Keywords: highway engineering construction site; Quality and safety management; Construction quality; Safety training 0 Introduction In the process of highway engineering construction and development, highway construction site management is a very important link. Due to the systematic and comprehensive nature of highway engineering construction, coupled with high difficulty, long cycle, complex environment and strict requirements, the quality and construction period may be affected by external factors. At the same time, safety work has been emphasized in engineering construction. Only by ensuring the safety of construction can we ensure the construction quality and other links go smoothly. If highway construction wants to continue, it is necessary to ensure safety. It can be said that in the quality and safety management of the whole highway construction, safety is the foundation and quality is the guarantee. Only by strengthening construction site management and ensuring the quality and safety of highway engineering construction can the project management level be improved as a whole. 1 Problems in quality and safety management of highway engineering construction site Under the background of gradually developed local economy, highway engineering construction is also in full swing. However, in the process of construction, we can see that there are still some safety and quality problems. In the final analysis, it is because the quality and safety management work is not in place, and it must be dealt with and solved in time in combination with the actual situation. 1. 1 Problems in safety management of construction site (1) Construction personnel lack sufficient knowledge of major hazards. It can be seen from the work situation of highway engineering construction site that all major accidents can be traced back to the source. After a major casualty accident, we should reflect deeply, find out the cause of the accident, and improve and perfect the weak links. According to past statistics, most safety accidents are caused by improper human operation, and a large proportion of them are due to the lack of sufficient understanding of major hazards by construction personnel, which also reflects the lack of supervision measures to prevent accidents in construction site management. From the field investigation, it can be seen that more than half of the construction units have not carried out special treatment for frequent accidents, which is the root cause of frequent accidents [1]. (2) Construction personnel lack self-protection awareness. Most highway construction started in cities and gradually extended to rural areas. The probability of frequent accidents in rural areas is higher than that in cities, especially in economically underdeveloped mountainous areas. The causes of the accident are: the construction unit did not pay enough attention to safety education and ignored the publicity of related contents, which led to the construction personnel not paying enough attention to safety; Personnel training is not in place, and a considerable number of construction workers work at their posts without professional training. In particular, new workers lack the foundation of safety education, coupled with lack of experience, which brings great difficulties to construction site management. (3) Safety education and supervision are not in place. In order to fundamentally ensure the smooth progress of highway engineering construction projects, it is necessary to carry out corresponding safety education for construction personnel to help them improve their safety awareness. However, in actual operation, there are some problems in highway construction management, such as the lack of safety awareness of construction personnel, the difficulty in meeting the construction needs of some personnel, the delay in implementing safety education, and the prevalence of formalism, which lead to the failure to effectively guarantee safety construction. In addition, some project supervisors still have a weak sense of responsibility, and they are careless in their work, so it is difficult to find out the hidden dangers in the construction process in time, and there is no emergency warning, which poses a great threat to the personal safety of on-site construction personnel [2]. 1.2 There are many problems in the quality management of the construction site. In order to win more benefits, some units only pay attention to the immediate and ignore the long-term goals, which leads to frequent quality management problems in the construction site, such as doping unqualified materials in building materials, cutting corners, being careless and irresponsible in project acceptance, or trying to muddle through by illegal means, which eventually leads to many tofu projects. The main reason is that there are still some loopholes in the supervision and management system that need to be further improved [3][4]. If the management level of the construction site managers is limited, or they lack a sense of responsibility, it will be difficult to find out the hidden quality problems in time, which may lead to more serious accidents or problems after they are put into use. In addition, the detection of products in the process of on-site construction sometimes produces certain errors. In addition, the task of highway construction site management is heavy. If the error problem cannot be solved, there will be large-scale rework, which will affect the construction period and lead to the delay of completion. Therefore, we must attach importance to the quality supervision of the construction site, not only to constantly improve the supervision system, but also to standardize and strengthen the workflow as necessary to ensure the smooth development of highway construction as much as possible. 2. Effective countermeasures to strengthen the quality and safety management of highway engineering construction site 2. 1 Strengthening the ideological understanding of construction quality and safety management. Relevant managers of construction units should attach importance to quality and safety issues ideologically and fully understand its importance. On this basis, strengthening internal quality and safety publicity, forming a good atmosphere among managers and construction workers, and improving the quality and safety awareness of on-site construction management as a whole will help improve the level of construction management. At the same time, we should pay attention to the ideological management of managers and construction workers, and organize regular quality and safety training and strengthening related to construction, so that they can deal with construction projects with more professional quality [5]. In addition to the above-mentioned macro-level ideological guidance, we should also pay attention to the constraints and explanations on the details of the system, further improve the relevant management system, and ensure the effective implementation of on-site construction management. The management system should form a virtuous circle, from guidance to implementation to feedback, and form a system to ensure that every link has rules to follow, which is helpful to improve the scientific nature of management. 2.2 Paying attention to the safety education and related training of construction personnel is the main force in the process of highway engineering construction. On the one hand, they are required to have a solid foundation and professional skills, on the other hand, they are required to have safety awareness, and through the education and training of safety production, they can help improve everyone's safety awareness. At the same time, combined with safety standards, they are required to carry out all work and operations in strict accordance with operating rules and regulations, avoid relying solely on experience, and gradually make all aspects of work procedural, standardized and standardized. In this process, we need to pay attention to: First, safety education and training should highlight key points and be targeted, and avoid empty content and formalism [6]. It is necessary to pay attention to the training of construction personnel, carry out safety technology operation training, and constantly standardize the operation technology of personnel to reduce the accident rate, and strengthen the safety training of management personnel, especially the project leader and the safety management team leader, and give key training; Second, in the training, strengthen the training and coping strategies of the construction personnel's awareness of danger prevention, realize the standardization, proceduralization and standardization of project construction, and avoid blindness; Thirdly, quality and safety management can be integrated into entertainment activities, relevant knowledge can be popularized, and a flexible, rich and interesting safety culture atmosphere can be created. 2.3 Improve the supervision system of quality and safety management. Quality and safety management involves many contents and a wide range. Random sampling can be adopted to strengthen the management of quality and safety problems of key nodes and set up special personnel to take charge of safety production [7]. Each construction site should be equipped with at least one professional safety supervisor, who is responsible for the technical guidance, supervision and management of construction site safety, and actively prevent accidents through effective safety protection measures. Supervisors can regularly evaluate the safety protection level of the construction site. Through the orderly supervision mechanism, not only the safety technical level of construction personnel can be continuously improved, but also the guidance and training of construction safety personnel can be realized. In the quality management of the construction site, it is especially necessary to strictly regulate the use of materials, supervise and improve the application and registration system for the use of materials, prohibit unqualified materials from being used in construction, realize the good configuration of construction materials and ensure the construction quality. In addition, it is also possible to clarify the rights and responsibilities by establishing a management responsibility system and quality objectives, so as to avoid mutual shirking, which is also conducive to improving the enthusiasm of construction personnel and ensuring the construction quality and progress. In a word, quality and safety management is the top priority of highway engineering construction projects. If we want to find and deal with potential safety hazards in time, we must start from all aspects, constantly improve the management quality and ensure the smooth construction. It is of far-reaching significance to establish a long-term mechanism for quality and safety management, implement various specifications in every construction link, improve the professional quality, safety awareness and safety technology of construction personnel through education and training, strengthen the construction of responsibility system and promote scientific management.
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