Final examination and paper analysis

Atomic weight: h1n14o1623 24 27s32.

35.5 40 56 64 65 108

1. Multiple choice questions (this question *** 15 points) each question has only one correct answer, and its label is filled in the brackets below. 65438+ 0 point for each question.

1. Among the following changes, the physical change is ().

A. Weathering of sodium carbonate crystals

B.iron rusts.

C. Iron melts into "molten iron"

D. Pigments in colored flowers will show different colors when they meet acid or alkali solutions.

2. The use of the following substances is related to the physical properties of substances ()

A dilute sulfuric acid is used to remove rust on the surface of metal products.

B. smelting pig iron with carbon monoxide

C. slaked lime is used to improve acidic soil

D. Dry ice is used as refrigerant.

3. In the following ionization equation, the correct one is ().

A.

B.

C.

D.

4. In the following substances, alkali belongs to ().

A. ammonia () B.

C. soda ash D. basic copper carbonate

5. In the following groups of substances, the order of acid oxide, normal salt, acid salt and mixture is ().

A. Copper oxide, potassium chloride, sodium bisulfate and petroleum

B. Sulfur trioxide, sodium carbonate, bisulfate and tap water

C. Mercury oxide, ammonium chloride, magnesium nitrate and aluminum powder

Carbon dioxide, ferrous sulfide, sodium bicarbonate and air.

6. The following groups of substances, the same element shows the same valence is ().

A. and

B.、 、

C.

D.

7. After adding the following substances into distilled water, the pH value of the obtained solution is equal to 7 ()

A. sulfur dioxide. quicklime

C. acetic acid D. potassium nitrate

8.x, Y and Z are three metals. According to the following chemical equation, the active order of the three metals is ().

( 1)

(2) No reaction occurred

(3)

(4)

A.Z & gtX & gtY B. Y & gtX & gtZ

C.X & gtY & gtZD . X & gt； Z & gtY

9. A group of substances that cannot be recognized by water is ()

A. and B. dilute sulfuric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid

C. and D. copper sulfate and anhydrous copper sulfate

10. Among the following substances, under certain conditions, the substance that can react with is ().

① Caustic sodium solution ② Lime water

③ Water ④ Simple carbon

A. Only ② B. Only ② and ③

C. Only ①, ② and ③ D. ①, ②, ③ and ④

1 1. What can't react after the following groups of substances are mixed with each other is ().

A. and dilute sulfuric acid

B. Solutions and solutions

C. and dilute hydrochloric acid

D. Solutions and solutions

12. In order to distinguish dilute sulfuric acid from clarified limewater, the optional substance is ().

① solution ② solution

③ litmus test solution ④ phenolphthalein test solution

A. Only ① and ③ B. Only ② and ④

C. Only ①, ② and ③ D. ①, ②, ③ and ④

13. For the reaction that only produces two compounds, the following statement is correct ().

A. it must be a double decomposition reaction. B.it must not be a decomposition reaction.

C. it may be a displacement reaction. D. it can't be a combination reaction.

14. The following metals with the same mass react with enough hydrochloric acid respectively, giving off the least hydrogen ().

A.B. C. D。

15. Put the iron sheet into the solution of the following substances and take it out later. The quality of the solution has been improved ().

A. Solution B. Solution

C. dilute sulfuric acid solution

Two. Multiple choice questions (this question ***20 points) each question has 1~2 correct answers, and the labels are filled in brackets. 2 points for each question. If there is only one option in the correct answer, no extra points will be given for multiple choices; If the correct answer contains two options, only choose one and give 1 point correctly, and no points will be deducted for one-on-one mistakes.

16. Of the following statements, the correct one is ().

Compounds that can ionize hydrogen ions must belong to acids.

B. Compounds that can ionize hydrogen ions may belong to acids.

Compounds that can react with acids to form salts and water must belong to alkali.

Compounds that can ionize to produce ions may belong to acids or salts.

17. Among the following experimental drugs, the one that must be sealed is ().

A. Sodium hydroxide and potassium nitrate

C. anhydrous copper sulfate D. manganese dioxide

18. Among the following substances, the one that can react with,, and is ().

A. Solution B. Dilute hydrochloric acid

C. Solutions D. Solutions

19. At room temperature, the following solutions can react with each other ().

A.、 、

B.、 、

C.、 、

D.、 、

20. In the following chemical changes: the substance represented by X can be ().

A.B.

C.D.

2 1. After the solutions of the following groups of substances are mixed, there must be precipitation () in the end.

A.、 、

B.、 、

C.、 、

D.、 、

22. The following groups of substances, after adding enough water at the same time, produce white precipitate, and then add enough dilute nitric acid, the precipitate disappears and no gas is released ().

A.、b、

C.、d、

23. Among the following changes, () can only be achieved by one-step reaction with acid.

A.B.

C.D.

24. To remove a small amount of sulfuric acid from copper sulfate solution, you can add a little excess ().

A.B.

C.D.

25. In the following statement, the correct one is ().

A. introducing colorless gas into the purple litmus test solution, and the purple litmus test solution turns red. Colorless gas must be carbon dioxide.

B. Drop the solution into the solution to form a white precipitate insoluble in dilute nitric acid, which must contain ions.

C, adding it into distilled water dripping with phenolphthalein test solution, and the phenolphthalein test solution turns red.

D. Dropping phenolphthalein test solution into colorless solution, and the solution turns red. The solution must be alkaline.

3. Fill in the blanks (20 points for this question * * *)

26.(5 points) In the experiment of reducing copper oxide with carbon monoxide, in order to prevent unreacted carbon monoxide from polluting the air, carbon monoxide can be ignited, and the chemical equation of the reaction is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; The waste gas discharged from industrial production often contains sulfur dioxide, which pollutes the air. It is usually absorbed by sodium hydroxide solution to eliminate pollution. The chemical equation of the reaction is _ _ _ _ _ _ _, indicating that sulfur dioxide is a _ _ _ _ _ _ oxide.

27.(2 points) There are four substances: A, B, C and D. A is a purplish red metal, which can generate B after heating in air, while hot B can generate A after reacting with enough hydrogen, and B can generate a blue solution after completely reacting with dilute sulfuric acid, in which the solute is C. After completely reacting with D, the solution of C can be converted into a light green solution and generate A at the same time. Then the chemical formula of C is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the chemical formula of D is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

28.(2 points) Inferred from the following mutual transformation relationship between simple materials and compounds:

Element X+ compound a element Y+ compound b

(1) If X is a red solid and Y is a solid, the chemical formula of compound A is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _;

(2) If compound B is a gas at room temperature, the chemical formula of X is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

29.(6 points) Add excessive hydrochloric acid into a beaker filled with iron oxide, and the chemical formula of solute in the solution obtained after full reaction is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; Then add enough sodium hydroxide solution to the solution after the above reaction, and write the chemical equation of the reaction at this time: _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

30.(3 points) There are four substances: sodium nitrite, hydrated lime, aluminum hydroxide and copper sulfate. Medicine can use _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to neutralize excessive gastric acid; _ _ _ _ _ _ _ can be used to prepare pesticide Bordeaux solution; Industrial salt _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is mistaken for salt, which can make people toxic after eating.

There are four kinds of ions in 3 1.( 1 min) solution:,, where the ratio of ion number is, if the ion number is 3a, the ion number is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

32.( 1) Iron powder containing a small amount of copper oxide reacts with a certain amount of dilute sulfuric acid to prepare ferrous sulfate, which is filtered after full reaction. Only iron powder is left in the original reactant, so there must be _ _ _ _ _ in the insoluble matter filtered out.

Four. Short answer questions (this question * *18 points)

33.( 1) Only one reagent is used to distinguish three colorless solutions of magnesium chloride, barium chloride and potassium hydroxide (three colorless solutions are not allowed to react with each other), so the chemical formula of this reagent is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

34.( 1) If only one reagent is allowed to remove a small amount of magnesium sulfate mixed in potassium nitrate solution, the chemical formula of the reagent is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

35.(2 points) expressed by chemical equation: How to distinguish sodium chloride solution from sodium sulfate solution? ___________

36.(4 points) is expressed by two chemical equations: there is a white precipitation reaction insoluble in dilute nitric acid in each solution. It is required that the chemical formula of the white precipitate generated by the two reactions is different, and no other precipitate is generated, and the two reactants in each reaction belong to different types of compounds.

( 1)___________ (2)___________

37.(4 points) Choose the appropriate substance from,, solution and dilute nitric acid (the mass fraction of solute is 5%), and write the corresponding chemical equation according to the following requirements:

(1) substitution reaction: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(2) metathesis reaction: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

38.(6 points) Make caustic soda with limestone, soda ash and other substances as the main raw materials, and write the chemical equation about the reaction.

Five. Experimental problem (this problem *** 16 points)

39.(7 points) There are five colorless solutions: A, B, C, D and E, which are one of limewater, dilute nitric acid, magnesium chloride solution, sodium hydroxide solution and potassium carbonate solution. The reaction phenomena between five colorless solutions are as follows (regarded as soluble):

experiment

A+B

B+E

D+E

C+D

phenomenon

Precipitation formation

Precipitation formation

Precipitation formation

There is gas generation

According to the above experimental phenomena, the chemical formulas of five substances can be inferred:

A is _ _ _ _ _ _, B is _ _ _ _ _, C is _ _ _ _ _, D is _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and E is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Write the chemical equation of the reaction between C and D: _ _ _ _ _ _.

40.(3 points) Solutions A and B contain seven kinds of ions:,,,,,. As we all know, the ions contained in the two solutions are different. Solution A contains four kinds of ions, and the purple litmus test solution can turn blue, so the ion contained in solution B is _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Dropping excessive dilute sulfuric acid into solution A, the experimental phenomenon is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

4 1.(6 points) It is known that the mixed gas consists of,,,. A student selects an appropriate device (the same device can be selected repeatedly) from the following four instruments and devices, and makes the mixed gas pass through each instrument and device in turn, thus verifying the existence of each gas component. (Assuming that every step of the reaction is completed)

(1) (1) The instruments and equipment selected by students and their reasonable order are (fill in the code) _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) According to the above order, the functions of the first four instruments and devices are:

The first device _ _ _ _ The second device _ _ _ _

The third device _ _ _ _ The fourth device _ _ _ _

A B C D

Six. Calculation problem (subject * *11)

42.(3 points) The reaction between 2 grams of copper oxide and 48 grams of dilute sulfuric acid is completely complete. Calculate the mass fraction of solute in the obtained solution.

43.(8 points) A certain quality of 20% caustic soda solution and a certain quality of magnesium sulfate solution just completely react. The mass of the obtained solution is 142g, in which the mass fraction of solute is 15%. Calculate the mass fraction of solute in magnesium sulfate solution. (The calculation result is accurate to 0. 1%)

Test answer

I.i. (15) 65438+ 0 for each question.

1

2

three

four

five

six

seven

eight

nine

10

1 1

12

13

14

15

C

D

B

A

D

B

D

A

C

D

B

D

D

A

C

2.(20 points) 2 points for each question.

16

17

18

19

20

2 1

22

23

24

25

b、D

A, C

B

D

b、D

B, C

C

A

C

D

III.26. (5 points)

(2 points)

(2 points)

Acid (1)

27.(2 points) (1 minute) (1 minute)

28.(2 points)

( 1) ( 1)

(2)C ( 1)

29.(2 points) and (2 points)

(2 points)

(2 points)

30.(3 points)

Aluminum hydroxide [or] (1 min)

Hydrated lime and copper sulfate [or sum] (1 min)

Sodium nitrite [or] (1 min)

3 1.8a

32.( 1) copper

Four.

33.( 1)[ or, or]

34.( 1)

35.(2 points)

[or

Or]

36.(4 points)

(1) (2 points)

(2)

[or

or

Or] (2 points)

[Note: In answer (2), the same soluble sulfate can be used instead]

37.(4 points)

(1) (2 points)

(2) (2 points)

38.(6 points)

(2 points)

(2 points)

(2 points)

Five.

39.(7 points) (1 minute) (1 minute)

( 1) ( 1) ( 1)

(2 points)

40.(3 points), (2 points)

Gas generation (1 min)

4 1.(6 points)

(1)C, b, d, a, c (or c, a, d, a, C) (2 points)

(2) Verify that the original mixed gas contains (1 min)

Remove the gas from the clarified limewater from the original mixed gas (1)

Convert (gas) and (1) in the original mixed gas respectively.

Verify that (gas) is generated in device D, thereby verifying that the original mixed gas contains (1 min).

Six.

42.(3 points)

Solution: let the generated mass be x.

( 1)

80 160

2 grams x

Gram (1 point)

Mass fraction in the obtained solution

( 1)

A: The mass fraction of solute in the obtained solution is.

43.(8 points)

Solution: The mass produced by the reaction is grams (1 min).

Let the reaction mass be x, y and z.

80 120 58 142

X y z 2 1.3 g

( 1)

Gram x = 12g (1 point)

G y = 18g (1 point)

( 1)

Solution quality (1)

Solution mass =142g+8.7g-60g = 90.7g (1).

Mass fraction in solution (1)

Answer: The mass fraction of solute in magnesium sulfate solution is.

mathematics

First, multiple-choice questions (3 points for each small question, *** 18 points)

1, among the following events, the inevitable event is ()

Turn on the TV, the news is playing. Father is older than son.

C, through long-term hard study, you will become a mathematician D, when it rains, everyone takes an umbrella.

2, the following simplified with the same square root number is ()

A, B, C and D

3. The following patterns are all formed by combining the letters "m" through deformation, among which () is not central symmetry.

4. As shown in the figure, if the diameter CD of ⊙O passes through the midpoint G of the chord EF and ∠ EOD = 40, then ∠DCF is equal to ().

a、80 B、50 C、40 D、20

5. Given that the radii of two circles are 1 and 4, respectively, and the center distance is 3, the positional relationship between the two circles is ().

A, circumscribed b, circumscribed c, intersecting inscribed.

6. As shown in the figure, the inner angle of diamond-shaped paper ABCD is 60 and the side length is 2. Bypass the diagonal intersection o.

Rotate 90 clockwise to the position of A'B'C'D', and then rotate the front and back two diamonds.

English

First, single choice.

() 1. If you want to change a double room, you have to pay _ _ _ _ _ _.

15.

A. Another B. Other C. More

When I came in, I saw him watching TV.

A. Watch

() 3.- My prize is different from _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

-But _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the same as mine.

A. Dick; Your penis. Your penis. your

() 4. I can

physics

1. Fill in the blank: (***42 points, 65438+ 0 points per grid)

1. The specific heat of water is, read as, its physical meaning is

. When the temperature of a metal block with a mass of 100g drops from 1400℃ to 20℃, the heat of 1.8× 104J is released, and the specific heat of this metal is. If 50 g of water at 30℃ is used to absorb the heat released by the metal block at 1 standard atmospheric pressure, the temperature of water will increase℃.

2. Tell the meaning of the word "hot" in the following sentences:

(1). It's very hot today, and the heat here means;

(2) The exothermic temperature of an object rises, and the heat here refers to

history

First, multiple-choice questions (32 points)

1, 1660, the British bourgeoisie and new noble accepted the restoration of the Stuart dynasty for the purpose of ().

A, ending the military dictatorship b, rebuilding the feudal dynasty

C. compromise with feudal forces D. safeguard the revolutionary achievements that have been made.

2. The bloody plundering methods of Western European colonists mainly include ()

(1) Naked violent robbery (2) Gong Duan's colonial production and trade.

(3) unequal exchange (4) paralyzing people with religion.

a、①②③④ B、①③④ C、②③④ D、①②③

3, the decisive factor for Britain to become a developed capitalist country is ()

A, plunder colonial wealth b, conduct overseas trade.

C, exploitation of their own people D, trafficking in black slaves

4, the reasons for the outbreak of the American War of Independence do not include ()

A. Britain tried its best to suppress the economic development of North America. B. Britain adopted a high-handed policy towards North America politically.

C, North American people's resistance is high D, Britain established a colony in Canada.

5, the root cause of the collapse of the first empire of France is ()

A. The overthrown Bourbon Dynasty made a comeback. B. The anti-French alliance defeated Napoleon twice.

C. 18 12 attacking Russia was a major failure. C. the expansion of France caused widespread resistance from the European people.

6. Britain became the largest colonial country in the world in ().

A,1early 7th century b,1late 6th century c,1mid 7th century d,1mid 8th century.

7, the following is not an enlightenment thinker ()

A, Voltaire B, Montesquieu C, Rousseau D, robespierre

8, the first industrial revolution is a crucial link ()

A, the use of steam engine B, hydraulic variable power

C, the invention of the machine D, machine production replaced handicraft labor.

9, the innovation of transportation is first of all, the country made a breakthrough ().

A, Britain B, America C, France D, Germany

10, a historical event marking the birth of scientific socialism ()

A, the three major workers' movements b, the establishment of the proletarian communication committee.

C, the publication of the producer's * * * declaration D, the establishment of the producer's * * * alliance.

1 1, the root cause of the American civil war is ()

A, continue to oppose Britain's interference in North America; b, abolish black slavery.

C, Lincoln was elected President D, the contradiction between the two economic systems

12. In modern history, which of the following countries solved the land problem through "redemption" in the reform? ()

A, Russia B, Japan C, Britain D, Netherlands

13. The following statement about the similarity between Germany and risorgimento is incorrect ().

1. The reason for reunification is economic development. B, the unified order is north first and then south.

C, the way of reunification is people's spontaneous uprising D, the nature of reunification is bourgeois movement.

14, the victory of the British bourgeois revolution marks the worldwide ()

A, the establishment of the constitutional monarchy bourgeois regime B, the arrival of the bourgeois revolutionary era.

C, the beginning of capitalist colonial expansion and plunder D, the beginning of the industrial revolution

15, the comment on 186 1 Russian reform and Japanese civil administration reform is incorrect ().

First, they are all top-down bourgeois reforms. B, the main content is to abolish serfdom.

C, have made our country embark on the road of capitalist development D, have retained a large number of feudal remnants.

16, the following does not have the nature of bourgeois revolution or reform is ()

A, American Civil War B, the reform of Peter I in Russia

C, Fuxing D, Meiji Restoration in Japan

Second, the material question (20 points, 2 points for each small question)

17, read the following materials:

"The revolutions of 1640 and 1789 are not revolutions of Britain and France, but revolutions of Europe. They are not only the victory of a certain class over the old social system, but also the victory of the new political system in European society. "

Please answer:

(1), write "1640 rpm and 1789 rpm" respectively. (2 points)

(2) What is the "old political system" referred to in the materials? What does "new political system" mean? (2 points)

(3) Why do you say "this is a European revolution"? (2 points)

18, read the following remarks of Lincoln 1858- 1860:

Material 1: "A cracked house is untenable." I believe that this government cannot remain semi-slave and semi-free forever. I don't expect the house to collapse, but I do hope it won't crack again. "

Material 2: "Federation must and will be preserved."

According to what you have learned, please answer:

What are the economic forms of "semi-slavery" and "semi-freedom" in (1) and material 1 respectively? (2 points)

(2) What thoughts of Lincoln are reflected in the materials 1 and 2? (2 points)

(3) What specific measures did Lincoln take in the American Civil War to realize the above proposition? (2 points)

(4) What is the positive significance of Lincoln's realization of the above proposition? (2 points)

19, read the following materials:

"A man who fought for the cause of revival and independence and won a brilliant victory."

-Engels

Please answer:

(1), who is this man praised by Engels? (2 points)

(2) What did this man do for the cause of revival and independence? (2 points)

(3) When was the Kingdom of Italy founded? When was the final reunification completed? (2 points)

Three. Questions and answers (8 points)

Since the 20th century16th century, many countries in Europe, America and Asia have embarked on the road of capitalist development. Answer the following questions accordingly:

(1), what are the specific ways for Britain, America, Japan and Germany to embark on the road of capitalist development? (4 points)

(2) Give examples of important documents issued by Anglo-American law in the process of capitalist revolution. (2 points)

(3) Why did Russia and Japan retain a large number of feudal remnants after the revolution? (2 points)