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Sima Yi's great-grandfather, Sima Jun, was a general of the Western Expedition during the reign of Emperor Han 'an. His great-grandfather Sima Liang was the prefect of Zhang Yu. His grandfather Sima Juan was the satrap of Yingchuan; His father, Sima Fang, is a man of Jing. Sima Fang has eight children, because there is a word "big" in every word, which was called Sima Ba Da at that time. Sima Yan's imperial edict of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty

Sima yi statue

Statue of Sima Yi (3 pieces)

The book says, "The students have been giving gifts for a long time." [3]

Sima Yi, the second son of Sima Fang, was resourceful when he was young. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sima Yi was born in troubled times and "always worried about the world". Nanyang, the satrap of Yang, is famous for knowing people and being good at their duties. Sima Yi was less than twenty years old. When Yang met him, he said that he was not an ordinary son. "Shangshu" Cui Yan befriended Sima Yi's brother Sima Lang and once said to Sima Lang, "Your brother is smart, sensible, decisive and heroic, which is incomparable to you." Sima Yi had a good relationship with the famous hermit Zhao Hu when he was a teenager. He was murdered because of his enmity with Zhou Sheng and others in the same county. After Zhao Hu knew it, he ventured to find it immediately, found Chow Sang and his party between Mianchi, Xiaoshan, and asked them to release Sima Yi. Chow Sang refused at first, but Zhao Hu's sincerity in crying finally moved him and saved Sima Yi. [4]

In the sixth year of Jian 'an (20 1), the county chose him as the plan. Cao Cao was in power at that time. After hearing his fame, he sent someone to ask him to work in the government. Seeing that the national fortune of the Han Dynasty was weak, Sima Yi refused to be commanded by Cao Cao, so he made an excuse that he had rheumatism and could not live. Cao Cao didn't believe it, so he sent someone to find out the news at night. Sima Yi lay there motionless, as if she was really infected with wind arthralgia.

In the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), after Cao Cao became prime minister, Sima Yi became a literary hero by coercive means. Cao Cao said to the messenger, "Stop dawdling and you'll be done." . Sima Yi was afraid and had to take office. Cao Cao asked him to travel with the prince, and served as assistant minister of Huangmen, negotiator, minister of Cao Dongcheng and prime minister's main book. According to Wei Lue, Sima Yi was eager to learn, but Cao Hong thought he was just too weak to help him. Sima Yi was ashamed to associate with Cao Hong, pretending that she couldn't walk on crutches. Cao Hong hated Sima Yi, so he told Cao Cao. Cao Cao recruited Sima Yi, who immediately threw crutches to see Cao Cao serve. [5]

Cao Cao gradually realized that Sima Yi was "ambitious" and found that he was "concerned by wolves" and was very jealous. Therefore, I told Cao Pi that Sima Yi is not a person who wants to be a minister and will definitely interfere in our family affairs. However, because Cao Pi and Sima Yi had a good relationship and always took care of him, nothing happened, so Sima Yi was very conscientious and forgot to eat and sleep, which made Cao Cao feel at ease. [6]

Resourceful

In the 20th year of Jian 'an (2 15), Cao Cao conquered Zhang Lu and Sima Yi joined the army. Cao Cao said, "Liu Bei captured Liu Zhang with a cunning plan, and the Shu soldiers fought for Jiangling before they threw it. This is a good chance to beat Liu. If there is a demonstration in Hanzhong today, Yizhou will be shaken, if soldiers invade again, if soldiers threaten again, Shu soldiers will inevitably collapse. Seize this good opportunity and things will succeed. Saints can't go against time, nor can they lose time. " Cao Cao said, "Those who are dissatisfied will get Longyou and want to recover Shu." Did not follow its plan. [7]

In the 22nd year of Jian 'an (2 17), Cao Pi was named Prince Wang Wei. Jian 'an twenty-four years (

Portrait of Sima Yi

Portrait of Sima Yi (8 photos)

2 19), Sima Yi was promoted to the son of the prince, assisting Cao Pi. At that time, Sima Yi was deeply trusted and reused by Cao Pi, and was called "four friends" with Chen Qun, Wu Zhi and Zhu Shuo. Since then, Sima Yi has often sought state affairs and made many surprising plans. Soon, Sima Yi turned to be Sima, the prime minister's army, and suggested that the grain problem should be solved by reclaiming farmland, which was adopted by Cao Cao. He pointed out that Hu Xiu, the secretariat of Jingzhou, was rude, and Fu Fang, the satrap of Nanxiang, was arrogant and extravagant, so he should not be stationed in the border defense. Cao Cao also ignored it. In June of the same year, after Liu Bei captured Hanzhong, he sent Meng Da and Liu Feng to capture Fangling and Shang Yong in the east of Hanzhong County, and his influence expanded. In July, Sun Quan wanted to attack Hefei, and most of Wei Jun mobilized Huainan to guard against Wu Jun. Guan Yu, who was guarding Jingzhou, took this opportunity to lead the main force to attack Jingxiang in the north. Coss, the general who besieged Wei, drowned in the seventh army and beheaded Pound. Hu and Fu really took the opportunity to go to Shu. For a time, Guan Yu's momentum was "a great shock to China." Because Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was in Xujun, close to Fancheng, Cao Cao felt threatened. In order to avoid Guan Yu's sharp edge, he was once ready to move his capital to the north of the Yellow River. Sima Yi and Cao Jiang Xunji dissuaded them in time, saying: "Yu Jin was submerged by the water army, which was not a mistake in defending the war and did not cause great losses to the overall situation of the country. Moving the capital on this ground is a sign of weakness to the enemy and will destabilize the people of the Huaihe River and Hanshui River. Liu Bei and Sun Quan are close friends at home. Now that Guan Yu is old, Sun Quan must be even more unhappy. Tell Sun Quan about this, and let him contain Guan Yu and Fan Cheng's siege. " According to his plan, Cao Cao sent Monroe to attack the public security, and Guan Yu was captured and killed by him. [8]

Taking advantage of the conflict between Sun and Liu for Jingzhou and making full use of diplomatic strategy, this battle not only defeated Guan Yu's powerful offensive and lifted the siege of Fancheng, but also made Zhuge Liang's original plan of hitting Wanluo and Qinchuan with double-sided pliers impossible. More importantly, it destroyed the alliance between Sun and Liu, changed the strategic pattern at that time and gained the initiative. Later, Cao Cao thought that the adherents of Jingzhou and the soldiers and civilians who settled in Yingchuan were close to the bandits in the south and wanted to drive them away. Sima Yi believes: "Jingchu is light, easy to move, and difficult to decide. Guan Yu is newly broken, and everyone hides to see the wicked. Those who move to their goodness today not only hurt their aspirations, but also make those who leave dare not return. " Cao Cao took his advice and did not emigrate. Previously, all the people who had escaped from hiding had returned to China for naturalization. [9]

In the first year of Yankang (220), Cao Cao died, and the ruling and opposition parties were in danger. Sima Yi manages the funeral, both inside and outside. In the same year, Cao Pi acceded to the throne as Wei, and Sima Yi was appointed as the Hou of Hejin Pavilion and transferred to the post of Prime Minister. At that time, Sun Quan was leading an army to the West. Courtiers believe that Fancheng and Xiangyang are short of food and unable to resist Wu Jun. Please call garrison commander Coss back to Wancheng. Sima Yi said: "Sun Quan has just defeated Guan Yu, and it is precisely when he wants to have a good relationship with Wei that he should not be afraid of causing trouble. Xiangyang is the main road of land and water transportation and cannot give up. " Cao Pi refused to listen and ordered Coss to set fire to the two cities. Later, Sun Quan did not come to invade. Cao Pi regretted it too late. [ 10]

Help the government calm down the chaos.

In November of the first year of Huang Chu (220), Cao Pi acceded to the throne, known as Wei Wendi in history. After Sima Yi acceded to the throne, he was appointed as Shangshu, and soon transferred to overseer, suggestion and Zhong Cheng, and was appointed as the Hou of Anguo Township.

In the second year of Huang Chu (22 1), he was removed from the position of overseer and promoted to the right servant of the assistant minister and minister. In the fifth year of Huang San (222) (224), Cao Pi conquered Wu twice, Sima Yi was the commander of Xuchang, and Sima Yi was renamed the Hou of Xiangxiang.

In February of the sixth year of Huang Chu (225), he was transferred to the general of the government army, and led the troops with 5,000 troops, which recorded the history. When Sima Yi resigned, Cao Pi said, "I am working day and night in ordinary affairs without a moment's rest. This is not pride, but sorrow. " In the same year, Cao Pi attacked Wu with a large-scale water army, and still ordered Sima Yi to stay behind. "The town people provide troops outside." Before he left, he wrote a letter to Sima Yi, which said, "I am deeply worried about my future, so I want to appoint you. Although Cao Can has made meritorious military service, Xiao He is the most important. I don't have to worry about the west! " Later, Cao Pi returned to Luoyang from Guangling and wrote a letter to Sima Yi: "My east and government troops should be the general manager of western affairs; I am the west, and Fu Jun is the general manager of Dong. " So Sima Yi stayed in Xuchang. [ 1 1]

In May of the seventh year of Huang Chu (226), Cao Pi died at the age of forty. On his deathbed, Sima Yi, general Cao Zhen of Zhong Jun, general Chen Qun of Zhenjun and general Cao Xiu of Zhengdong were appointed as ministers of Fuzheng. Cao Pi said to Prince Cao Chui, "Don't doubt the existence of these three officials." Cao Chui acceded to the throne, changing Sima Yi to Wuyang Hou. After learning of his death, Sun Quan sent troops to attack Wei in August. Zhu Gejin and Zhang Ba were ordered to attack Xiangyang in two ways, and personally led the army to attack Jiangxia County. Sima Yi repelled Sun Quan, defeated Zhu Gejin, killed Zhang Ba and beheaded more than 1,000 people. [12] 12, promoted to a title of generals in ancient times. [ 1 1]

Take Mengda alive.

In June of the first year of Taihe (227), Cao Rui and Wei Mingdi ordered Sima Yi to be stationed in Wancheng, and Jing and Yuzhou military forces added. When Meng Da, the general of Shu, was sent to Wei, Wei was very friendly to him. Sima Yi thinks that his words and deeds are clever and cannot be trusted. But Cao Rui didn't listen, and appointed Meng Da to lead the new town to be a satrap, a seal, and a holiday. After Cao Pi's death, Meng Da fell out of favor, and Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, secretly communicated with him in an attempt to rebel against Wei. Zhuge Liang was afraid that his words and deeds would be capricious and wanted to urge him to rebel quickly. Knowing that Taiwei had a contradiction with him, he sent Guo Mo to the imperial doctor to cheat and surrender, deliberately exposing the matter. Mengda heard the inside story and was anxious to arise. [13] After Shen Yi confided in Sima Yi, Sima Yi was afraid of his sudden attack and wrote him a letter to comfort him. The letter said: "The general abandoned Liu Bei and committed himself to the country. The state Committee appointed a general to fight for Shu. It can be said that he is deeply concerned. Shu people are stupid and wise, and they all hate generals. Zhuge Liang wanted to break each other, but there was no way to hear him. What the model says is not trivial. It is easy to know whether it is light enough to make it known. " [ 14]

Mengda was overjoyed and hesitant. Sima Yi secretly led the army to discuss. When people saw the handover between Mengda and Wu Shu, they advised Sima Yi to watch before moving. Sima Yi said, "If you don't believe, you will doubt, and if you doubt, you will decide." Sima Yi personally led the army to crusade against Mengda day and night, and arrived at the gate of the new town in eight days. Wu and Shu led troops to save Mengda, but Sima Yi stopped them in Mulan, Xicheng. Earlier, Zhuge Liang had warned Mengda to take preventive measures. Mengda wrote to Zhuge Liang and said, "Wancheng is 800 miles away from Luoyang, and 1,200 miles away from me. It takes less than a month to go back and forth. By that time, my city had been repaired and all the troops were ready. The place where I am stationed is deep and dangerous, and Sima Gong will not come in person. Other departments will not worry about it in the future. " On the eighth day, Sima Yi pre-empted, Enemy at the Gates. Meng Da wrote to Zhuge Liang and said, "I will arrive on the eighth day." [15] Shangyong City is surrounded by water on three sides, and Mengda set up a wooden fence outside the city to reinforce the Yugoslav capital. Sima yi crossed the water and destroyed his fence to the city gate. In the first month of the second year of Taihe (228), Sima Bing attacked the city in eight ways. Only 16 days later, Meng Da's nephews Deng Xian and Li Fu surrendered in Kaesong. Wei Jun entered the city, captured and beheaded Mengda, and sent him to the capital to capture more than 10,000 people. Sima yi returned to the army to stay in Wancheng, rewarding farming and mulberry, and prohibiting waste. Southern officials and people fully believe. [ 16]

At first, Shen Yi looked forward to playing politics in Weixing County, engraving and printing imperial edicts in the name of the emperor without authorization, and awarding them privately. After Mengda was killed, Shen Yi became suspicious. At that time, the county chiefs saw that Sima Yi had defeated the enemy and offered gifts to congratulate them. Sima Yi let go and let people hint to Shen Yi. Shenyi had to come to congratulate. Sima Yi took the opportunity to arrest him and send him to Beijing. Sima Yi moved more than 7,000 households in Meng Dayu to Youzhou. Soon, Jing Yao, Zheng Tuo and others led his men to surrender. At that time, the border county was newly attached, and the household registration was fake. The court asked for a certificate and asked Sima Yi to go to Beijing for advice. Sima Yi thought, "The thief was bound by a dense net, so he abandoned it. Hongyi's outline is natural and happy. "

Wei Mingdi also asked him where Wu Shu should start the Crusades. Sima Yi replied, "Wu dares to live in Dongguan because China has never studied water warfare. Anyone who attacks the enemy will choke him by the throat and beat his heart. Xiakou and Dongguan are the hearts and throats of thieves. If the army leads its strength to Anhui city and the water war army leads it to Xiakou, it will attack it by taking advantage of its weakness. This magic soldier will fall from the sky and be broken. " Wei Mingdi agreed with him and ordered him to return to Wancheng to prepare for the war. [17] In August, A Fu Cao Xiu went to Wancheng to see Zhou Fu, a general who had faked his surrender, and was ambushed by Lu Xun. He was defeated and Cao Xiu died of illness. [ 18]

Anti-Shu Northern Expedition

In the third year of Taihe (229), Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, sent troops to attack Wei for the third time and occupied Wudu and two counties. In the fourth year of Taihe (230), he decided to attack Shu. Sima Yi was promoted to general, commander-in-chief, and false, and together with Zhen, he cut Shu. In August, Cao Zhen was ordered to lead the main force from Chang 'an to Ziwu Valley, general Zhang He from left, and Sima Yi from Jingzhou to Hanshui to Xicheng, and the soldiers attacked Hanzhong in three ways. Sima Yi opened a road from Xicheng, went hand in hand with land and water, went upstream along Mianshui River, took Ren Yao directly, conquered Xinfeng County, and stationed in Kou Dan. In case of heavy rain, he dispatched troops.

In February of the fifth year of Taihe (23 1), Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu Han, led the army in and out for the fourth time.

Related activity map

Related Campaign Maps (2)

Attack Wei, surround Qishan Jia Si and Wei Ping's department, and transport grain and grass with wooden cattle and horses. Wei Mingdi said to Sima Yi: "The war in the southwest border is tight, and there is nothing to deal with except you." So he sent him to Chang 'an in the west, Zhang He, the commander of the left, and Guo Huai, the secretariat of Yongzhou, to guard the Shu army. Sima Yi left Feiyao and Dai Ling to guard the funeral procession with 4,000 people and led the main force to save Qishan in the west. Zhang He advised Sima Yi to divide his troops and station in Yong and Yan as the rear important towns of the army. Sima Yi disagreed. He said: "It is expected that the former army can be independent, and the general is right. If you can't do it, you can divide it into two parts. This is why the three armies of Chu are all Qing Bu birds. " So he advanced to the elk and fought against Zhuge Liang.

In the first year of Qinglong (233), Hu Bo, an adult of the Xiongnu, rebelled and Sima Yi sent Hu Zun and others to recover and break down. [12] After the Shu army retreated, the military strategist Du Hewu and the military commander Xue Xudu predicted that Zhuge Liang would invade the next year when the wheat was ripe. It is suggested that grain and grass should be transported in winter to solve the problem of grain shortage in Longyou. Sima Yi said: "Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan twice and attacked Chencang once, but he was frustrated twice. Even if we will send troops in the future, we will no longer attack the city, but seek a field battle in Longdong, not in the west. Zhuge Liang often hates the lack of food, and when he goes back, he will certainly accumulate food and grass. I estimate that he will not send troops after three years. " [ 19]

Against Wuzhangyuan

In February of the second year of Qinglong (234), Zhuge Liang led a hundred thousand troops to attack Wei. In April, Zhuge Liang arrived in Yan County and stationed in the south of Weishui. Sima Yi led the army across the Wei River and built a water barrier. The generals want to be separated from Zhuge Liang in Weibei. Sima Yi said, "All the grain and property accumulated by the people are in Weinan, which is a battleground for military strategists." Then cross the Weihe River and camp. After analyzing the situation, Sima Yi said to the generals: "All the grain, grass and food saved by the people are in Weinan, which is a battleground for military strategists." [20] Sima Yi was stationed in Weinan at that time. Guo Huai estimated that Zhuge Liang would definitely compete for the northern plain and advocated preemption. He said: "If Zhuge Liang crosses the Weihe River and lands on the northern plain, he can even meet up in Beishan, cut off the Dragon Road and scare his subjects and conference semifinals. This is a huge disaster for national security. " Many people disagreed, but Sima Yi agreed to let Guo Huai station troops in the north. [2 1] The trench was not repaired, and the Shu army was attacked on all sides, and Wei Jun fought back. Soon, Zhuge Liang led an army to the west, and all the people thought Zhuge Liang wanted to go west. Guo Huai thinks that Zhuge Liang's bluff is to make Wei Jun respond with great fanfare, and the goal is Yang Sui. At night, the Shu army really attacked Yangsui, but Zhuge Liang failed because of the early preparedness in the city. [22] In May, 100,000 Wu Jun attacked Wei and cooperated with Shu Han Army, which was rejected by Man Chong. In July, Wei Mingdi personal expedition, Wu Jun withdrawing troops. The ministers thought that Sima Yi was still facing Zhuge Liang in the west, and the coachman could enjoy himself in Chang 'an in the west. Wei Mingdi said: "If I have the right to break my courage, I am not worried." Zhuge Liang's eastward advance was blocked by Sima Yi, who advanced from Weishui and was blocked by Guo Huai. Instead, he moved troops to capture Sanguan, Longcheng and other places and returned to attack Sima Yi.

In August, Sima Yi held a stalemate with Zhuge Liang for more than 100 days with the instruction of "keeping a firm wall and refusing to keep it, waiting for merit". Zhuge Liang challenged several times, but Sima Yi couldn't get out of the wall, waiting for a change. Zhuge Liang sent someone to send Sima Yi "A Woman's Adornment". He wanted to inspire Sima Yi to play, but Sima Yi still refused to play. In order to calm the dissatisfaction of my subordinates, I pretended to be angry. I went to the table and asked for a good fight. Wei Mingdi is not allowed to send Xin Pi, the minister of orthopedics, as Sima Yi's strategist to control his actions. Zhuge Liang will challenge, Sima Yi will lead troops to attack, and Xin Pi's staff will stand at the military gate, so Sima Yi will not send troops. Jiang Wei, the general of Shu, said to Zhuge Liang, "Xin Pi has arrived with a scepter, but the thief will not return it." Zhuge Liang said, "He has no feelings of war, so he invited soldiers to his ear to show his strength. I will be in the army, and your life will not be affected. If you can control me, how can you fight evil thousands of miles away! " [23] Zhuge Liang then divided his troops and settled the field, preparing to be stationed for a long time. Sima Fu, Sima Yi's younger brother, also wrote to ask about the military situation at the front. Sima Yi wrote back: "If you are ambitious, you will not see opportunities. More plans, fewer decisions. If you are a good soldier, you have no right. Although you have raised a hundred thousand soldiers, you will fall into my painting and will be broken. "

Soon, Zhuge Liang sent messengers to fight. Sima Yi did not talk about military affairs and asked the envoy, "How did Zhuge Gong live and eat? How many meters can he eat in a meal? " The messenger said, "Three or four liters." Then, when asked about political affairs, the emissary said, "Zhuge Gong personally read and approved all the punishments for beating more than 20 sticks." Sima Yi made a casual inquiry and said to people, "Zhuge Liang is going to die." Sure enough, Zhuge Liang died in Zhang Wuyuan's army that month. Shu will not send out obituaries, and the whole army will retreat. The local people came to report, and Sima Yi sent troops to pursue it. Shu general Yang Yi returned the flag and beat the drum to fight back. Sima Yi withdrew his troops by "not chasing". At that time, someone said, "Zhuge died, Zhong Dasheng." Sima Yi laughed and said, "This is because I am good at predicting the living, but not at predicting people's life and death." The next day, Sima Yi came to Zhuge Liang's camp and praised Zhuge Liang as a "genius in the world". [24]

Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, which lasted for seven years, ended. Zhuge Liang stormed Cao Wei, who dominated the Central Plains with one state. Even if he tries his best to show loyalty and wisdom, his strategic goal is difficult to achieve because of the disparity in strength. Cao Wei, under the correct command of Sima Yi, Cao Zhen and others, adopted the defensive strategy of superior forces, which forced the Shu army to retreat one after another and won the final victory. After withdrawing from the army, Shu Han generals Yang Yi and Wei Yan fought for power and profit, and Yang Yi killed Wei Yan. Sima Yi wanted to attack Shu, but Wei Mingdi refused to give up.

In the third year of Qinglong (235), Sima Yi was promoted to Qiu, and the number of feudal cities increased. Ma Dai was invaded by Shu, and Sima Yi sent Taurus to meet them, killing more than a thousand Shu soldiers. King Shuang Fu and Duan Qiang of Wudu led more than 6,000 people to surrender. [25]

Pingding Liaodong

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, warlords scuffled and Gongsun Du occupied Liaodong. This separatist force has always rebelled against Cao Wei and maintained a semi-independent position. After Gongsun Yuan became a satrap of Liaodong, he was even more presumptuous towards Wei. Wei Mingdi was furious, and sent the secretariat of Jingzhou as the secretariat of Youzhou. Liaohe River rises, Qiu Jian is unfavorable, and it is returned. Without Qiu Jian's crusade, Gongsun Yuan was even more proud. In the first year of Jingchu (237), Gongsun Yuan, the former governor of Liaodong, betrayed Wei, established himself as the prince of Yan, made an official list, and made his capital Xiangping. [12] Yuan sent an envoy to Sun Quan in Nantong to worship the border people, lure Xianbei and invade the north. [26]

In the first month of the second year of Jingchu (238), Wei Mingdi recalled Sima Yi and ordered him to lead a crusade. Wei Mingdi asked him what he wanted Gongsun Yuan to do, and Sima Yi said, "It's better to abandon the city and flee. Using Liao water to resist our army is the second plan. Sitting in Xiang Ping, he is a prisoner. " Wei Mingdi asked again, "Which one will Gongsun Yuan adopt?" Sima Yi replied: "Only smart people can correctly measure each other's strength. Abandoning the city in advance is not something Gongsun Yuan can do. He will surely think that our solo expedition won't last long. Resist in Liaoshui first, and then retreat to Xiangping. This is a trap and a trap. " Wei Mingdi asked, "How long does it take to get there?" Sima Yi said, "Go for a hundred days, return for a hundred days, attack for a hundred days, and rest for sixty days. One year is enough. " When leaving, relatives and friends sent each other away, and Sima Yi wrote a song with emotion: "The heavens and the earth opened, and the sun and the moon shone again. Bi Li is far away from you when you meet an international conference. Will sweep away the filth and return to their hometown. Eliminate Wan Li, a total of eight famine. Admit that you are old and wait for sin to dance. " [27] In the first month, Sima Yi led Jinniu and Hu Zun to ride 40,000 steps, starting from the capital, crossing solitary bamboo and Jieshi, and entering Liaoshui in June. Gongsun Yuan really urged North Yan and other generals to ride tens of thousands in one step, and cut a moat for more than 20 miles in accordance with the Liaohe River, and built a high wall to block Wei Jun. Sima Yi used a diversion strategy. First, several flags were erected on the southern line to pretend to attack the moat to attract the enemy's main force, but they crossed the Liaohe River with the main force and matched the enemy's Xiangping camp. The Ministry of Magic doesn't understand why. Sima Yi said: "The enemy's purpose in setting up high bases is to deprive our soldiers of food. If we attack the city, it will be our plan. The ancients said that although the enemy is on a high base, those who fight side by side with us will be saved if they attack all of them. Now their army is here, but their nest is empty. When I refer to Xiangping, the enemy will be afraid, afraid of war and will be broken. " Then regroup, and the enemy really came out to intercept. Sima Yi said to the generals, "The reason why I didn't attack his camp is to wait and see." So he directed Wei Jun to bash and win all three wars, and then pushed him into the encirclement of Xiangping. [28]

When Sun Yuan heard about Wei Jun's attack, he turned to Sun Quan for help. Sun Quan also sent troops to support and wrote to Gongsun Yuan: "Sima Yishan is deeply worried about his good brothers." It coincides with the continuous rainstorm, the Liaohe River is soaring and the ground is several feet. Wei Jun was afraid, and people wanted to move camp. Sima Yi ordered those who dared to speak to move to camp and behead them, and the commander-in-chief ordered Zhang Jing to disobey orders and behead them, so that the morale of the army began to be secure. The palace army rode out of the city in the rain, firewood and horses, but as cool as a cucumber. General Wei asked for an attack, but Sima Yi refused. Sima Chen Gui asked Sima Yi, "When we attacked Shang Yong in those days, the eight roads kept pace with each other, traveling day and night, and Mengda was captured in ten days and a half. This time, I came from afar, why is it slower? " Sima Yi said: "At that time, there were very few troops in Mengda, and food could last for one year. Our soldiers have four times as much food as Mengda, but less than a month. How can an army with food for a month not make a quick decision? Even if half of the people are killed or injured, it is feasible. At that time, casualties were not considered, just to buy time for limited food and grass. Now there are more enemy soldiers than our army, and the enemy has less food, more food and heavy rain, so it is impossible to fight quickly. From the beginning of sending troops, I was not worried that the enemy would attack, but that they would run away. Now that the enemy has run out of food and grass, our army has not yet encircled. If we rob cattle and horses now, we will force them to escape. Soldiers are cunning and good things will happen. They now rely on a large population and floods. Although they are hungry and sleepy, they are unwilling to catch them. At this time, it is even more necessary to stabilize each other and not scare the enemy away for small profits. " Sima yi played along and deliberately showed weakness. The imperial court heard that rain was a strong enemy, and many people asked Sima Yi to return. Wei Mingdi said: "Sima Yi is in danger, and it is just around the corner to capture Gongsun Yuan alive." [29]

After a month, the rain stopped and the water gradually receded. Wei Jun completed the siege of Xiangping and stormed day and night. There was no food in the city, and there were many dead people, so they sent Zuo Yang and others down. Occasionally, meteors pass from southwest to northeast and land near Liangshui, which makes the city more and more frightened. Gongsun Yuan was scared, too. In August, Prime Minister Wang Jian and physician Liu Fu were sent to clear the way and bind them. Sima Yi beheaded the messenger and denounced: "In the past, Chu and Zheng were juxtaposed countries, and Zheng met the Chu army shirtless. Being alone is the minister of the king, a public official, and wants me to get out of the way and treat me as Chu and Zheng. They are old and confused. They must have sent a message that didn't match their original intention, and they have been beheaded. If you still have something to say, you can send a young, wise and decisive person. " Gongsun Yuan sent Shi Zhong Wei to demand the timely delivery of hostages. Sima Yi said to him: "There are five things in a war: you can fight in a war, you can't fight in a defense, you can't keep it when you walk, and the other two things are only surrender and death. If Gongsun Yuan refuses to accept the crime and is determined to die, there is no need to send any hostages. " Gongsun Yuan wanted to break the south of the city, Sima Yi was defeated, and Gongsun Yuan died at the water's edge of Liang River. After Sima Yi entered the city, he slaughtered more than 7,000 men 15 years old, collected the bodies and built the Beijing Temple. Gongsun Yuan was beheaded as a public official, killing more than 2,000 people, including General Bi Sheng. Absorb 40 thousand people.

Sima Yi released Gongsun, who was usurped by Gongsun Yuan, and built graves for Lunzhi, Jia Fan and others persecuted by Gongsun Yuan in recognition of their descendants. The order said, "In ancient times, we crusaded against a country and only killed those who were stubborn and fierce. All the people who are dragged down by Gongsun Yuan, forgive them. If the Central Plains people are willing to return to their hometowns, they will follow their own wishes. " [30] At that time, there were soldiers in Sima Yi's army who suffered from cold and asked for short clothes. Sima Yi refused to give them, saying, "Officials are selfless." So he went to the imperial court and sent 1000 soldiers over 60 to their hometown. In the first year, the department was successfully relocated. Send messengers to Hebei to reward the army in the two counties around * * * and increase Sima Yi's grain in Kunyang County. For decades, the Liaodong problem in Cao Wei period was finally completely solved. [3 1]

Ming Di entrust an orphan

It turned out that the court let Sima Yi take the service road leading to Zhenguan. But when he arrived at the White House, a letter told him to hurry back to Beijing. Within three days, five letters were received. Wei Mingdi wrote in calligraphy: "When I look from the side, I go straight into the cupboard and look at my face." It is said that Sima Yi once dreamed that Wei Mingdi was resting on his leg and said, "Look at my face." He looked down and saw that Wei Mingdi had different colors. Now I am shocked to see the words of the imperial edict. I took the car chasing the front all day and night, from the White House to the capital, more than 400 miles, and arrived overnight. Then he went to the imperial bed in Jiafu hall, full of tears, and asked about his illness. Wei Mingdi took his hand, looked at the prince and the king of Qi, and said, "We will trust each other in the future. I can't bear to die, and I will treat you to death, so there is nothing hateful to meet you. " ("Reflection? Shu Wei? "Ming Di Ji" wrote, "I am very ill, and the rest will be yours. You and Shuang Fu have no children. I must see you, there is nothing hateful. " )[ 12]

On the same day, Wei Mingdi passed away. It was the first month of the year 239 (the third year of Jing). Cao Fang, the king of Qi, was only eight years old, and Sima Yi accepted the testamentary edict with the general Cao Shuang to assist the young master. The King of Qi acceded to the throne, Sima Yi served as a servant, held festivals, supervised Chinese and foreign troops, and recorded the affairs of ministers. Cao Shuang was a good soldier of three thousand departments, and * * * presided over state affairs.

Cao Shuang wanted to crowd out Sima Yi, wanted Shangshu to fight ahead of time, so as to be authoritarian, and advised the emperor to appoint Sima Yi as Fu. The courtiers thought that many former Fu died in office, which was unlucky, so they appointed Sima Yi as a teacher with no real power. Like Xiao He, he refused to enter the temple, praised him and went to the temple with his sword. [32]

Retreat the enemy and enlist Wu.

In April of the second year of Zhengshi (24 1), Wu Quan divided his forces and attacked Wei in four ways: General Wei led tens of thousands of troops out of Huainan, General Zhuge Ke from Weibei attacked Lu 'an, former General Zhu Ran attacked Fancheng and General Zuzhong. In May, Quan Cong, the general of the State of Wu, invaded less, Zhu Ran and Sun Lun besieged Fancheng, and Bu Zhi invaded and looted. Sima Yi invited soldiers to beg. Courtiers believed that the enemy soldiers attacked the enemy from far away, and when they gave up on themselves, Sima Yi said: "The border town was invaded by the enemy, and the minister sat in the temple, which would make the battlefield turbulent and confuse the people. This is a major concern of the country. " In June, Sima Yi joined forces to reinforce the army. Sima Yi knew that the south was hot and humid, and the army should not stay long. He started with a chess challenge, but Zhu Ran didn't dare to move. So, he adjusted the soil pawn. Select elites, recruit soldiers, issue orders, and pose as siege. Wu Jun was frightened and retreated overnight. In Sanyoukou (Beijing, Henan, Yang), Wu Jun's army was wiped out by more than 10,000 people, and the ship suffered great material losses. Wu Jun, who attacked Lu 'an and Zhangzhou, also failed. [33] In July, Jia Sima Yi ate food in Linying, four counties before and after * * *, and ten thousand households in the food city. Eleven children have all been lined up. Sima yi's exploits are getting bigger and bigger, but even more humble. Sima Yi thinks Taichang Chang Lin is an elder from the same town, so he always pays a visit when he sees him. I often tell my children: "satiety is the taboo of Taoism." If I go back and forth in spring, summer, autumn and winter, how can I live in this high position? " Impairment and impairment, or you can avoid disaster! " [34]

Previously, Zhuge Ke was sent to Wancheng by the State of Wu, and the border people were deeply bitter. Sima Yi wanted to lead an army to attack it. The discussant thought that Zhuge Ke had occupied a strong city with a wide grain valley and attacked alone, and reinforcements would come. He was in a dilemma and didn't see it. Sima Yi said, "What thieves are good at is water warfare. Now I'm going to attack the city and see how it changes. If thieves use their strengths and abandon the city, this is our predetermined purpose. If the thief dares to hold on to the city, the lake is shallow in winter and the boat can't walk, the rescuers will abandon the boat and go ashore for rescue. This will be beneficial to us. " [35]

Force.

In the first month of the first year of Jiaping (249), Cao Fang, the Wei Emperor, left Luoyang to visit the tombs of Gao Ping Ling, General Cao Shuang and China leader Cao Sima Yi.