than 80 retired athletes have served as fitness coaches in the club.
Although some achievements have been made in the employment placement of retired athletes, Weng Jiaren admits that there are still many problems and obstacles. "Now the employment situation is not very optimistic, and the competitiveness of athletes in the market is relatively weak. It is necessary for sports departments at all levels to pay more attention to the resettlement of retired athletes, increase the intensity and scope of solving problems, and implement the state's care for athletes. "
Weng Jiaren said frankly: "The placement of retired athletes is directly related to the sustainable development of competitive sports in China. Sports teams must make progress. The entrance will be affected if the exit is not smooth. Athletes can't cry after bleeding and sweating. Let them leave the sports team with a smile, integrate into the society, and keep our sports career alive. "
postscript
At present, 3000 to 6000 professional athletes retire every year in China, and about 40% of them are difficult to be placed in time. Most of them have been groping in the arena since childhood. While other children are still enjoying the ease of youth, they have already begun to stand the test of success or failure. When other children are studying on campus, they have begun to get hurt. On the way to the gold medal, most of them are destined to be supporting roles, but in the brilliant achievements of competitive sports in China, every medal is inseparable from their sweat and dedication.
Athletes can't cry after bleeding and sweating. Let them leave the sports team with a smile and integrate into the society, so that our sports cause can maintain vigorous vitality. I believe that with the improvement of the athletes' security system, events like Zou Chunlan should not happen again in China sports.