First, summing up is to think rationally about the work that has been done. What it wants to review is what it did in the past, how it was done and how it was done. Summary and planning complement each other and should be based on planning, which is always based on summing up experience. There is a rule in this, that is, plan-practice-summary-re-plan-practice-summary. Second, the summary has the following characteristics: 1. Work summary requires people to calmly reflect on their past work. Through reflection, we can improve our understanding, gain experience and lay an ideological foundation for further work. 2. Emphasize science. Summing up experience can't be practical, but "follow your feelings". Instead, we should discuss things realistically, make dialectical analysis, and strive to draw scientific conclusions, thus promoting the change of work. 3. Comment on the combination of narration and discussion in expression. In addition to narration and explanation, work summary should also be discussed. Through the introduction and analysis of typical materials, the author's point of view is clarified, so as to sort out and theorize the experience and lessons and avoid the bias between empty materials and piled materials. Three. Job summary: 1. According to the summary time, there are annual summary, semi-annual summary and quarterly summary. When carrying out an important task, we should also summarize it in stages, or call it stage summary. 2. According to the summary scope, there are unit summary, individual summary, comprehensive summary and special summary. 3. According to the nature of summary, there are work summary, production summary, teaching summary and scientific research summary. Fourth, summarize the preparation before writing. Someone said: If you want to summarize well, you must summarize well; To sum up well, we must do it well and have a correct position and viewpoint. This should be a summary of experience. A good summary is written on the basis of a good summary and is also made by the people in practice. In real life, some units are not doing very well, but they are summarized by "perfume", which has no practical significance for their own work and should not be advocated. There are also some units that have achieved results, but they cannot form typical experience. This situation shows that the summary work has not been done well. Both of these situations should be avoided. Doing a good summary is an important work of enterprise management and an important means to enhance the cohesion of cadres and workers, which needs to be taken seriously. How should we summarize? Generally speaking, we should mobilize the masses and make a summary from the bottom up. When the masses do their work, they should also summarize it. Don't put aside the masses' gathering achievements and rack your brains to express your opinions. In the process of summing up, we should quantify our energy, combine qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, proceed from objective facts, prevent emotional feelings and make the summary a mere formality. In addition, the following points should be noted: 1. Pay attention to investigation and study, and be familiar with the work done or a task completed in the past. When summing up, we should try our best to grasp the overall situation and understand the whole working process through investigation and research. Only in this way can we make a comprehensive summary and avoid generalizing. 2. Love your job, be familiar with your business, love your job and be enterprising, which is the premise of doing a good job and the basis of summing up. Writing a summary involves your own affairs. If you are not familiar with the business, you will inevitably be unable to say what you mean. 3. Adhering to the principle of seeking truth from facts is an evaluation of previous work. We must adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts. As Comrade Chen Yun said, "If you make achievements, you will write achievements, and if you make mistakes, you will write mistakes; Write big mistakes for big mistakes, and write small mistakes for small mistakes. " Only in this way can we benefit the present and the future. Exaggerating achievements and reporting good news without reporting worries is contrary to the purpose of summing up and should be abandoned. 4, the focus is on experience, and the ultimate goal of finding a law summary is to learn from experience, learn lessons, and find out the law of doing a good job. Therefore, the summary can not stay on the understanding of superficial phenomena and the listing of objective cases, but must sum up regular conclusions from practice. V. Writing method of summary (1) Structure and content of work summary The title of year-end summary (including comprehensive summary) or special summary is usually written in two ways, one is the name and time language of the issuing unit, such as "Work Summary of Tongren Tobacco Monopoly Bureau in 2004"; The other is in the form of news headlines, such as the special summary of the credit rating management of cigarette retail enterprises by Daxing visiting and delivering department in Songtao County: "Customers compete for grades, and sales are stable with integrity". The text is generally divided into three parts: 1. The situation review is the beginning of the summary, called preface or small quotation, which is used to explain the reasons for the summary, or to limit the content, scope and purpose of the summary, and to briefly summarize and evaluate the work or process done. This part of the text should not be too long, only for a general description, not for analysis and comment. 2. This part of experience is the main body of summary, which will be discussed after the first part summarizes the situation. Some use subheadings to clarify achievements and problems, practices and experiences, or achievements and shortcomings respectively. If not, people can't get to the point. A summary of a theme can also extract several experiences to make it eye-catching and clear. When using this method, we should pay attention to the relationship between the parts. Each part has both relative independence and close internal relations, which makes them form a joint force and explains the basic experience. 3. In the future, this is the end of the summary. The last part summarizes the experience and lessons, and puts forward future plans and plans according to the achievements and the requirements of the new situation and new tasks, which will become the basis for making plans for the new year. The content includes how to carry forward the achievements, overcome the existing problems and make clear the direction of future efforts. We can also look to the future and achieve new goals. (2) Requirements for written expression of work summary 1. We should be good at focusing on all aspects of our work, but at the same time, we should focus on all aspects regardless of primary and secondary priorities. What's the point? Refers to the main experience gained in the work, or the main problems found, or the objective laws explored. Don't scatter pen and ink, take everything. At present, some summaries are getting longer and longer. Of course, some writers are afraid of omission, but some leading comrades are afraid that they will not get any results without writing a few strokes, resulting in a complicated summary and no focus. 2. Writing with characteristics is the attribute that distinguishes other things. Different units have different grades. This year's summary of the same unit should be different from previous years. Now some summaries always feel the same after reading them. Some units have a consistent summary system for several years, and the content is similar, but some figures have been changed. Such a summary lacks practical value. Comrade Chen Yun emphasized in the 1950s that summing up experience is an important way to improve oneself. Any unit or individual has its own set of methods different from others when carrying out work, and its experience is also different. When writing a summary, we should carefully analyze and compare the materials and find the key points on the basis of full possession, and don't stay in general terms. 3. It should be noted that the experience in the unified summary of opinions and materials is extracted from practical work, that is, from a large number of factual materials. Once the experience is formed, it is necessary to choose the necessary materials to explain it, so that the experience is "established" and has practical value. This is the unity of ideas and materials. However, some common experience summaries often fail to pay attention to this. As Comrade Mao Zedong criticized, "it is not good to separate materials from viewpoints, so there is no viewpoint when talking about materials, and there is no connection between materials and viewpoints". 4. Language should be accurate and concise. In order to make a clear judgment, the words must be accurate, the use cases are conclusive, and the judgment is unambiguous. Conciseness means that when expounding opinions, it is required to combine generalization with concreteness, not to be complicated, not to be general and cumbersome, and to be concise and clear.