Rhythmic rest practice will cause inner tension. In training, we should overcome the inner tension, face it with a normal heart, and don't disturb the original speed as soon as we meet this rhythm. Attention should be paid to stabilizing the inner sense of speed and strengthening the inner sense of rhythm. When practicing, you can meditate on the duration of the rest in your mind, so that for practitioners, you can grasp the duration of the rest more accurately.
The appearance of syncopation will change the law of beat strength. When practicing syncopation, we should pay attention to the fact that in the beat where syncopation is located, the first sound is not stress, and the stress is transferred to the second sound, so the second sound appears stronger than other sounds in the beat.
There are often dotted rhythms in music, such as ××. , xx. And so on. We often ignore the duration of attachment, and often stop when the duration of attachment is not extended enough. Over time, we will form the bad habit of stopping before the duration is extended enough. It will also affect the characteristics of the rhythm type of the back point in music and the expressive force of music, so we must extend the duration of the back point long enough.
In the practice of Legato, the rhythm of Legato will show its particularity in the inherent beat. Pay attention to the duration of the beat, distribute the sound length evenly within a fixed duration, and pay more attention to its connection with other rhythms.
02, rhythm practice.
Rhythmic exercise has strong emotional effect and unique performance function, which often corresponds to people's psychological activities. A good sense of rhythm is a keen perception and accurate expression of various factors of rhythm. The sense of rhythm is the basis and condition for the formation of music perception and understanding.
The training of sense of rhythm can begin with the cultivation of sense of rhythm. For example, practice counting beats with a metronome. First hit one tone, two tones, three tones and four tones with the metronome, and then practice walking or running by counting the balance codes yourself. It is easy to make the balanced beat feel solid in your mind, and you can have an inner sense of balance between speed and beat, which is the basis for developing rhythm training and laying a good foundation for learning rhythm.
Rhythm training can also be added to recitation. We live in a language environment, and language itself contains rich and vivid rhythms. It is relatively easy to master the rhythm of music from the rhythm of language, and we should start with rhythmic reading. For example, read some simple poems and songs rhythmically, or improvise some rhythmic words and beat the rhythm with your hands while reading.
If you read poetry rhythmically:
× ×.× × ×— | × ×.× × ×|
The sun was slowly sinking near the western hills, and the yellow river flowed into the east sea.
× ×.× × ×— | × ×.× × ×|
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
In this way, we not only practiced the rhythm, but also cultivated our writing ability and experienced the sense of rhythm. In the process of rhythm training, you can also add basic command gestures, which will be of great help to rhythm training. If you read the rhythm with your mouth and beat the beat with your hands at the same time, and ensure that the speed of each beat is consistent, you should start from slow practice and slowly speed up the practice to make the action of strong beat more obvious than that of weak beat. On the one hand, students can correctly read the standard speed required by each rhythm, and at the same time, it is helpful to cultivate musical expression.
With the development of the times, the change of educational concept will inevitably lead to the reform of teaching methods. Today, great changes have taken place in our educational thoughts. We should not only "preach, teach and dispel doubts", but also cultivate students' comprehensive quality, especially their innovative ability, and so should music education. Music is the art of sound and hearing, and auditory memory has a wide range of meanings. Auditory memory is an important prerequisite for developing memory, and good psychological preparation for memory is an important factor affecting auditory memory.
1 rhythm overview
Rhythm is the earliest formal element in music and the most dynamic expressive element in music. Compared with other musical elements, rhythm "is related to all the factors of' time' in music, which is different from the aspect of pitch in music". Rhythm is people's expression and perception of time elements in the field of music, and there are different levels of understanding of rhythm. In a narrow sense, it is only the length and combination of pronunciation points, which is about the specific form. However, in actual music, rhythm units with the same nature and the same pronunciation points may be different from one work to another, which are closely related to many factors in music, such as speed, duration, beat, stress, bars and so on. Especially in the process of sound pattern combination, rhythm units with the same nature and the same pronunciation points may be due to. The generalized rhythm will also involve the period of musical works, that is, the division of "syntax" or "musical structure", the problem of proportion and balance.
2 Rhythm listening and memory training methods
For some basic rhythm division, as Li Zhongguang said, "No matter how complicated the rhythm is, after subdivision, it is composed of the simplest relationship of 2: 1". That is to say, the first half beat and the second half beat are equally accepted, and one note is patted every half. This rhythm seems simple, and it seems that everyone can do it, but it is not easy to master it accurately and truly. Many people just don't train seriously because they feel simple, so they can't master complex rhythm training without laying a solid and accurate foundation. As long as the basic relationship of "2: 1" is mastered, all rhythm exercises belonging to the basic division can be bypassed by analogy. For example, syncopation rhythm is a rhythm that ordinary students find difficult. In fact, as long as they can sing every two octaves accurately, syncopation rhythm is just to connect the two octaves in the middle. Master the big syncopation (that is, syncopation rhythm within two beats), in which the eighth note becomes two sixteenth notes, and then you can master the more complicated syncopation rhythm. Such as 2/4 xx | xx | xx | x-‖.
Another example: dot notes. Usually, some students' understanding of dotted notes is not accurate enough. The postscript is long or short, and the notes that appear after the postscript are sooner or later. When training, you should train the attached points into notes and divide them into 2: 1. For example, you can write the attached quarter note as 2/4 beat X X, and then connect the two notes. If you can't pronounce it correctly, you can read the first sound of the second beat as a, which is xx, and then read A lightly to become xx.
In addition, no matter how complicated the rhythm of the basic beat is, the training method of beat can be changed into a very simple rhythm by increasing the unit beat value. We should repeatedly train and imitate the basic rhythm patterns we have learned. The basic rhythm and its variants are various, but they are all the same. If we master some of their most basic rhythms, then let them be reversed, split, and add affixes, rests or sustain lines, and the complex rhythms derived will be solved.
3 cultivate a sense of rhythm
Rhythm training, in a sense, is also to accurately express musical emotions. The expression of this musical emotion is precisely the feeling of rhythm in the actual training of rhythm, which is also called "sense of rhythm". We usually say that someone has a good sense of rhythm, which mainly means that this person has a strong ability to respond to rhythm, can grasp the rhythm accurately and quickly, and can keep this speed in line with the rhythm of music throughout the song.
The ultimate goal of rhythm training is to develop the correct combination of speed sense, beat sense and sound value. Among the time factors that constitute music, rhythm, beat and speed are the three most basic elements. Therefore, we should also cultivate and train students' sense of rhythm from these three aspects. Rhythm is achieved by beat, and the sense of speed is the sense of beat. In teaching, students are required to maintain a stable speed and the ability to beat evenly. It is very important to maintain stability, that is, we should not be faster and slower, and we should not be slower and slower. This is the most basic sense of beat. In this process, students are required to swing the beat (there are also beating methods such as kicking, stamping and twisting fingers in foreign training), so that students can measure the rhythm with the correct beat feeling as the standard.
But the training of beat sense is intertwined with the change of rhythm. The more complicated the rhythm, the more difficult it is to stabilize the sense of beat. Therefore, the training of beat sense needs to run through the whole rhythm training, so that students can have a stable and certain beat sense in their inner hearing, so as not to be in a hurry in the complex and multi-voice relationship. Among them, the grasp of rhythm stress and rhythm stress is very important. No matter what beat, bars are divided by strong beats, that is, rhythmic stress. This is the feeling of rhythm stress. If the rhythm stress and rhythm stress are wrong, the bar will be crossed wrong and unrecognizable.
The training of music rhythm is a process from perceptual knowledge to rational learning to perceptual accumulation, and it is also a process of continuous practice and theory. It can never be done overnight, and it takes long-term unremitting training to achieve a qualitative leap.