1. Types and causes of construction safety accidents
Building safety needs the safety of people, things and environment to be guaranteed. There are four main types of construction safety accidents: falling, collapse, object strike, lifting injury, machine injury, electric shock and other injuries. The causes of these safety accidents are divided into external reasons and internal reasons. There are four internal factors: people, things, environment and management. Among them, the unsafe behavior of people and the unsafe state of things are the direct causes of accidents, management errors are the indirect causes, and social factors are the basic reasons. Among them, people's unsafe behavior is the most important, and management is the most essential reason. It is precisely because of improper management that the unsafe state of things and unsafe behavior of people become the inducement of safety accidents.
1. 1 Weak safety awareness.
High-level construction enterprises pay more attention to production than safety, because the safety facilities are fully purchased and the safety-related personnel are in place, which requires a lot of capital investment. The existence of luck makes the safety facilities fail to be equipped as planned. The occurrence of safety accidents is a small probability event, so construction workers will also relax their vigilance, and it is normal that their safety awareness is not strong. However, once a safety accident occurs, the consequences will be unimaginable. Therefore, the ideology of the management and construction personnel of 1 should always tighten the string of safety precautions and pay attention to safety in order to have a longer-term development.
1.2 Weak safety supervision and management
There are some problems in the implementation of China's construction safety supervision and management system, such as lag, weak strength and unclear responsibility. Construction safety management is divided into four levels: the engineering layer-inside the construction project, the near outer layer-construction enterprises, intermediaries and insurance institutions, the middle outer layer-government construction safety administrative departments and construction industry organizations, and the far outer layer-laws and regulations and the public. All levels should perform their duties in strict accordance with the regulations and put them in place, which will reduce the occurrence of many construction safety accidents.
1.3 Inadequate safety training and inadequate full-time safety officers.
Many enterprises engage in formal and procedural safety training, resulting in safety knowledge and safety precautions being ignored. The safety knowledge of site management personnel and construction personnel generally comes from common sense, which is far from ensuring safe production. Safety training is the re-education of site management personnel and construction personnel. Even if it is time-consuming and laborious, it should be put in place, so that when a safety accident occurs, it can be handled correctly, rescued and reported in time, and the loss of the accident can be minimized. Some construction enterprises have insufficient security personnel, no safety officers and insufficient numbers, or some construction site safety officers and safety supervisors are lazy to stick to the construction site all the time, taking chances and neglecting on-the-job supervision. Lack of full-time safety personnel is one of the hidden dangers of safety accidents.
1.4 the construction organization design or construction scheme is not implemented as required.
On-site construction personnel are experienced in construction and have first-line experience and intuition about the project, but the project construction should be carried out in strict accordance with the construction organization design and construction scheme, otherwise it is difficult to accurately divide the responsibilities in case of safety accidents.
2. Prevention and control of construction safety accidents
The main reason of building safety accidents is that the human-machine-environment system is not fully coordinated and does not play the overall function of the system. In addition, poor management. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with unsafe situations with targeted prevention and control systems. The prevention and control system can not only give full play to people's subjective initiative to ensure the safe operation of machinery, but also realize the organic cooperation and coordinated operation of man-machine and environment, thus ensuring the safety of buildings. For people, on the one hand, do a good job in safety training for construction personnel, improve safety awareness, learn to protect themselves, and at the same time, be equipped with complete safety protection facilities; On the other hand, improve the control ability of safety supervisors and managers, do their own jobs dutifully, and avoid "dislocation", "offside" and "absence". Work together to avoid unsafe behavior. Check the machinery regularly to eliminate potential safety hazards.
3. Optimization of building safety system
The optimization of building safety system includes the improvement of building safety management efficiency, the improvement of building safety system and the rationalization of building safety prevention and control measures. To improve the efficiency of building safety management, it is necessary to reasonably divide responsibilities, clarify the responsibilities of all participants and give consideration to the cooperation of all parties. There are three optimization schemes to improve the construction safety system. The construction unit promotes the safety production management and solves the problem that the supervision unit has pressure, no motivation, responsibility and no right to undertake the safety production management. Government departments promote safety production management and solve the problem of great responsibility but weak strength; Encourage construction units to take the initiative to strengthen safety production management, and change passive into active. At the same time, real-time measurement, monitoring and data processing systems can be developed to predict the safety status of construction projects, solve the problems of safety accidents and dangerous sources in construction, and take preventive measures according to specific conditions to correct potential safety hazards in time to ensure safe construction.
summary
Building safety is related to the personal safety of employees in construction enterprises, the quality of buildings, the performance of enterprises and social harmony. Safety is no small matter, and there is no room for slack. Improve the performance of building safety management, optimize the building safety system, do a good job in building safety prevention and control, and achieve the goal of less or even zero building safety accidents. The optimization of building safety system needs to put forward a quantitative method and develop a monitoring system that can fully control the building safety construction site, so as to achieve the purpose of putting an end to safety accidents.
For more information about project/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, please click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd