The most developed countries in the world are the United States and Japan, and the domestic pre-service education has not yet formed a good training system. In most countries, pre-service education generally begins after graduating from junior high school or high school. The training object is junior high school students or senior high school students. The purpose is to make them receive comprehensive professional ethics and vocational skills training and become workers with good professional ethics, knowledge and skills to meet the needs of the labor market.

European countries attach great importance to pre-vocational education and vocational training. Many young students voluntarily receive pre-vocational education or vocational training after graduating from junior high school and senior high school. The expenses of pre-vocational education or vocational training are generally borne by families or individuals. In terms of pre-service education, Germany, the United States and Austria have their own characteristics. Germany pays attention to secondary vocational training and is characterized by a dual-track system. The focus of the United States is higher vocational education, which is characterized by the diversification of vocational training institutions based on community colleges. Vocational education in Austria is also dominated by secondary vocational education, which is characterized by the combination of dual-track system and simulated company system. China's pre-service education and training is mainly aimed at college students and newcomers in the workplace.