How to cultivate new farmers is a basic problem in building a new socialist countryside, the key to solving the "three rural issues" and the overall situation of China's modernization. In order to cultivate new farmers, the state will expand the implementation scale of the Sunshine Project of Rural Labor Force Transfer Training, and all levels of finance will include rural labor force training funds in the budget to develop rural vocational education and adult education. The wishes of farmers were not respected. Some farmers are not enthusiastic about participating in the construction of new countryside. In some rural areas, some matters closely related to farmers' production and life, such as land contracting, road construction and bridge repair, power supply and water supply, agricultural technical services, medical and health care, family planning, etc., are almost all promoted by the government. In the eyes of grassroots cadres and farmers, the government is in charge of farmers. The more the government manages, the lower the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in public affairs; The lower the enthusiasm of farmers, the more they need the government to promote them. The construction of new countryside in many counties and townships is designed by the planning department. The project construction relies on the words of individual leaders, "point a road first, point a building", without soliciting farmers' opinions, government officials, experts and scholars have become the "spokespersons" for farmers to build their hometown.

The capacity building of farmers needs to be strengthened. Most farmers in rural areas of China have relatively short education time and low education level. In recent years, a large number of educated and skilled young laborers have moved from rural areas to cities. Most of the people left behind in rural areas are elderly people, women and children. It is obviously difficult for these farmers to bear the burden of building a new countryside alone. How to cultivate and retain a group of new farmers with knowledge, technology and management as soon as possible, and make them the backbone of the new rural construction has become an urgent requirement to promote the new rural construction.

It is difficult to locate the resources of new rural construction in poverty-stricken areas. The construction of new countryside involves more than 20 departments such as agriculture, forestry, water, science, education, culture, health and land. In some places, departments go their own way, which leads to the scattered use of funds and makes it difficult to achieve large-scale and intensive benefits. In order to get immediate results, some departments often choose villages with a certain economic foundation as pilot villages for new rural construction, which leads to the inclination of funds and policies for supporting agriculture to well-developed villages. Those villages that can break the "vicious circle of poverty" without external force are difficult to get preferential policies and funds because of their relatively poor foundation and ineffective policies. As a result, some wealthy pilot villages have become "demonstration villages" and become richer and richer; However, it is difficult for poor villages to change their appearance and gradually be forgotten. The construction of new countryside needs "icing on the cake", but it needs "giving charcoal in the snow" more. How to strengthen the coordination and cooperation between departments and improve the marginal efficiency of new rural construction resources is a very realistic problem. The construction of new countryside needs farmers' active participation. Cultivating new farmers should pay attention to the following four points:

Guided by the government, we will formulate and implement the New Farmer Cultivation Plan as soon as possible, establish the implementation objectives, implementation methods and assessment standards, and comprehensively promote the cultivation of new farmers.

Effectively integrate resources. A comprehensive coordinating organization, which is coordinated by the government, led by the agricultural sector, with the participation of finance, education, science and technology and other relevant departments, concentrates funds, integrates resources, makes overall plans, divides labor and cooperates, and complements each other's advantages to maximize the benefits of farmers' training.

Increase investment in training support. Farmers' training funds are included in the financial budget and increased year by year. At the same time, encourage and support leading agricultural enterprises and private training institutions to participate in farmers' training, establish a diversified investment system with equal investment from the government, enterprises and individuals, and solve the problem of insufficient funds for farmers' education and training.

Give full play to the characteristics, professionalism, guidance, pertinence and practicability of farmers' professional cooperative economic organizations to carry out training, formulate corresponding incentive policies, encourage and support farmers' professional cooperative organizations to carry out farmer training within the system, and improve farmers' professional and technical level and ability to adapt to the market.

Establish a farmer education and training voucher system. By introducing competition mechanism, farmers are given the right to choose independently, which can meet the actual needs of different farmers in different regions and realize diversified, personalized, characteristic and humanized training services. According to the training vouchers delivered by farmers after receiving training as needed, apply to the relevant departments and receive training funds. First, unify understanding and strengthen government responsibility

Unifying understanding and strengthening government responsibility is a powerful ideological and political guarantee for cultivating new farmers. The low quality of farmers has long been ignored by governments at all levels because the government and all walks of life lack a unified understanding of the cultivation of new farmers. Therefore, in practical work, we should unify our understanding in the following aspects: First, we should realize that cultivating new farmers is the primary core issue of building a new socialist countryside. In the final analysis, the construction of new countryside should be organized and implemented by thousands of concrete new farmers in Qian Qian, Qian Qian, and the quality of new farmers determines the final results. Therefore, the cultivation of new farmers has become the primary core issue. Second, it is incumbent on the government to realize that cultivating new farmers has obvious public welfare. Governments at all levels should increase government support, increase financial input, incorporate the cultivation of new farmers into the overall planning of new rural construction, and take effective measures to cultivate new farmers through multiple channels, levels and forms. Third, we should realize that the cultivation of new farmers is a long-term historical process. It takes decades of efforts to build a new socialist countryside, and the cultivation of new farmers will run through the whole process. Fourth, establish a new concept of farmers' talents and attach great importance to the cultivation of practical talents in rural areas. New farmers must represent the development requirements of advanced productive forces in rural areas, be a group of farmers armed with scientific and cultural knowledge, and be an important promoter of rural economic development.

Second, strengthen rural basic cultural education and cultivate and bring up high-quality farmers in the future.

A century-long plan, education-oriented. Rural basic education will directly determine the quality of future farmers in China. Therefore, in the long run, to improve the quality of farmers, we must attach great importance to rural basic education. First of all, rural compulsory education should be placed in the strategic position of the whole education development and the priority field of the whole rural social undertakings development, so as to ensure the basic rights of school-age children and adolescents in the rural compulsory education stage. Secondly, it is necessary to further consolidate and improve the current rural compulsory education management system, clarify the responsibilities and obligations of governments at all levels in the development and expenditure of rural education, consolidate the funding guarantee mechanism based on financial input, and increase investment in rural compulsory education. Third, rural basic education should be closely integrated with rural social and economic reality. It is necessary to combine the problems existing in rural reality and help rural teenagers improve their ability to know and understand society.

Third, do a good job in rural vocational education and adult education, and cultivate modern new farmers who understand technology and know how to operate.

The realization of new socialist countryside can not be separated from the improvement of farmers' skill quality, which can not be separated from the vigorous implementation of rural vocational education and adult education. Therefore, we must attach importance to the development of rural vocational education and adult education. Vocational education and adult education should adhere to the principle of "combining learning with application and teaching according to needs", combine rural cultural education with popular science education, and offer corresponding majors and courses in rural economy, market economy and township enterprises. So as to cultivate and bring up a large number of new farmers with culture, technology, management and management. At the same time, special skills training programs should be implemented. Local governments and social organizations should provide agricultural science and technology training programs open to farmers, improve their agricultural skills and scientific and technological quality, help farmers master advanced agricultural science and technology, improve traditional farming methods, increase the output and scientific and technological content of agricultural products, and increase farmers' income; Implement the labor force transfer training project to improve the employment ability of the labor force.

Fourth, accelerate the construction of rural culture and improve the humanistic quality of farmers.

Cultural development directly affects people's ideological concepts, value orientation, moral cultivation and other spiritual life, and plays an important role in guiding and promoting economic development and social progress. Whether it is rural development, rural progress or farmers getting rich, it is inseparable from the cultivation and support of culture. To speed up the construction of rural culture, one is to strengthen the construction of rural cultural facilities. To expand the coverage of radio, television and movies, local cultural units should actively organize and implement "going to the countryside" activities, local governments can organize and establish cultural libraries, and at the same time, they should continuously increase investment and support for rural cultural construction to provide a strong guarantee for the development of rural cultural undertakings. The second is to strengthen the construction of grassroots cultural teams. Efforts should be made to train a group of cultural workers, folk artists, professional cultural workers and other cultural teams, actively encourage and advocate cultural workers to volunteer in rural areas, and go deep into rural areas to help farmers improve their knowledge in all aspects. The third is to carry out characteristic cultural activities. Villagers can write and perform some short and pithy programs that reflect new people and new things in rural areas and have the flavor of local life, and occupy the ideological position in rural areas with the new fashion of civilization and health.

Five, strengthen the construction of rural grassroots democracy, in-depth publicity and education of the legal system.

The new socialist countryside is a new countryside of democracy and rule of law. To develop rural economy and promote rural social progress, we must attach great importance to the construction of rural democracy and legal system and improve farmers' concept of democracy and legal system. To develop grass-roots democracy, we should further improve the system of villagers' autonomy, comprehensively promote democratic elections, decision-making, management and supervision at the village level, and fully guarantee farmers to exercise their democratic rights according to law. In view of the current situation of farmers' weak legal concept, we should actively carry out legal publicity and education, and carry out in-depth legal publicity and education with the constitution, the organic law of villagers' committees, the agricultural law, the seed law and other legal knowledge closely related to farmers as the main content. Guide farmers to learn, understand and abide by the law in publicity and education, and take up legal weapons to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen law enforcement, rectify rural social security, purify social atmosphere, and provide farmers with a life of living and working in peace and contentment.