9, dangerous chemicals units shall formulate their own emergency rescue plan, equipped with emergency rescue personnel and necessary emergency rescue equipment, equipment, and organize regular drills. 10, the emergency rescue plan for hazardous chemical accidents shall be reported to the department of the Municipal People's Government responsible for the comprehensive work of hazardous chemical safety supervision and management for the record. 1 1. In the event of a dangerous chemical accident, the main person in charge of the unit shall immediately organize rescue according to the emergency rescue plan formulated by the unit, and immediately report to the local department responsible for the comprehensive safety supervision and management of dangerous chemicals and the public security, environmental protection, quality inspection and other departments. Second, the use of drugs safety operating procedures 1. Any operation that can produce toxic gas and irritating gas should be carried out in a fume hood. These gases are: carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, carbon disulfide, chlorine, iodine, sulfur dioxide, manganese oxide, nitrogen dioxide and so on. 2. When toxic substances are tested, you must wear work clothes, masks or masks and gloves, and wash your hands after the test. Eating and smoking are forbidden during the exam. 3. All used solutions containing toxic substances must be safely treated by the test staff after reaching the discharge standard, then poured into the sewer, and then carefully cleaned the instruments and workplaces. 4, staff hands, face, skin damaged, no toxic substances, especially hydride operation. 5, all toxic drugs and solutions should be poured into the waste liquid box, it is strictly prohibited to directly discharged into the sewage system. After safe treatment and reaching the discharge standard, it should be poured into the sewer and washed with water. 6. It is forbidden to use any container to hold drinks and other foods in the laboratory. 7, when dealing with unknown drugs, are not allowed to taste with your mouth. If you smell it, you can use your palm to incite your face to smell it on the surface of the drug. 8, toxic liquid, production sewage or other corrosive liquid sampling, are not allowed to use mouth suction, can only use a straw. 9. Precautions when using mercury: (1) Glassware containing mercury should be solid. (2) The surface of the mercury container should be coated with glycerol. The dirty water is covered with a layer of dirty water; (3) When mercury may come into direct contact with the atmosphere, it is forbidden to cover the surface with other substances. A glass tube filled with active manganese dioxide should be connected between mercury and the atmosphere; (4) Mercury containers should be placed in metal trays. When mercury overflows the ground, it should be poured to death or soaked in high-mirror acid brocade solution;
(5) The recovery of silver from dirty water can be treated with 10% nitric acid (the concentration is not allowed to be higher) in a fume hood, and washed with water for 3-4 times after separation. Absorb with filter paper first, and then vacuum dry for about two hours. Heating is not allowed to be used for evaporation. 10. Pay special attention to safety when encountering the following toxic substances: mercury and mercury salts; Lead salts and lead; Arsenide and arsenic; Cyanide; White phosphorus and phosphine; Fluoride; Carbon disulfide; Chlorates of potassium, sodium and ammonia; Complex compounds; All organic compounds. Three, the use of strong acid, strong alkali and corrosive drugs safety operation procedures 1, handling and using corrosive drugs such as strong acid, strong alkali and bromine. Wear rubber gloves, aprons, glasses and deep rubber shoes. 2. Before handling acid and alkali, carefully check the following items: (1) the strength of the shipping equipment; (2) Whether the container containing acid or alkali is sealed; (2) Whether the position of the container is fixed and stable; (4) When handling, no one is allowed to carry the container. 3. When transferring acid-base solution, use siphon instead of funnel to prevent acid-base solution from overflowing; 4, acid, alkali or other corrosive liquid, it is forbidden to directly absorb with the mouth, if there is no aspirator available measuring cylinder. 5. When opening containers containing corrosive solutions such as bromine, hydrogen peroxide, hydrofluoric acid and ammonia water, they should be cooled with water before opening. When opening a bottle, the bottle mouth is not allowed to point at people. 6. When diluting acid (especially sulfuric acid), slowly inject acid while stirring cold water. It is forbidden to inject water into acid. 7. When taking alkali metals and their hydroxides and oxides, you must take them with tweezers or a magnetic spoon. 8. Waste acid and waste alkali must be poured into a special jar. Cylinders should be kept in a safe place. 9, such as corrosive substances contact with the skin, should immediately rinse with plenty of water. 10. Strong corrosive substances are: bromine and bromine water; Nitric acid; Sulfuric acid; Wang shui; Hydrofluoric acid; Acidic solution; Hydrocyanic acid; Phosphorus pentoxide; Phosphoric acid; Potassium hydroxide; Sodium hydroxide; Sodium hydroxide; Glacial acetic acid; Phosphorus; Silver nitrate; Hydrochloric acid IV. Safety operation procedures for the use of flammable materials 1, which are not allowed to be placed near open flames and test areas. 2. There should be no open flames around the flammable items; Burning gas lamps (alcohol lamps), matches and others; 3. Attention should be paid to substances that are easy to catch fire for distillation or sublimation: (1) It is not allowed to be heated by naked light, but it can be heated by water (oil) bath, electric heating plate or electric sand bath, and there should be no naked light around it;
(2) The test instrument should be tightly airtight; (3) There should be a metal tray under the steamer (the side height is 80-100 mm); (4) The workplace should be well ventilated, and flammable materials should not be placed around it. (5) Wear glasses at work. 4. The total amount of flammable items stored in the laboratory shall not exceed three kilograms, and each item shall not exceed one kilogram. Take it with you and send it back to a special storage place after use. 5. Substances (such as yellow phosphorus, sodium peroxide, metallic sodium, potassium, etc.). ) It is easy to catch fire in case of water, and it is forbidden to throw it into the waste bucket. All substances that can cause fire (such as waste oil, waste organic solvents, etc.) should be concentrated in special containers and placed in safe places, and are not allowed to be placed at will. 6, in the event of a fire accident, should first remove all heat sources, turn off the gas and switch, and then cover the fire with sand or asbestos cloth or use carbon tetrachloride and other fire extinguishers to put out the fire. Except alcohol, chemicals are on fire, and water is not allowed to put out the fire. 7. Always check the fire prevention equipment: fire extinguishers, yellow sand, asbestos and felt. 8, heating, steaming and other work related to the use of fire, should have the specialist is responsible for the management, are not allowed to leave, turn off the heat source after use. 9, flammable, especially volatile flammable, should be stored in a closed container, are not allowed to use open container storage without a cover. 10. Flammable substances are: alcohols; Ethers; Acetone; Benzene; Toluene; Phenol; Gasoline; Carbon disulfide; Phosphorus; Sodium peroxide; Metal potassium, sodium, magnesium, etc. ; Calcium carbide. 1 1. When distillation, purification or evaporation experiments must be heated with open flame, the amount of distillate shall not exceed 100 ml each time, and flammable materials are not allowed to be stored nearby, and fire prevention measures should be taken at the same time. V. Safety operation rules for using explosives 1, measures to prevent explosion caused by internal and external pressure difference: (1) Carefully check all instruments used for vacuum operation for cracks. Do not use cracked instruments. (2) Before use, check whether the vacuum degree of the container is high enough. During the inspection, the container should be wrapped with cloth. 2. When using oxygen, it should be noted that: (1) oxygen cylinders shall not collide or collide. Don't roll the lucky bottle on people's backs or underground. There should be fixed measures for standing use. Don't open your mouth to people as soon as you open your mouth. (2) Oxygen cylinders should not be placed near electric furnaces and heating, or in places exposed to sunlight. Smoking is prohibited near oxygen cylinders;
(3) Oxygen cylinders must have a pressure reducing valve to use; (4) Oxygen cylinders, oxygen meters and conduits are prohibited from contacting with oil substances. 3, explosive drugs (sodium peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, concentrated perchloric acid, etc. ), there is only a small part in the laboratory. And it should be kept in a dry and cool place. 4. Contact between concentrated sulfuric acid and crystalline potassium permanganate is prohibited. 5. It is forbidden to grind potassium chlorate with organic matter. 6, it is forbidden to use organic grinding nitrate. Organic matter shall not be mixed with concentrated nitric acid and heated. 7. The dry powder of copper acetylene and silver acetylene is the most explosive. Therefore, at the end of the test, it was poured outdoors with the solution and buried with soil. 8. When using ether, first check whether there is peroxide. The method is as follows: put 10 ml ether in a test tube, add 1 ml newly prepared 10% potassium iodide solution, shake well and let stand for one minute. If the ether layer is yellow, you can't use this ether. Intransitive verb General operating procedures for hazardous chemicals 1. When preparing dilute sulfuric acid, it must be carried out in heat-resistant containers such as beakers and conical bottles, and concentrated sulfuric acid must be slowly added to water. When preparing aqua regia, nitric acid should be slowly injected into hydrochloric acid and stirred at any time with a glass rod. Reverse operation is not allowed. 2. All reagent bottle should be labeled with toxic drugs. 3. The dissolution of heating products such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide must be carried out in a heat-resistant container. 4, it is forbidden to reagent entrance. If you need to identify the reagent with your nose, put reagent bottle aside, stir it gently with your hands and smell it slightly. Do not approach the bottle mouth with your nose. The glass tube (rod) is broken, so a small groove must be made in the broken place with a steel shovel, and then the cloth is broken. When in use, the fracture surface should be smooth. When the glass tube (rod) is inserted into the rubber tube or rubber plug, a cloth pad should be inserted to prevent it from breaking and hurting hands. 6, it is forbidden to tableware and utensils mixed together or misappropriate each other. 7, explosive operation, shall not be carried out on people. Don't point the pot at people to avoid possible injuries in advance. Wear protective glasses or set protective baffles when necessary. 8, all toxic gas operations, must be carried out in the fume hood. When the ventilation device fails, it is forbidden to operate. 9. All solid insolubles and concentrated acids are strictly forbidden to be poured into the sink to prevent blockage and corrosion of the waterway. 10. When flammable materials are on your body or hands, clean them immediately and stay away from open flames. 1 1. When opening a large bottle of medicine, the gypsum must be sawed with a saw. Don't knock it open with anything else to avoid breaking the bottle.
12. The treated concentrated acid and concentrated alkali waste liquid must be discharged before being poured into the sink. All waste liquid, if it contains harmful substances exceeding the safety standards, should be treated first, and it is not allowed to be directly discharged into the sewage system. 13. High-temperature objects (such as hot plates or burnt-out burning pipes) should be placed in places where there will be no fire. 14. When taking off boiling water or solution, gently shake it with a beaker clamp before taking it off for use, so as to avoid sudden boiling and splashing when using it. 15, when using alcohol lamps and gas lamps, pay attention to colorless flame burns. Seven, laboratory safety operation procedures 1. 1, staff must wear clean work clothes during working hours. 1.2. All drugs, standard samples and solutions should be labeled. Never put anything that does not conform to the label into the container. 1.3. It is forbidden to use laboratory utensils to hold food, do not use teacups and tableware to hold medicines, and do not use beakers as tea sets. 1.4, toxic, corrosive, flammable and explosive articles should be properly kept, and a large number of them are not allowed to be stored in the laboratory. Should storage and use regulations be observed? Regulations on the safety management of hazardous chemicals? . 1.5. When diluting concentrated sulfuric acid, it must be carried out in a hard and heat-resistant beaker or conical flask. Concentrated sulfuric acid can only be slowly injected into water while stirring. When the temperature is too high, it should be cooled before continuing. It is forbidden to pour water into sulfuric acid. 1.6. Before opening the volatile liquid reagent, put reagent bottle in tap water and cool it for several minutes. When opening the bottle, don't point it at people. It's better to do it in a ventilated kitchen. 1.7, flammable solvent heating, must be carried out in a water bath or sand bath. 1.8. The containers containing highly corrosive, flammable, toxic or flammable items shall be cleaned by the operators themselves. 1.9. When moving and opening a large bottle of liquid medicine, the bottle should not be placed directly on the concrete floor. It is best to use blankets or straw mats. If it is packaged with gypsum, it can be opened after being softened with water. It is forbidden to slam and knock to prevent it from being broken. 1. 10. When taking off the boiling solution, shake it with a bottle clamp to avoid spilling and hurting people. 1. 1 1, glass rod, glass tube, thermometer, etc. When inserting or pulling out the hose, cotton cloth should be padded, and it is not allowed to be forcibly inserted or pulled out, so as not to break and stab people. 1. 12. Open the high-pressure gas cylinder slowly, and don't point the bottle at people. 1. 13. When toxic and corrosive gases such as HCN, NO2, H2S, SO2 and NH3 are released during drug preparation or inspection, it should be carried out in a ventilated kitchen. 1. 14, electricity consumption shall comply with safety regulations.
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Operating rules for safe production of hazardous chemicals
Operating rules for safe production of hazardous chemicals
I. General procedures
1. Hazardous chemicals include explosives, compressed and liquefied gases, flammable gases, flammable solids, spontaneous combustion and flammable materials when wet, oxidants and organic oxides, drugs and corrosive products.
2. Personnel engaged in the production, management, storage, transportation, use or disposal of hazardous chemicals in hazardous chemicals units must be trained in relevant laws, regulations, rules and safety knowledge, professional technology, occupational health protection and emergency rescue knowledge, and can only work at their posts after passing the examination.
3, dangerous chemicals production and storage enterprises, must meet the following conditions:
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(1) Having production technology, equipment or storage methods and facilities that meet national standards;
(two) the protective distance around the production site and warehouse meets the national standards or the relevant provisions of the state;
(3) Having managers and technicians who meet the needs of production or storage;
(4) Having sound safety management.