More and more parents require their children to enter the park before the age of 3, which not only marks the development of social education concept, but also reflects the expansion of people's demand for high-quality preschool education after the improvement of living standards. At present, according to the needs of local economic, cultural and social development, many provinces and cities propose to establish a complete early education system for 0-6 years old, which reflects the government's concern and attention to the needs of early education in society. So, what do we think of kindergarten early education classes? How to develop kindergarten early education classes?

First, the current situation of social demand for preschool education

There are various forms of kindergarten education for young children.

At present, at the request of parents, many kindergartens begin to provide various forms of education for children, such as nursery classes (generally enrolling children aged 65,438+0.5 to under 3 years old), parent-child classes (generally enrolling children aged several months to under 3 years old and their parents to participate in various game activities) and small class learning (generally enrolling children aged 2.5 to under 3 years old to live and study in small classes in kindergartens). According to the 103 kindergartens investigated by the author, 33.98% of the kindergartens surveyed offer nursing classes; Small-class kindergartens account for 43.69% of the total number of kindergartens surveyed. It can be seen that small-class and nursing classes are the two main forms of kindergarten early childhood education, followed by parent-child classes, accounting for 20.38% of the total number of kindergartens surveyed. Kindergartens that offer both parent-child classes and nursery classes also account for a certain proportion, accounting for 5.83%.

(B) The phenomenon of small class learning is prominent.

The survey found that although the number of children studying in small classes in a single kindergarten is small, this phenomenon is quite common, and many kindergarten teachers call it "a form of early education with China characteristics". Judging from the data mentioned above, almost half of kindergartens have the phenomenon of small class learning. Therefore, the author made a further investigation on the reasons for its establishment through questionnaires and interviews. The results show that (1) kindergartens do not offer nursing classes, which accounts for 33.98% of the total kindergartens surveyed. 40.77% of the kindergartens surveyed have children in small classes because of the lack of specialized teachers to educate children. 36.89% of the kindergartens surveyed can only carry out small-class education due to the limitation of facilities and venues; Other reasons (for example, many parents entrust their children to leave the kindergarten as soon as possible) account for 1 1.65% (note: when answering this question, the kindergartens interviewed can choose more than one).

The phenomenon of children learning in small classes is mostly concentrated in public kindergartens that have been running for a long time and are not worried about students. The main problems they face include: First, kindergartens do not have qualified facilities and sufficient venues. As we all know, at present, the hardware facilities of kindergartens are basically designed according to the development level of children, and children don't need much. For example, the toilet equipped in kindergarten, the squatting distance of toilet pit is designed for children, whose musculoskeletal development is not yet mature and their self-reliance ability is poor. If they are not careful, they will fall into the toilet pit and may be life-threatening. During the interview, many directors showed anxiety because they didn't have the funds to rebuild and expand the garden to meet the needs of children's physical and mental development. Second, there are no qualified teachers in kindergartens to educate young children.

Because there are significant differences between children and children in physiology, psychology, movement, self-reliance and self-care ability, their teacher standards and specifications, working procedures and requirements are also different. At present, there is no formal training institution for early education teachers in China. Teachers' colleges and preschool teachers' colleges do not offer related majors. Only some private training institutions carry out early education teacher training based on business opportunities. These private training institutions are usually lack of norms, and most of them only provide short-term training, which can't train qualified teachers who are qualified for early childhood education. Lan is a kindergarten without corresponding policy support. At present, the country has not planned and managed the regular preschool education series for children aged 0-3, so there is no clear regulation on the fees for this age group. Public kindergartens can only refer to the charging standards of kindergarten teachers' classes when recruiting children to start nursing classes, but not to kindergarten teachers' classes in terms of teachers' equipment, because children have poor self-control and low language expression ability, and many children have not yet developed the habit of defecation. I often pee on my body. I can't handle it without a teacher. This greatly limits the benefits of running public kindergartens, thus affecting the downward extension of the enrollment scale of public kindergartens.

(3) Kindergartens and parent-child classes have huge potential students.

In some kindergartens that have not yet opened kindergartens and parent-child classes, the author investigated the expectations of students with low preschool age. The results show that among the 103 kindergartens surveyed, 75.73% answered "yes"; 14.56% of the kindergartens surveyed answered "possible"; Only 9.7 1% of the kindergartens surveyed answered "unclear". In order to confirm the prediction of kindergarten children, the author also visited some private preschool education and training centers and found that most of their students were between 1~2 years old, with the youngest being 8 months and the oldest being 2 years and 9 months. When asked why parents don't send their children to kindergarten, most of the parents interviewed replied that they don't want to send their children to kindergarten. Judging from the geographical distribution of their students, they mainly come from nearby communities, but also from other distant communities. For example, when I was investigating, I once met a grandmother who was about 50 years old. Her home is about 15 kilometers away from the early education center where her children go, and she needs to change buses twice. When asked why she took her children to study in such a far place, she said that early education is so important that it is appropriate to pay some hard work. The kindergarten in the community only recruits children over 2 years old, while her grandson is 1.5 years old. Looking for a relationship, the community kindergarten just doesn't accept it. There are countless situations like J. From the tone and expression of these parents, we can see that they feel helpless about not enrolling children in kindergartens. This shows from another angle that there are plenty of potential students to set up nursery classes or parent-child classes in kindergartens, and the social demand for early childhood education is already very strong.

(D) It is the general trend that parents hope that their children will receive early education as soon as possible.

The author conducted a special investigation on the reasons why parents want their children to enter kindergarten. The results show that, except for 10.68% parents who can't explain the reasons, parents all want their children to receive education as soon as possible, accounting for 69.90% of the total parents surveyed. Secondly, it is mainly because parents are too busy to take care of their children, accounting for 33.98%, which shows that the acceleration of social rhythm challenges the educational function of families; Once again, because children are not easy to manage, they want their children to receive education to change some bad habits formed at home, accounting for 4.85% (note: parents can choose more than one answer to this question). Through interviews with some parents, the author also learned that parents think it is their ideal choice to send their children to the garden. Hiring nannies is not only expensive, but also most nannies have low education level and do not understand preschool education. This shows that the credibility and status of kindergarten education in the eyes of parents is still relatively high.

Parents want their children to receive education as soon as possible, mainly because of the following factors: First, the implementation of the one-child policy in China makes each family have only one child, the social competition is becoming more and more fierce, and the employment pressure is increasing. Many parents hope that kindergarten education can be extended as much as possible because they are afraid that their children will lose at the starting line; Second, with the continuous improvement of parents' educational level and literacy, the understanding of the importance of early childhood education is also constantly improving. In the interview, when the author talks about the key periods of children's physical and mental development, parents will talk happily, which is quite different from the situation that educators had to spend a lot of time explaining these strange terms to parents when they were doing home visits or lectures 20 years ago. It can be seen that it is the general trend that parents want their children to receive education as soon as possible, and the state and government should attach importance to vigorously developing early childhood education.