First, the basic situation of geological environment monitoring institutions

1983,11June, according to the reply of the former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources (No.644 [1983]), the Environmental Geology General Station of Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources was established, with a staffing of 30 people, belonging to the enterprise establishment, and the unit level was the county regiment level, which was entrusted by the state to the former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources.

1990 according to the document No.432 of the former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, the Environmental Geological Station of Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources was renamed as Guangdong Geological Environmental Monitoring Station, and 30 staff members were determined. Their main duties are: to carry out monitoring, evaluation and research of geological environment in the whole province, and the nature, level, funding channels and establishment will remain unchanged after the name change. In June 2000, according to the document of Guangdong Geological Environment Monitoring Bureau [2000] 126, Guangdong Geological Environment Monitoring Station was classified as a department-level institution directly under the Guangdong Provincial Department of Land and Resources, with an approved staffing of 20 people. From June, 5438 to February, 2002, Guangdong Geological Environment Monitoring Station was approved by Guangdong Bureau [2002] No.33 1, and the personnel funds were changed to financial allocations, but the name, specifications, main tasks and staffing of the organization remained unchanged (Table1).

Table 1 Status of Geological Environment Monitoring Institutions and Teams in Guangdong Province

At present, Guangdong Geological Environment Monitoring Station has been established in the province, as well as Guangzhou, Meizhou, Heyuan, Shaoguan, Jieyang, Yangjiang, Zhaoqing, Shenzhen, Foshan, Maoming, Zhanjiang, Huizhou and Chaozhou 13 prefecture-level geological environment monitoring institutions. The province's geological environment monitoring institutions have 233 staff, specializing in the province's geological environment (groundwater, mine environment, geological relics protection, geothermal and mineral water, etc.). ) monitoring and geological disaster investigation, monitoring, early warning and forecasting, emergency disposal and other public welfare work, to provide technical support and organizational guarantee for land and resources management departments at all levels to perform their duties of geological environment management.

Deputy stationmaster, stationmaster Liao Yiliang, deputy stationmaster Yu.

The second is the construction of monitoring outlets.

(1) Construction of dynamic monitoring of groundwater environment

There are 14 national groundwater environmental monitoring points and 222 provincial groundwater environmental monitoring points in the province, with a total monitoring area of 3369km2. Dynamic monitoring of groundwater level and water quality in key areas such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Foshan, Zhaoqing, Maoming, Zhanjiang, etc., and establishment and management of groundwater environmental monitoring database in the whole province provide scientific basis for rational development and utilization of groundwater and emergency water supply in the whole province. Submit 19302 groundwater environmental monitoring data every year, regularly compile Guangdong Groundwater Information Bulletin, Guangdong Groundwater Environmental Dynamic Monitoring Emergency Plan, Guangdong Groundwater Environmental Monitoring Annual Report and Guangdong Groundwater Environmental Bulletin, and provide groundwater environmental information services to the public in a timely manner. The basic situation of groundwater environmental monitoring in Guangdong Province in 2007 is shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Summary of Groundwater Environmental Monitoring in Guangdong Province in 2007

sequential

(2) Geological disaster monitoring and construction

The province attaches great importance to the monitoring, forecasting and early warning of geological disasters, and has established 238 major geological disaster monitoring points, which effectively strengthened the forecasting and early warning of geological disasters in flood season and played an important role in effectively reducing casualties and property losses and accelerating emergency response. According to statistics, since the provincial meteorological forecast and early warning of geological disasters was officially launched on May 6, 2004, up to 2008, * * * has released 22 early warning products of grade 3 or above, successfully predicted geological disasters 452 times, avoided casualties of 4 1372 people, and effectively reduced direct economic losses of 355.39 million yuan. At present, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shaoguan, Meizhou, Yangjiang, Foshan, Qingyuan and other cities have carried out meteorological forecasting and early warning of geological disasters.

(three) to carry out the investigation and zoning of geological disasters in counties (cities), and to establish a monitoring network for group monitoring and prevention.

By the end of 2008, the investigation and zoning of geological disasters in mountainous counties (cities, districts) in10 had been completed in the whole province, with an investigation area of124,000 km2 and more than 6,500 geological disasters, including 655 threatened places, with more than one threatened population 100. A four-level geological disaster monitoring network consisting of counties (cities), towns (townships), villages and threatened personnel has been basically established.

(four) to carry out the investigation and management of mine geological environment.

In 2005, the investigation of mine geological environment in Guangdong Province was completed, and 2485 main mines in the province were investigated, and the "Investigation and Evaluation Report of Mine Geological Environment in Guangdong Province" was compiled. In 2006, the mine environmental protection and management plan was completed, and in 2007, the Ministry of Land and Resources organized experts to review and approve it. By the end of 2007, monitoring of mine geological environment had been carried out in 12 large mines in the whole province. Since 2006, the whole province has completely withdrawn from the coal industry, rectified 1023 disorderly mining mines, closed 14 quarries, completed 12 mines such as Fankou lead-zinc mine, Dabaoshan mine and Yunfu pyrite mine, and invested 923 million in 553 mine geological environment control projects by local finance or mining enterprises.

(5) Protection of geological relics and construction of geological parks

By the end of 2008, there were 8 geological heritage nature reserves in the province, including national (Shaoguan Danxia Mountain) 1, 4 provincial and 3 municipal, with a total area of 4 1 150hm2. There are 7 national geoparks, including 2 world geoparks (Danxia Mountain in Shaoguan and Huguangyan in Zhanjiang) with a total area of 226000hm2 (Table 3). Monitoring networks have been basically established in geological relics nature reserves and geological parks, effectively protecting the geological environment.

Table 3 List of Geological Parks and Geological Relics Nature Reserves in Guangdong Province

(6) Geothermal and mineral water monitoring and construction

The geothermal and drinking natural mineral water resources in the whole province are characterized by large quantity and scale. By the end of 2008, there were 384 geothermal fields (sites) and 367 drinking natural mineral water sources (sites) in the province, and the proven allowable exploitation amount (including natural drainage) was 5765438+100000 m3/d (about 208.4 million m3/a) and12.44 respectively. According to statistics, the province has carried out dynamic monitoring of water temperature, water quantity and water quality for more than 390 exploited wells (points), which provides basic data for preventing over-exploitation and water quality deterioration and promotes sound and rapid economic and social development in Guangdong Province.

Three, monitoring equipment (equipment) equipped with the status quo

Multimedia broadband network

The geological disaster prediction and early warning consultation system connecting Guangdong Geological Environment Monitoring Station, Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Provincial Hydrology Bureau and key cities has been established, and a multimedia broadband network integrating voice, data and images has been formed, forming a visual consultation platform for China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, relevant provincial units and prefecture-level cities.

(2) VSAT satellite communication technology

In order to further improve the timeliness and controllability of geological disaster prediction and early warning in Guangdong Province, an emergency response and remote monitoring and early warning system for geological disasters in Guangdong Province was established. Using VSAT satellite communication technology, combined with ground wireless communication, an emergency mobile command system with visual information collection is formed, which provides a feasible technical means for real-time image and voice transmission at geological disaster site. Using the current international advanced technology, supplemented by fixed inclinometer method and surface water content monitoring, the real-time monitoring of hidden danger points of major geological disasters can be realized, and the early warning and prediction of geological disasters can be scientifically guided to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring and timely warning. At present, the construction scheme of Guangdong geological disaster emergency command and remote monitoring and early warning system has passed the expert review, and the hardware construction and equipment procurement of geological disaster emergency command and remote monitoring consultation room are in progress.

(3) GNSS continuous operation satellite positioning service system

Carry out the "Special Study on Dynamic Monitoring of Geological Disasters Based on GDCORS", study the rational application of satellite positioning system, geographic information system, remote sensing technology, database technology, computer network and wireless communication technology based on the latest GNSS continuous operation satellite positioning service system, and realize the integrated and networked monitoring system of "key technologies and platforms for geological disaster monitoring, early warning and forecasting", "application of geological disaster investigation and evaluation" and "theory and technical methods for geological disaster monitoring and forecasting".

Four. Information construction

(A) geological disaster early warning system construction

The province's geological disaster database and early warning system have been established. By developing the geological disaster leadership decision-making system, updating the basic base map and refining the early warning analysis unit, the real-time observation data can be shared with 865 automatic rainfall observation stations of the Provincial Hydrological Bureau, so that the early warning system can analyze 1 live rainfall data every hour, and various analysis models with small watershed and county (city) prone areas as analysis units can ensure the density and accuracy of early warning analysis.

(2) Construction of meteorological forecast and early warning system for geological disasters.

In June 2004, with the approval of the Guangdong provincial government, the Provincial Department of Land and Resources and the Provincial Meteorological Bureau jointly issued the Meteorological Forecast and Early Warning of Geological Disasters in Guangdong Province. Since 2004, the provincial geological environment monitoring station and the provincial meteorological observatory have jointly carried out meteorological early warning technology for geological disasters in flood season, set up a geological disaster forecasting and early warning room, established a 24-hour duty system in flood season, and completed daily work such as emergency disposal, early warning analysis, information collection, feedback and reporting of geological disasters in cities (counties).

On-line interface of meteorological forecast and early warning of geological disasters in Guangdong Province

(C) the province's geological environment information system construction

Carry out the collection, summary, analysis and processing of geological environment monitoring data in the whole province. By the end of 2008, * * * has completed the collection, entry and data management of monitoring data of 236 groundwater environmental monitoring stations (points), 2,485 mine geological environment survey data, 170 geological relics survey data and 5,324 geological disaster point group monitoring and control attribute data, established a provincial geological environment monitoring information management system and a typical geological disaster case database, and published dynamic geological environment information through the geological environment information website.

(d) Demonstration zones for monitoring and early warning of geological disasters have been established in dapu county and Lechang.

The establishment of rainfall monitoring points in hidden danger areas of geological disasters, the study of critical rainfall and its alarm technology, the changes of physical and mechanical parameters of slope soil under different water-bearing conditions, and the alarm of critical saturation instability of disaster bodies provide effective technical support for emergency command of geological disasters and the construction of remote monitoring and early warning system.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) mainly monitors results and services.

(a) geological disaster investigation and zoning work

On the basis of completing the investigation and zoning of geological disasters in hilly counties (cities, districts) in mountainous areas, a four-level monitoring network for counties (cities), towns (townships), villages and people threatened by disasters was established, disaster prevention knowledge and emergency response training were carried out, and disaster prevention cards were issued, which laid a solid foundation for promoting the prevention and mitigation of geological disasters in the province.

(2) Agricultural geological survey

The comprehensive investigation project of agriculture and eco-environmental geology in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone is jointly undertaken by Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Land and Resources, with a total funding of 45,594,500 yuan. In June 2006, 5438+ 10 was officially launched, and the field investigation was completed, and the regional eco-geochemical GIS information system was established, and the relevant geochemical evaluation map was compiled. The project is of great significance to the overall land use planning, agricultural structure adjustment, benefit agriculture development, urban development and ecological environment construction in the Pearl River Delta region.

(3) regional eco-environmental geological survey

1. Ecological and Environmental Geological Survey of Pearl River Delta1:250,000. The main eco-environmental geological problems and their influencing factors in the Pearl River Delta have been identified, a systematic eco-environmental geological survey technical method system has been established, and a new underground water source with 17 great potential has been delineated. In March, 2005, it passed the appraisal organized by Nanjing Geological Survey Center, and obtained excellent grade.

2. Investigation and evaluation of groundwater pollution in the Pearl River Delta region. As a national pilot, it has achieved a number of innovative achievements, in which the investigation of organic pollution has filled the gap in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone and made exploratory new achievements in field investigation and sampling technology.

3. Comprehensive survey of water resources in Guangdong Province by remote sensing. The project completed the remote sensing interpretation of surface water resources and groundwater resources. From June 5, 2003 to 2003 10, the survey results were examined and approved by China Geological Survey and obtained excellent grades.

(4) Investigation of groundwater resources

1. Geological survey of groundwater resources and ecological environment in karst mountain areas in northern Guangdong. Two super-large, two large, four medium-sized and 1 1 small water supply sources were identified and evaluated, and the recoverable groundwater reserve was increased by 809,800 m3/d, which provided a scientific basis for solving the water shortage problem in northern Guangdong.

2. Guangdong Leizhou Peninsula groundwater resources development and utilization industrialization promotion project. By the end of 2005, Zhanjiang had completed supplementary hydrogeological survey, hydrogeological drilling and second-class land subsidence measurement, and obtained a lot of basic data and new achievements.

3. Exploration and monitoring project of groundwater resources in karst areas of northern Guangdong and Leizhou Peninsula. From June 2006 to 2006 10, the provincial government approved the project, and the provincial financial investment was 72.42 million yuan. The implementation of this project will effectively solve the problem of drought and water shortage in karst and Leizhou Peninsula in northern Guangdong, ensure the safety of drinking water for people and livestock, improve the living environment, and is of great significance to promoting economic development and building a harmonious society.

(v) Urban geological survey

1. Guangzhou Urban Geological Survey. It was jointly developed by Guangzhou Municipal People's Government and China Geological Survey. The project started in 2006 and the field investigation was completed in 2007. Seven special investigations, including active fault investigation and study, and urban crustal stability evaluation, were completed. The construction standard of urban geological database is formulated and the urban geological database is established.

2. Foshan City Geological Survey Bureau. Approved by the provincial government and funded by the provincial finance, the project was started in 2007, and major geological relics of Quaternary Holocene tectonic activities were discovered for the first time.

(6) Other projects

1.200 1 year 65438+February completed the evaluation of groundwater resources in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Region.

2. Geothermal field exploration in southern Pearl River Delta. Completed the work of interface temperature measurement and geothermal drilling, and passed the expert review in August 2005.

3. Special research work. It has successively completed such projects as Research on Prevention and Control of Seawater Intrusion in the Giant Gravity Basin of Leizhou Peninsula, Research on Land Subsidence in the Centralized Groundwater Exploitation Area of Leizhou Peninsula, Research on Pollution Prevention and Control in the Groundwater Replenishment Area of Leizhou Peninsula, Establishment and Application of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation System for Land and Sea Geological Disasters in Guangdong Province, Monitoring and Research on Fracture Activity in Shenzhen Luohu Built-up Area, Development History of Hydrogeological Engineering Geological Environment Geological Work in Guangdong Province, and Construction of Geological Disaster Prediction and Early Warning Information System in Guangdong Province.

Legal construction of intransitive verbs

(1) local regulations

1998165438+1On October 27th, the 6th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 9th National People's Congress of Guangdong Province passed the Regulations on the Management of Quarrying and Taking Earth in Guangdong Province; 1On September 24th, 999, the 12th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth People's Congress of Guangdong Province passed the Regulations on the Management of Mineral Resources in Guangdong Province; On July 25, 2003, the fifth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress of Guangdong Province passed the Regulations on Geological Environment Management of Guangdong Province. In particular, the Regulations on Geological Environment Management in Guangdong Province, which came into effect on June 65438+ 10/2003, is the first local special regulation on geological environment management in Guangdong Province, which is not only a summary of the experience of geological environment management in Guangdong Province, but also a legal basis for further standardizing the management of geological environment protection and geological disaster prevention in Guangdong Province.

(2) Rules and regulations

On June 23, 2004, Guangdong Provincial People's Government issued "Guangdong Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Plan"; On July 9, 2004, the General Office of the People's Government of Guangdong Province issued the Emergency Plan for Sudden Geological Disasters in Guangdong Province. In June 2006 and July 2007, the People's Government of Guangdong Province issued Opinions on Implementing the Decision of Strengthening Geological Work in the State Council and Opinions on Further Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters in our Province. In addition, since 1998, Guangdong Province has successively issued Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Geological Disaster Risk Assessment in Guangdong Province, Basic Requirements for Mine Geological Environmental Impact Assessment in Guangdong Province, Evaluation Method for Achievements Report of Hydrological Engineering Environmental Geological Exploration Project in Guangdong Province, Interim Measures for the Management of Evaluation Experts of Hydrological Engineering Environmental Geological Project in Guangdong Province, and Disciplinary Provisions for Technical Appraisal of Drinking Natural Mineral Water and Geological Disaster Risk Assessment and Evaluation in Guangdong Province. Regulations on Qualification Examination and Approval of Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Engineering Units in Guangdong Province and other rules and regulations 10, and the training textbook of Emergency Management of Geological Disasters in Land and Resources System was compiled and published. On April 16 and June 16, 2008, Guangdong Province promulgated "Guangdong Province Geological Disaster Prevention Responsibility Assessment Method" and "Guangdong Province Geological Disaster Prediction Success Award Method". The promulgation of these rules and regulations has played a very important role in the standardization of administrative behavior, the clarity of working procedures and the openness of working results in geological environment management, and has effectively promoted the smooth development of geological environment management in the province.