Baby's language ability, in the process of baby's growth, has begun to slowly cultivate language ability. The development of language improves children's cognitive ability, and the expansion of cognitive scope enriches children's language, which is lower than that of infants.
As a tool and product of human social communication, baby's language ability 1 language is gradually mastered through imitation and learning after birth. During the period of 0- 1 year, the baby's language ability develops rapidly, which can be roughly divided into three stages:
1, 0-3 months-simple pronunciation stage: the baby will occasionally pronounce the simplest monosyllable when he is born, and there may be M ~ MA sounds when he is 2 months old. Babies born for 3 months will also have more vowels and a small number of consonants.
2, 4-8 months-continuous pronunciation stage: the baby will not only pronounce more consonants, but also use continuous syllables, such as ba ba and ma ma. But it's not calling your parents, it's just an instinct.
3, 9- 12 months-learning stage: the baby began to imitate the language of adults, trying to connect the words he learned with specific things, and began to explore the meaning of these words.
Infant language ability development index
The so-called development index, in short, is when the baby can say what kind of words. Through the study of a large number of infants aged 0-6, under normal circumstances, the development of infants' language ability will follow the following indicators:
1 month
In addition to crying, the baby can also pronounce simple monosyllabic sounds, such as A, I can distinguish parents' voices, like listening to parents talking to others, and occasionally babble.
two months
There are reflex pronunciations, and three or more A, O and E can be pronounced.
3-4 months
Three-month-old babies can make comfortable sounds, such as laughter, vowels, such as ou, h, k, ai, or occasionally whistle softly. At the age of 4 months, the baby is willing to talk to adults and often talks to himself. You can cry and laugh loudly to express your emotions, and you can imitate your tone.
5-6 months
When called by an adult, the baby will stare at the adult and laugh; Babies can also talk to their favorite toys and imitate the pronunciation of horses. At this stage, the baby has the ability to control his voice. He can perceive different tones and sounds and make different reactions. If he is blamed, he can feel it.
7-8 months
At this stage, the baby is more sensitive to language, richer in voice, and can speak Ba Ba and Ma Ma. To some extent, he already has the ability to understand adult language and tries to match some words with their meanings. When familiar people, such as parents, call his name, he will turn around and distinguish his parents' voice from others'. Adults may react differently to different tones.
9- 10 months
At this stage, the baby can not only understand what adults often say, but also communicate with adults in relatively simple language. At this time, the baby should have been able to call his mother on his own initiative, often imitating adults, repeatedly issuing a word, and gradually learning to obey his parents' orders.
1 1- 12 months
The baby is very talkative and never stops talking. When you can't express it in words, you often use actions, that is, body language. Now they can not only use words (about 5- 10 simple words), but also learn to make sentences. Adults can observe whether the baby shakes his head when he says "no" and use body language to assist the voice language. )
About 2 years old
The language ability has further developed, from using only single and double words in the past to using complete sentences now, but there are many pronunciation mistakes. At this stage, after listening to a short story, the baby should be able to repeat it completely (even if some plots are different or disconnected? ), you can also recite simple and short children's songs or poems.
3-4 years old
The baby's vocabulary has reached more than 200, and he can talk to adults completely and fluently, or describe an event completely, and some will add his own evaluation of someone or something. Babies at this stage especially like telling stories and will repeatedly describe paragraphs that they think are interesting. What parents should pay attention to is that the baby's ability to imitate adults is increasing day by day, and he often uses some words and tones of adults to communicate with his peers, so parents must pay attention to their words in front of the baby.
5-6 years old
I like listening to stories and reading stories. Have considerable inductive ability and can tell the outline and central idea of a story; Also have a certain knowledge of grammar, will understand the meaning of abstract words and try to use them. Language has the concept of time (similar to tense in English), which can describe past and future events and correct others' grammatical mistakes.
Five key periods in the development of infants' language ability
The cultivation of any kind of baby's ability has a "critical development period". Paying attention to cultivating this ability in this period can get twice the result with half the effort, and language ability is no exception. There are five "critical periods" in the development of infants' language ability, namely:
How does infant language ability 2 improve infant language ability?
The first stage (0 ~ 3 months) simple pronunciation stage
1 month, the baby occasionally sounds like ei and ou, sounds like M ~ Ma in the second month, and more vowels and a few consonants in the third month, such as a, ai, e, ou, m, h, etc.
The second stage (April-August) is a continuous pronunciation stage.
At this time, there are many consonants with continuous syllables, such as ba ~ ba, da ~ da, na ~ na and so on. Adults often mistakenly think that Ma Ma and Pa Pa are babies calling mom, da da.
The third stage (September ~ 65438+February) is the learning stage.
At this time, the baby began to imitate the pronunciation of adults, began to associate words with corresponding things, and began to understand the meaning of words.
From about 2 to 3 months, when the baby is comfortable with da~da, it will make babbling sounds, such as ai~ai ~ AI, EI ~ EI, A ~ A ~ A ~ E ~ E, ou ~ ou, hei~hei, etc. By the age of half, the baby can make more.
Babies often don't imitate adults, they do it to hear their own voices, and they also express different emotions with different voices. Babbling is different from real language. There is no need to teach, but parents can increase the number of babbling by smiling and encouraging.
The baby is about 7 ~ 8 months old and begins to respond to specific words. For example, adults often clap their hands and say "clap your hands, clap your hands". After repetition, as long as the adults say "clap your hands", the baby will clap their hands. If you point to the cat in front of the baby and say "cat, cat", after repeated many times, as long as the adults say "cat?" The baby will turn to look at the cat. In fact, the baby can't understand the meaning of these words at this time, but after repeated stimulation by adults, a connection has been established between words and things.
When the baby can not only understand the words, but also say the words on the basis of understanding them, then language begins to become a tool for him to communicate with the outside world, which usually appears around 1 year old. At this time, the baby's enthusiasm for speaking is not high, and he can only understand about 20 words.
What should parents do to help their baby's language development in infancy? Parents should treat their baby as a fully mature conversation partner, be patient and talk to them often. For example, a mother said to her 3-month-old child:
"How is my son today? (Stop) How are you? (Stop) Well, what do you say? /Do you feel good? /I am very happy. /Yes, I am. What do you want now? /Your bottle? Is this what you want? All right. Right here. "
In this dialogue, the mother thinks that her child has the ability to answer. The mother paused after asking, giving the baby a chance to answer, and then continued. Mother's way of speaking expresses her wish for her baby, hoping that they can talk to each other. When the baby finally starts to talk, parents can continue to do so. When speaking, we should pay attention to the fact that parents' language should be simple and short, speak slowly, have a high tone, and repeat key words more, so that the baby will be interested in this way of speaking.
Only by constantly guiding and letting children practice can children's language ability be strengthened, so finally, parents should be reminded to be patient and spend more time with their children to practice and strengthen their language ability.
The baby's language ability. Watching more TV hinders the early education of language ability development.
Every time children watch 1 hour TV, the vocabulary they hear from adults will decrease by 500 ~ 1000. If the baby before the age of 2 watches too much TV, it will not only lead to slow language expression, but also affect brain development.
Research shows that if babies before the age of 2 spend too much time watching TV, it will affect their language development ability and even brain development. According to American media reports, American scientists have found the potential reasons for the slow development of the language of "TV children". The survey shows that infants who have been exposed to TV for a long time will reduce the vocabulary they hear from their parents or teach themselves.
The expert group of children's behavior research at the University of Washington conducted a practical investigation. Experts said: "In ordinary families, it is obvious that audible and visible TV sounds and pictures reduce the opportunities for infants to communicate and talk with caregivers, which is a potential threat to infants' language development."
A survey of American families found that about 30% families have the habit of turning on the TV without watching it. This habit is very harmful to toddlers, which will affect their language development ability, and then affect their brain development. Researchers warn that adults should not use TV as a "tool" to coax babies. Television can not only take care of babies, but also reduce the direct communication between babies and adults, thus affecting their cognitive ability.
Studies have also shown that in addition to slow language expression, watching TV too much can also lead to inattention and cognitive impairment in infants. Professor christakis explained that this is because language development is a key factor in infant brain development.
Research shows that every time the TV in the room is turned on 1 hour, the vocabulary that babies hear from adults in front of the TV will be reduced by 500 ~ 1000. Professor christakis said: "Normally, adults who take care of babies say about 94 1 words to their children every hour. However, it is found that once children face TV, adults' words are reduced by 770 words in 1 hour, and the conversation with children is almost completely gone. "
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends:
Infants under 2 years old should not watch TV, and older children should not watch TV for more than 2 hours a day.
The researchers said that parents who often like to use TV as a tool to coax their children should be careful not to immerse their children too much in the TV environment.
At present, the disadvantages of watching too much TV have been criticized one by one. For example, children watching TV for a long time will cause myopia, hyperopia, strabismus and inattention; Television will deprive children of their thinking ability; Paying too much attention to TV will make babies ignore their toys and children, be unwilling to communicate with others, and even have "TV autism". The survey results in Japan also show that the longer infants under two watch TV, the weaker their language skills.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that infants under 2 years old should not watch TV, and older children should not watch TV for more than 2 hours every day. In addition, some experts suggest that the TV should be turned off when breastfeeding and eating, and the TV should not be placed in the room where the baby lives. Some experts suggest that children before the age of 3 should watch TV no more than twice a week for no more than 15 minutes each time. Parents should strengthen direct communication with their babies.