The control system of modern automobile adopts electronic integrated data processing and control. Specifically: engine fuel injection ECU, automatic transmission ECU, window control ECU, body control ECU, ABS pump ECU, four-wheel drive ECU. . And so on, individual vehicles have high-tech content, and sometimes a car can reach more than ten ECU microprocessing units. This Dongdong control ECU is commonly known as "computer".

Now the technical level of many repair shops has been greatly improved compared with the past. The fault judgment of automobile is a comprehensive judgment of maintenance according to the signals and information fed back by computer, which reduces many opportunities of detours and improves efficiency. However, the maintenance personnel can't start with the fault maintenance of the computer itself, and basically replace it directly. Or external processing and maintenance. Generally, there are professional technicians who specialize in repairing computers, and they can repair them according to some rare and simple materials and some special equipment. However, even the skilled automobile engineering maintenance technician only replaces the conventional diode triode, and it is basically impossible to repair the integrated circuit block, either ordering parts outside or removing them from other scrapped computer boards. So at present, the maintenance in this field in China is not very developed, but there are many studies. In foreign countries, this kind of computer board is generally scrapped when it breaks down. If the maintenance fails to reach a certain standard or breaks down two or three times, there will be more problems.

As long as you have the heart, you can still, at least you have to master:

I. Technical aspects:

1, digital circuit, the main internal control voltage is controlled by digital voltage signal (high and low level), which is called rectangular wave signal in the industry and can be measured by oscillometric method. It is certain to master the knowledge of microcircuits.

2. The high or low voltage signal of the digital signal can be assigned to the digital signal. Just like binary 1 and 0 in a computer, it can be estimated that the low-level digital signal is 0 and the high-level digital signal is 1, and assigning a value to the digital signal is called binary coding. The word "binary" means two numbers, which are 0 and1respectively in the binary coding system; In an automobile computer, information is transmitted in binary code. Status, quantity and words can all be expressed by a string of 0s and 1, so you need to master a certain decimal system. Under the signal of sum microprocessor, many input/output sensors work in the range of 0-5V. For example, the voltage generated by a common throttle position sensor (TPS) is between 0-2v when it is closed, between 2-4V when it is gradually opened, and between 4-5v when it is fully opened. The value of each voltage can be specified in binary: 0-2V is 1, 2-4V is 2, and 4-5V is 3. . . This is just a hypothetical example. Just like the elementary binary programming of computers, the technical content is not very high. But basically all the information of the computer is confidential by the manufacturer. Now most of them are imported printed circuit boards, which are gradually entering China. "Localization" is slowly beginning. For example, the doctor set up a factory in China, and many other manufacturers are "invading" the Chinese mainland market. . . Hehe, so, information is very important. As for the information that can be obtained through some channels, as far as I know, at present, there is a shortage, the second is still uneven, and the third is that some other people have mastered it, so it is difficult for you to "deduct" it from him or even give money, haha. . .

Second, tools and equipment:

1, at the very least, it should not be said that if the voltage and level of the microcircuit are low, anti-static gloves are necessary, and this should not be said more.

2. Digital multimeter: Needless to say, this is too much. If necessary, generally choose a digital meter with internal resistance greater than 10M.

3. Multi-channel adjustable voltage-stabilizing power supply: It is best to choose a multi-channel adjustable voltage-stabilizing power supply with a slightly larger current, such as 15A, which can be used to dynamically test various components inside computers and most electronic products in automobiles. Although maintenance technicians now have a regulated power supply, the current is very small, generally below 5A, and they can only handle some microcircuits.

4. Oscilloscope: it is the most common and intuitive. When testing related components in CPU, it is basically difficult to find out the fault without using oscilloscope. But for the software part of the computer, we can brush it through the programmer. This thing is available in some special equipment stores and Taobao bar O. In fact, many of them can integrate the software part of CPU by brushing programs, which is a "partition table" like a computer. In fact, this is simple, basically there is a place to buy a programmer, and the whole set of tools and data software will be given to you.

5. Automobile computer detector or special ECU detector: If conditions are good, special detector will be used, and the data will be more detailed. Generally, you will use the testing equipment of the repair shop, or take it directly to the car for testing, hehe. Everyone understands this truth.

Now this maintenance technology, first, through self-study, if you have a solid foundation of weak current microcircuit, you will be familiar with the use of various commonly used instruments, such as oscilloscope, detector, multimeter and so on. . . Wait a minute. It's not that hard. The key is to "search" some materials, most of which are imported English versions and also localized. Through self-study, you can also reach a certain level. Another way is that some universities or vocational technical schools now offer this subject, and I have a friend at the professor level who specializes in this subject. The income of "business" is several times higher than salary, hehe. . . Make fun of it. You'd better study systematically, that is, go to a technical school or a college for training. This industry seems to be "cold", but there are still many "business opportunities" in it.

Personally, I don't know much, and the technology is too deep. I hope I can give you some guidance. If not, please correct me.

Finally, I wish you success. . . . . ! !

superior