1, calculate n plus 1. Any child who can count in turn and understand that it means to increase 1 can easily learn to calculate n plus 1, including 10 plus 1, 20 plus 1, 99 plus 65438+.
2. Calculate N minus 1. Any child who can count backwards and understand the meaning of minus 1 can learn to calculate N minus 1, including 1 1 minus 1, 2 1 minus 1 and/kloc-0.
3. Add and subtract integers 10, such as 10 plus 10, 20 plus 10, ... 90 plus 10. Children who can count each 10 and understand that it means increasing or decreasing 10 in turn are easy to learn.
4. Addition and subtraction of integer 5, such as 0 plus 5, 5 plus 5, 10 plus 5, or even 95 plus 5, is not difficult for children who can count every 5, and it is understandable that it means addition and subtraction of 5.
5. Calculate 10 plus n, including 10 plus 1, 10 plus 2... 10 plus 9. Once children understand that 10 plus a few equals more than ten, they can not only quickly calculate 10 plus n, but also generalize it to 20 plus n.
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Method 1, number axis method:
It is very commonly used in foreign mathematics enlightenment education system. Just change a line with the arrow and mark the number from 1 to 10, and a simple and clear number axis will be done.
Children can easily understand the relationship between sequence and size by observing the numbers before and after a certain number on the number axis, which is also a powerful point of modeling thinking. It helps children to make a smooth transition from concrete to abstract. We can usually draw this number axis on the map ourselves and let the children fill in the blanks.
When children gradually master the number axis and can successfully fill in the numbers in different positions on the number axis, they can start to try to draw the number axis to assist the addition and subtraction calculation. In this way, children can correspond specific perceptual axes with abstract numerical symbols one by one. Help them to transition to the abstract level in the early education of preschool mathematics.
Method 2, mathematical balance game method:
Parents can try this artifact-mathematical balance toy when tutoring their children in addition and subtraction. This toy makes children learn mathematics by themselves with interest in an innovative way, and is interested in the weight and balance of numbers, making the boring learning process lively and interesting.
The concretization and gamification of abstract mathematics can guide children to achieve balance through constant trial and error and exercise their hands-on and brain skills. The rules are simple and easy to implement, and they are playable, which is also conducive to cultivating children's concentration.
Each number has a corresponding weight. Put the corresponding number of figures so that the total on both sides is equal, and the small balance will be balanced. We can directly put the numbers, 5 and 3 on the left, 8 on the right, and 5+3=8. It can also be more interesting. Five little frogs and three little rabbits, how much is a * * *? The weight of five little frogs and three little rabbits is the same as the number 8, and 5+3=8.
Method three, fractional learning method:
Calculation is based on the decomposition and combination of numbers. Only when children fully understand the division of numbers can they master the operation rules of numbers, add and subtract one by one, and understand the related operation methods of carry addition and borrow subtraction. Dividing ruler can easily help children learn to divide numbers.
Addition is in front of the ruler, and subtraction is behind the ruler. For example, 10 can be decomposed into 1 and 9 and converted into addition calculation. 1+9 =10,10-1= 9. We can also practice division, addition and subtraction of numbers with small sticks.
Let the children take out sticks of two colors. The total number of sticks is five. For example, 5 can be divided into 1 and 4,1+4 = 5,5-1= 4, or 2 and 3,2+3 = 5,5-2 = 3.