Interpretation test is divided into four parts: primary interpretation, intermediate interpretation and advanced interpretation.
The first part of the primary level is English-Chinese translation, 5 simple sentences, *** 10. Part II Chinese-English translation, 5 simple sentences, *** 10. The third part is English-Chinese translation, 1 dialogue, about 250 words, ***40 points. The fourth part is Chinese-English translation, 1 dialogue, about 250 words, ***40 points. The total score is 100, and the time is 30 minutes.
The first part of the intermediate level is English-Chinese translation, 1 dialogue, about 250-300 words, ***20 points. The second part is Chinese-English translation, 1 dialogue, about 250-300 words, ***20 points. The third part is English-Chinese translation, 1 essay of about 300 words, consecutive interpretation, ***30 points. The fourth part is Chinese-English translation, 1 essay of about 300 words, consecutive interpretation, ***30 points, a total of 100 points, 40 minutes.
The first part of the advanced course is English-Chinese translation, 1 essay of about 400 words, consecutive interpretation, ***20 points. The second part is Chinese-English translation, 1 essay of about 400 words, with ***20 points. The third part is English-Chinese translation, 1 essay of about 600 words, simultaneous interpretation, ***30 points. The fourth part is Chinese-English translation, 1 essay of about 600 words, simultaneous interpretation, with a score of ***30. The total score is 100, and the time is 50 minutes.
The content of the translation test is divided into two parts: English-Chinese translation and Chinese-English translation. At the primary level, the first section of single sentence translation gives 10 sentences and requires candidates to translate them into Chinese. English The second section gives 1 English article of about 250 words. Chinese articles require candidates to translate into Chinese? English The number of questions 1 1 question, with a score of 50 points, a total of 100 points, and a time of 3 hours.
At the intermediate level, each person will produce two English papers. Chinese articles, each about 250 words, require candidates to translate into Chinese? English Two questions, each question 100, with a total of 200 points and a time of 4 hours.
The first section of the advanced class is necessary. Give 1 article with about 400 words in English. Chinese articles require candidates to translate into Chinese? In English, the second section is about topic selection. Chinese articles, each about 400 words, require candidates to choose two articles to translate into Chinese. English, 3 questions per question, each question 150 points, a total of 300 points, 6 hours. Then there is an article in the industry: experts talk about the national translation professional qualification examination
As the concrete implementation and organization unit of the National Translation Qualification Examination, the Translation Qualification Examination Center of China Foreign Languages Bureau recently invited some experts from the National Translation Vocational Qualification Examination Committee to talk about the translation examination, and introduced the examination outline, module setting, question types and how to prepare for the exam.
In March 2003, the Ministry of Personnel formulated and issued the Interim Provisions on the Examination of Translation Professional Qualification (Level) and the Measures for the Implementation of the Examination of Translation Professional Qualification (Level) for Level 2 and Level 3, and established the English Expert Committee for the Examination of Translation Professional Qualification (Level) in July 2003. On February 6-7, 2003, at 65438+, the first national pilot examination for English interpretation and translation was held in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. In late May, 2004, the pilot examination of English translation qualification for Grade II and III continued to expand. The second and third level interpretation examinations were extended to six cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Chongqing and Han, and the translation examinations were also extended to Xi 'an, Nanjing, Zhengzhou, Chengdu, Changchun and Fuzhou. The number of candidates has almost doubled. June 5438+065438+1October 13 and June 5438+04, 2004, the translation test of English Level 2 and Level 3 Translation Qualification Examination was held in 25 cities, and the interpretation test was held in 15 city. French Level 2 and Level 3 exams were piloted in Beijing and Shanghai; Japanese Level 2 and Level 3 exams were piloted in Beijing, Shanghai and Dalian. According to the Interim Provisions, the General Administration of Foreign Languages Publishing and Distribution of China is responsible for organizing the establishment of the National Professional Qualification (Level) Examination Expert Committee for Translation. From June 5 to February 2003, China Foreign Languages Bureau set up a translation qualification evaluation center, which was responsible for the specific organization and implementation of the examination. The expert committee is responsible for the compilation of the examination syllabus, the determination of the national translation qualification examination standards, the design of examination questions and the construction of the examination database. The experts of the Committee of Experts are all senior professors and scholars in the field of translation, representing the highest level in the field of translation.
Mr. Huang Youyi: (Director of English Expert Committee of National Translation Qualification Examination, Secretary-General translators association of china, Deputy Director of China Foreign Languages Bureau)
The full name of the National Translation Qualification Examination is the National Translation Professional Qualification Examination. The English name is China adaptation test for translators and interpreter, or CATTI for short. The United States has TOEFL, Britain has IELTS and China has CATTI. What does the exam mean?
First of all, this is a major measure to integrate with the international community. The planning of this exam has actually been going on for more than ten years. With China's reform and opening up, China's foreign exchanges are expanding day by day, and China's exchanges with the international translation community are expanding day by day (China Translators Association is an important member of the International Federation of Translators). People increasingly feel that translation should be regulated by unified, scientific, objective and fair methods. Therefore, with reference to international experience, especially the accelerated internationalization of the translation service market after China's accession to the WTO, the Ministry of Personnel approved the inclusion of the translation qualification examination in the national vocational qualification certificate series, and decided to start this examination this year.
Second, the implementation and function of translation qualification examination: In 2003, the experiment of English translation examination was only conducted in three cities, and further experiments were conducted in 12 cities in the first half of 2004, and the pilot examination was expanded to 25 cities in the second half of 2004. At the same time, it is necessary to hold other foreign language exams except English, French and Japanese, and finally to take exams in other major languages (English, French, Spanish, German, Japanese, Russian and Latin). After the implementation of the translation qualification examination, the translation qualification evaluation carried out by the original units, state organs, governments, enterprises and institutions will no longer be carried out, and it has been incorporated into the national vocational certificate system. In the future, translation qualification can only be determined through this channel. We also have an idea to recognize each other's qualifications with some developed countries that have obtained internationally recognized translation examination qualifications in the future. For example, English-speaking countries such as Britain and Australia already have their own translation qualifications. We have been discussing with these national examination institutions, relevant government departments and their translation associations to realize this mutual recognition when it is mature. By then, our translation qualification examination certificate will become an "international driver's license". To this end, the translation qualification certification we implemented was carried out in accordance with international standards from the beginning and was in line with international standards.
Third, translation qualifications and titles. The document issued by the Ministry of Personnel clearly points out that this kind of examination is held for scientific, objective and fair purposes. In the past, if a person wanted to obtain a translation title, he must first belong to a state-owned unit, which excluded most people in society who wanted to engage in translation work, whether in their spare time or full-time jobs, from the team of translation technical titles. Internationally, translation is an individual labor, and a person can be a company. The translation work that can be undertaken and the corresponding charging standards are all linked to the translation qualification certificate.
The purpose of this examination is to improve the evaluation of professional titles of various units currently implemented, and to avoid the imbalance and human factors in the current evaluation work through the examination. At present, there are three-level and two-level examinations, and the first-level and advanced examinations are combined with evaluation. After gaining experience in the three-level and two-level examinations, we will consider the assessment methods of first-level translation and advanced translation. So how does this test prove that a person should be promoted? How to prove it is level 3? Even a college student, even a worker, may not belong to a unit with translation tasks, but may be an individual worker. How can I prove myself qualified? Pass the exam and obtain the corresponding certificate; This is proof. This is also a major feature of the exam.
4. It is most important to emphasize practice during the discussion and when proposing topics by the expert committee. With a foreign language foundation, translation depends on practice, goes out of society and pays attention to practice in work. This practice is also in line with our scientific, objective and fair principles. In the future, the translation qualification will be re-certified every three years, because it will be unfamiliar if you don't use translation for a long time. In order to ensure the level, it is necessary to implement a biennial certification system. Certification is conducted every three years through exams for the whole society, including promotion and talent discovery through exams, which also provides fair and reasonable competition opportunities for translators, helps to improve and expand the translation team in China, and helps many young people not to be recognized by the public when choosing jobs.
After the news of the implementation of the national translation qualification (level) examination was released, the leaders of foreign companies in Beijing reflected it the fastest, because many bosses wanted such certification, especially in Europe. The translation qualification examination in Europe is very developed, although they unified the currency; Although leaders speak English, French or German together, they must translate all documents into the national languages of EU member states. So Europe is one of the most translated continents. The bosses of foreign companies want their employees to have unified translation qualification certification.
Finally, I want to emphasize that our exam is an experiment at present. After all, this is the first time we have implemented this system in 20 years. We should focus on practice and give consideration to college English education. Including public English and professional English. In addition, in order to ensure the fairness of gaining experience and marking, all papers should be focused on Beijing marking. This task is relatively big. Through marking, we can also see whether our marking method is appropriate. The marking of the interpretation test is not listened to by one teacher, but evaluated by several different teachers.
Since it is a pilot, strictly speaking, there is also a process of exploring the difficulty of the exam. Objectively speaking, the whole proposition process is scientific. There are more than 50 examiners (members of the English Examination Expert Committee) in China, including experts who are nearly eighty years old and have been engaged in translation and foreign language teaching for a long time, teachers in their thirties who are active in English teaching, and experts who are engaged in Chinese-English translation every day; There are interpreters, translators, and both. After repeated discussions and reference to domestic and foreign materials, we worked out an outline on this basis. Of course, there is room for improvement in the future. At present, the National Professional Qualification (Level) Examination Expert Committee is mainly an expert in English. The Committee is divided into two parts: 1 1 consultant and 33 members. Their work has different emphases, among which more than 20 people focus on translation and 10 people focus on interpretation. These experts come from 23 ministries, key foreign language colleges and publicity departments, and they can all be said to be authoritative figures in the field of translation in China.
Mr. Min Lu talks about translation: (Deputy Director of the National Translation Qualification Examination Center, former translation expert of the Central Compilation Bureau, member of the National Translation Professional Qualification (Level) Examination Expert Committee)
First, pay attention to objective evaluation.
If candidates take the national translation title examination and pass the third grade, they can get the assistant translation title, that is, the primary title. The conditions for obtaining an assistant translator are as follows: graduate from undergraduate course, be competent after working for one year, fill out a form and apply for a junior title; Participate in the national translation qualification (level) examination, and pass the second-level translation, you can apply for translation titles; After graduating from undergraduate course, you can apply for the title of assistant translator at the end of the one-year probation period, and you can apply for the title of translator after working for five years, which is equivalent to six years of undergraduate work; Graduate students who have graduated for three years can apply for translation titles if they are competent. This national translation qualification (level) test is different from the college English test of CET-4, CET-6 and CET-8. The uniqueness lies in that the national translation qualification (level) examination is a measure of professional title reform. It faces the society, and people of any major and any field can take this exam, and then they can get the corresponding titles. A college graduate can go to companies, state organs, enterprises and institutions after obtaining the translation qualification examination certificate. Having the corresponding translation title can help you increase your competitiveness in the market. This is a description of the qualifications of translators and assistant translators.
On the other hand, if we analyze the syllabus, we will find that the CET-2 and CET-3 are divided into comprehensive ability and translation practice. An undergraduate student who has passed CET-4 and CET-8 will have a great possibility of passing CET-3 translation. The analysis of the three-level comprehensive ability of translation is divided into four parts: the first part, vocabulary and grammar; The second part is English reading skills, and the third part is cloze. These three parts are objective questions, actually multiple-choice questions. This is very good for students at school. If English majors and non-English majors want to pass the translation exam, they have a certain language foundation. It is not difficult to pass these three questions. What is more difficult is the proposition composition, which needs special training or special teachers to train and explain, because writing articles in Chinese and writing articles in English have completely different ideas and methods, and you need to find the trick to get points. If you write aimlessly, your score will not be satisfactory. Is it level 2 or level 3? There are many objective questions in the third-level translation, and the subjective questions are single items, Chinese-English translation and English-Chinese translation. The difference between Level 2 and Level 3 is that there are required translation questions. Because this exam is open to the whole society, the candidates who take part in it may study natural science, social science, engineering, medicine, or any kind, practice stalls in the street and sell clothes in Xiushui Street. So we should take care of the interests of all parties. The materials selected for topics and questions should be acceptable to candidates and universal. The second choice is to emphasize professionalism, some knowledge of natural science and some basic knowledge of social science, so that you can give consideration to both arts and sciences. Two questions, one concerning liberal arts and the other concerning science. Candidates can choose freely according to their majors and interests, and have room for flexibility according to their hobbies. Make the certificate broadly representative and give consideration to the interests of all parties. This exam is a pilot and time is short. There may be some dissatisfaction in the exam syllabus, exam modules and exam sample questions. Candidates may be anxious and want to know the details, whether there are review materials and counseling materials, just like looking at flowers in the fog and having no clue.
Second, the details of the exam.
The examination outline is the guiding document of the national translation qualification (level) examination, the basis of the examination proposition and an important reference guide for candidates. Everyone should carefully study the examination outline, and the examination proposition is closely related to the outline. If you thoroughly understand the outline, you will realize how to prepare. The three-level translation in the national translation qualification (level) examination is divided into translation comprehensive ability test and translation practice test. At present, some translation practices in society are divided into Chinese-English translation and English-Chinese translation, and the answer is over. The comprehensive ability of translation is related to the present situation in the field of translation, the social learning of English and the requirements for translation majors. Once I went to a university to enroll students, and I also gave English-Chinese and English-Chinese test questions. When I changed the topic, I found it was full of spelling mistakes. Translation is a highly skilled major, and I have never studied English. After CET-6, you can translate. Translation is a heresy, which requires not only a large number of English words, but also profound background knowledge of China and English-speaking countries, as well as a lot of practice opportunities. There should be no language problems in translation. If there are still a lot of lexical errors and grammatical errors in translation, there is no translation. In addition, translation is not sentence-making, sentence-by-sentence sentence-making should have its own skills and rules. Improving the comprehensive ability of translation aims at testing the ability of candidates to use English vocabulary accurately. For the mastery of English synonyms, synonyms and English idioms, the purpose of the three-level comprehensive ability test is to master vocabulary. In a word, knowing how to use words is a good sentence. A good sentence is composed of words or a phrase, and the core is the predicate. After choosing the right words, the translation of sentences is very wonderful. Experts in China and English-speaking countries pay special attention to the usage of words. I suggest that you prepare two dictionaries when you study translation, and look up more English-English dictionaries when you translate, not just English-Chinese dictionaries. English pays great attention to the deep differences of words. You can realize this difference by doing more translation. The requirement of the exam is to master more than 5000 English words, which are commonly used words. It is definitely not enough to master 5000 words through English three-level translation. CET-3 mainly examines the professional's ability and level of judgment and analysis, adaptability and judgment, and the comprehensive application of relevant knowledge in translation. Matters needing attention are divided into four standards, the first is grammar, the second is skill, and the third is cloze to master the meaning of words. Master the difference between synonyms and synonyms. Because the exam is oriented to the society, the materials are politics, diplomacy, trade, science and technology, industry and agriculture, so you should be familiar with their styles and terms. Grammar part, analyze sentences and pay attention to grammar rules. In English reading, there are four English reading essays selected from English-speaking countries: Britain, America, Australia, New Zealand and other newspapers, magazines and books. When preparing for the exam, candidates should read more different genres and styles to expand their knowledge and information. In the cloze, there is a short passage. Generally, only one word can be filled in a space, and each space is given one point. Proposition composition should pay more attention to all aspects of social life, care about social hot issues, sort out materials and make good preparations for yourself. In translation practice, considering practicality, experts in the front line of translation will give questions. At present, there are two schools of translation: academic school and practical school. This topic emphasizes practicality, because some people don't know translation skills, but they have been engaged in translation for a long time, and they can get a certificate by passing the exam and be competent for the job. In terms of material selection for translation practice and English translation, the original texts of English-speaking countries, that is, articles written by British and American people in English, are selected. Chinese-English translation generally chooses publicity materials published in China and newspapers and books published in China, which generally reflect the situation in China. Pay attention to preparation, read some original English translations, and read some newspapers and magazines introduced by Chinese translations to people in other countries and around the world.
Third, the situation of the second-level examination.
In translation practice, there are two topics: one is necessary translation, and the other is choice. This topic exists in both Chinese translation and English translation. The selection of examination questions is popular, but the two-level and three-level translation practices dilute the literary color, and there will be no literary themes such as A Dream of Red Mansions and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. After all, there are very few people engaged in literary translation, and only a handful of people in China have achieved this literary accomplishment, and they are basically engaged in practical translation.
Fourth, how to prepare for the exam.
1, expand vocabulary. The second and third levels cannot be limited to 5000 words. A large vocabulary helps to improve reading comprehension and translation speed. Read more foreign books and periodicals with different styles and genres, expand your knowledge and absorb information. Improve English comprehension, expression and translation. English translation and the cultivation of Chinese-English translation ability, when it comes to translation, people will immediately think of "faithfulness and elegance", and we can do translation well as long as we pay attention to two points. First, be faithful to the original text in content and style, and be "faithful". No matter whether Chinese translation is English or English translation, we always convey the meaning first, and English translation is for China people at last, so our Chinese expression ability should be very strong. The foundation should be based on understanding. If you can't translate English well, you can't understand it. If you don't understand the background knowledge and deep meaning of an English article, you can't understand it yourself. If you want to satisfy the examiner and readers, you must first satisfy yourself. If you are not satisfied, you will certainly not succeed. Second, the expression should be smooth. Understanding the original text is the key, and only by mastering the meaning of the original text can it be expressed. According to the style, what is the author's purpose in writing this article? Do you know the background knowledge? Do a research and analysis. Translation is not sentence-making. A good translator should be a "saint", who has a thorough understanding of language, grammar and vocabulary, and knows all walks of life and fields. You don't have to be an economist or a jurist to understand economics, but you have to understand the law. Translation is a bottomless pit. Every time I finish translating, I still feel that I have something to learn. The improvement of Chinese-English translation level is mainly to improve English expression ability. Chinese-English translation is from Chinese to English, and the readers are British and Americans. It is important to change the way of thinking when doing this translation. Can the British and Americans accept Chinese translation into English? Do they say so? Is it Chinglish? There are three steps to improve translation. First, choose the original text with appropriate difficulty and wide genre, don't be greedy, take a short paragraph and complete it according to your own original theory and skills. The second step is to invite translation teachers and English experts to participate in the training, and ask the training teachers to check and polish the translation. Because they haven't reached a certain level of English, they can't make a correct judgment about themselves. They need to find a higher-level person to analyze translation, find out the gaps, systematically summarize and find their own weak links. The third step is to summarize. After the revision, I should study it carefully and analyze why someone changed it like this and why I couldn't think of it when I translated it. Finding matching points can improve the translation level. Translation is actually a process of changing people's thinking. If translated into English, you should think in English, never in Chinese. Sentences that are thought in Chinese are bound to be interfered by the mother tongue. Before the translated sentences are in place, always think about what the British and Americans will say. When translating, you must consult with an open mind, and gradually accumulate one word and one sentence. In five years to 10, you will realize what translation is.
Professor Rebecca on Interpretation Examination;
Since there is such an industry standard, many experts know how difficult it is to include simultaneous interpretation and consecutive interpretation when we draw up the outline. Professional examination, that is, Level 2, requires mastering more than 8,000 English words, but there is no upper limit. What is more than 8 thousand? How different is it? It has its own language foundation, in addition to professional knowledge structure. In terms of vocabulary, such as professional trade vocabulary, sometimes the translation may not be in place, which means it in normal use, but it means another thing in professional English. The real estate industry, a very simple word, open space, may be said to be open space, but it should actually be translated into idle land of real estate. We should not only master professional vocabulary and common vocabulary, but also master the cultural background knowledge of English-speaking countries. Sometimes translation is not for ourselves, but for culture.
It may be a proverb, or it may be a very characteristic passage of a country. Without understanding the cultural background, it is impossible to translate. Moreover, there is also a standard for simultaneous interpretation, that is, whether you can be competent for 3-5 minutes in various formal occasions. Band 6 is only the standard for non-foreign language majors, and it is more difficult to pass Band 6. CET-6 only adds a content to the knowledge structure, which does not mean that translation can be done through CET-6. Translation is a huge systematic project and the embodiment of comprehensive ability.
The purpose of this exam is to test candidates' listening comprehension and information processing ability, especially English-Chinese translation. Listening is very important. The steps of interpretation are as follows: listening, recording, conceiving and expressing. The last three steps are completely based on the first step. If you don't understand, you can't translate. From the perspective of translation, listening needs 65,438+0,000% comprehension to remember, and if you can't remember it, you can't translate it. This is a complete knowledge structure. Therefore, it is very important to have the ability of listening comprehension and information processing. You have to test yourself. Have you mastered the English vocabulary required by the syllabus? Do you have the English listening required for professional work? I don't mean to listen in general, but to understand 100%. Sometimes it is difficult to do it, including professional translation, which involves the ability to handle things on the spot. But this can also be reflected in the exam. Interpretation test is also divided into comprehensive interpretation ability and interpretation practice, including consecutive interpretation ability and simultaneous interpretation ability, which can be reflected in the second-level syllabus. The basic requirement of the exam is the integrity of the exam, including the standardization of language, whether it can be completed accurately through skilled interpretation skills. It should be said that the requirements are very high. At present, you must have five levels: language, knowledge, technology, translation skills, psychological stability factors, and of course your vocabulary preparation, and then your ability. Translation is not everything, but you have to know that you don't know what will happen in translation. Of course, preparation before translation will be very important, but as far as exams are concerned, politics, diplomacy, culture and law are all-encompassing, so knowledge structure is very important. Then there are short-term memory and long-term memory and translation skills, such as memory ability, including comprehension ability, analysis ability, induction and summary ability, and bilingual expression ability in mother tongue and foreign language.
Speaking of translation skills, some people may ask, I can do translation without mastering translation skills. However, as a translator, you must master translation skills. In addition to skills, you also have your own professional ability and knowledge, which complement each other.
This exam is incorporated into the industry management mechanism and is more formal. The grading standard of the exam is very detailed. It takes several people to listen to one person's tape, and the results of several people are the same. For those who want to pass the exam, they should have a correct judgment of themselves. Generally, having an intermediate title means having five years of work experience after graduating from college.
The third level is the quasi-professional level. Some people have passed CET-6, but they may not be so professional because of work needs, such as seeing off and accompanying. These people can try to take a major, because there are too many obstacles from the starting point to the major, which are not easy to overcome. CET-3 requires mastering more than 5,000 words, but there is no upper limit for this. According to the standard of vocabulary, you can understand 80/% of daily vocabulary by saying 3000 words at ordinary times, and you can understand it by listening to 3000 words in VOA news. The purpose of communication in general occasions (informal, welcoming and small informal translation) is also to test the basic ability of listening comprehension and information processing of candidates, not to mention professional ability, but to have the listening comprehension and expression ability needed in general occasions rather than professional occasions. The basic requirements are the same. Some people have a very good foundation, but their expressions are still not so clear. Such people are more suitable for translation. Interpretation requires fluency, moderate speed and no obvious mistranslation or omission.
Listening comprehension is a very important skill in CET-2 and CET-3 interpretation. After listening to 500 words, the third level is to write 150 words, and the second level is to listen to 600 words and write 200 words. And whether you have the ability to grasp the comprehensive summary in an instant and write it out within 30 minutes. This ability is especially important when doing translation. If you understand the translation, you should express it and have the ability to organize the language instantly. What is reflected here should be sufficient, and the framework must be grasped. This is the comprehensive ability of interpretation, that is, listening.
The other part is the practice of interpretation, which involves interpretation itself. On the third level, English-Chinese translation and dialogue should be between 150 and 200 words. This one is simpler, because its sentences are very short. In the practice of interpretation, consecutive interpretation is English-Chinese translation and Chinese-English translation, and its contents and forms are different. The examination syllabus and some related contents are still clearly written, and more is how to further improve on the original basis and do necessary training.
Being a real translator is related to work without interruption. Graduated from college English, with above-average English ability, and engaged in translation work after graduation. If I graduate from undergraduate English, but I haven't been engaged in translation for that long, but I want to try my own ability, can I pass? So you need to practice by yourself. Translation is a very practical work. You passed this exam, but you never did it, and you forgot it over time, so this is a very technical job.
So we should train our translation skills well. There are two kinds of training: dynamic and static. There is also after-school training, such as memory training. You can listen to a piece of news and repeat it after listening to it to see how much you can repeat. There is also a summary of training listening, which takes 3 minutes to summarize something 15 minutes. Then there are some follow-up exercises, which are all necessary skills for simultaneous interpretation. Psychological factors are also important. Some people are good at their mother tongue and foreign language, but their psychological factors are not good. Being nervous when listening will definitely affect the effect.
For students, don't pay too much attention to methods and skills, but must work hard. The use of language is a skill, but this skill is not entirely acquired by skill. They should use methods and techniques and make a lot of explorations in practice. Many skills are summed up in translation practice, and speed and efficiency should not be overemphasized. Speed and efficiency are emphasized only after we have a solid bilingual ability. It takes time to repeat what you have learned, review what you have learned, sum up and accumulate, and then advance and accumulate. There is a process to master skills. When encountering difficulties, we must overcome them and persevere.
We should also attach great importance to listening training. Language is something with sound, and our feelings about language are first heard through sound. Translation is a very practical work. You will never learn well if you don't use it. When you use it, you will suddenly feel that you will make great strides because there is a long-term accumulation process.