With the liberalization of the second child, there is a big gap in kindergarten teachers in China. Preschool education is preschool education, which mainly refers to the education of children aged 3-6. Preschool education is the second half of preschool education or early education, and it is an important and special stage of one's education and development.
Based on the theory of "three-dimensional balanced development of physical quality, intelligence and psychological ability", preschool education extracts nine growth goals of children: security, willpower, sense of purpose, attention, memory, thinking ability, balance, strength and speed.
Early childhood education can also be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Broadly speaking, all purposeful activities that can affect children's physical growth and cognitive, emotional and personality development, such as watching TV, doing housework and participating in social activities under the guidance of adults, can be said to be early childhood education. Preschool education in a narrow sense refers to the education of kindergartens and other specialized preschool education institutions. Kindergarten education belongs to the school education system in China. Like school education, kindergarten education also has advantages that family education and social education do not have, such as planning and systematization. Kindergarten education focuses on preschool teachers and devotes itself to publicizing the policies of the Party and the state on preschool education, reflecting the achievements of preschool education research and reform, exchanging experiences in kindergarten, nursery and family education, introducing information on preschool education at home and abroad, and providing information on preschool education activities and teaching reference materials.
The present situation of preschool education industry
Early childhood education is an integral part of basic education and the primary stage of school education and lifelong education. Early childhood education should start from an early age and lay a good quality foundation for lifelong development.
If parents only pay attention to what their children recite, how much they recite and how much they have passed in exams, and only see some immediate growth, forget to cultivate their dreams and ignore the "spiritual education" that is more important than anything else, then the children who grow up can't have many lofty ideals.
Furthermore, in the process of pre-school education, we should not only attach importance to children's intelligence education, but more importantly, teach children to realize the meaning of life and understand why people should live in this world. Let our education cultivate a strong person. This strong man is not a material strong man, but a moral strong man.
In China's traditional concept, children's education is a major event. The new generation of parents pay more attention to interactive education methods, are more willing to accept the popular concept of the Internet, and are more willing to try new scientific and technological education products. Early childhood education expenditure has become an important expenditure of family consumption.
According to the survey data, at the age of 0-6, 76% of parents are willing to buy early education books and audio-visual products, and these families spend 300-500 yuan to buy early education books and audio-visual products every month. The expenditure on early education in first-tier cities reaches 500- 1000 yuan/month, and that in third-and fourth-tier cities can be maintained at 100-300 yuan/month.
One of the characteristics of preschool education industry is that consumers and actual users of services are separated, and preschool education itself is a service that attaches importance to experience. Children whose expressive ability and sense of self-independence have not been formed can't tell their experiences accurately, which gives some people the opportunity to abuse their children and deceive their parents by extreme means.
Another contradiction is due to the consideration of cost and return. Take the red, yellow and blue kindergarten as an example. According to the first financial report, this preschool education institution has more than 1 000 kindergartens in more than 30 cities across the country. From the perspective of economics, such intensive disciplines can save costs and improve efficiency to the maximum extent, which is also the core competitiveness of kindergarten industrial operation.
The industrial prospect of preschool education
Preschool education is an important part of basic education in China. At present, the government of China is actively promoting the implementation of the third preschool education action plan. By 2020, a public service system for preschool education with wide coverage, basic guarantee and quality will be basically established, and the gross enrollment rate will reach 85% in the three years before school. The urbanization process in China and the change of population and birth policy have made every family in all parts of the country more deeply feel the structural significance of education to life, thus paying more attention to their children's initial education. However, with the increasing number of people entering the park, kindergarten resources are generally insufficient, especially high-end kindergartens. The next few years will be the golden period for the development of domestic preschool education industry. Facing the huge market demand of preschool education, the development prospect of preschool education industry is considerable.
At present, China's higher education has historically entered the internationally recognized stage of popular education. Nowadays, the employment market of college students is changing rapidly, but the graduates of kindergarten teachers are very popular and the employment market is very relaxed. The popularity of kindergartens ensures the employment of pre-school graduates. Preschool education is one of the top ten popular majors at present. In addition to teaching in public kindergartens, more and more community kindergartens also provide a broad job market for graduates.
The Research Report on Early Childhood Education comprehensively expounds and demonstrates the contents and methods of early childhood education industry research, comprehensively and systematically sorts out and analyzes the early childhood education information obtained in the research process, and puts forward arguments and analytical arguments through charts, statistical results and documents, or through vertical development process or horizontal category analysis. The report on early childhood education absolutely reflects the objective situation, and the narration, explanation, inference and quotation are all appropriate. Use words and expressions as accurately as possible. The text of the research report is also simple and clear, fluent, not only clearly expressed, but also accurately and scientifically expressed the research effect. The Research Report on Early Childhood Education takes the industry as the research object, and analyzes and predicts the development prospect and investment value of the industry based on the industry status, industry economic operation data, industry supply and demand status, industry competition pattern, business analysis of key enterprises, industry chain analysis and market concentration analysis. Through the most in-depth data mining, rigorous analysis of the industry, multi-angle evaluation of enterprise market position, and accurate mining of enterprise growth, it has brought the most professional research and the most valuable consulting service process to many enterprises.
According to the data of the research report "Analysis Report on Market Prospect and Future Investment Strategy of Preschool Education Industry in China in 2020-2025",
Analysis of Beijing Kindergarten (Preschool Education) Market
First, Beijing kindergarten (preschool education) industry demand analysis
Through the analysis of the change records of kindergarten enrollment in Beijing after 1992, it is found that from 1992 to 2006, the enrollment of kindergartens in Beijing showed a downward trend, especially from 1995 to 1996. In 2006, the enrollment of kindergartens in Beijing was the least, and then it increased by tens of thousands every year. In 20 10, there were 277,000 children in the park; 20 16 years increased to 417000; 20 17 years, 446,000; In 20 18, the growth rate was relatively slow, with about 458,000 children in the park.
Chart: 20 14-20 18 number of kindergarten students and school-age population in Beijing.
Source: Puhua Institute of Industry, Academia Sinica.
Generally speaking, in the next three or four years, the number of preschool children in Beijing and the scale of preschool teachers they need will continue to increase, reaching the peak from 20021year to 2022, then slowly decreasing, and then slowly increasing from 2024. It is estimated that the demand for preschool teachers will reach the second peak in a decade in 2025.
According to the forecast data, the existing teacher scale can not meet the educational development needs of students in the capital. According to the medium-term plan, from 2020 to 2025, it is estimated that there will be 7 1 1,000-82,500 teachers, with a gap of 25,000-35,000. According to the high plan, the demand for kindergarten teachers ranges from 97,700 to 1.26 million, with a gap of 50,000 to.
Second, the development of kindergartens (preschool education) in Beijing
1978 since the reform and opening up, Beijing's preschool education policy can be roughly divided into three periods, namely 1978- 1987 "encouraging public parks and collective parks"; 1988 to 20 10 "encourage private parks and weaken the development of public parks" and 20 10 to the present "give consideration to both public and private" period.
1, 1978- 1987: Encourage public collective management.
1978 after the reform and opening-up, the new China is promising, and the preschool education industry is no exception. In order to increase the supply of kindergarten places as soon as possible and meet the needs of children entering the park, the central government issued the document "Decision on the Reform of Education System", the core content of which is to fully restore kindergarten education. As the best place in the country, Beijing has also issued documents to encourage all kinds of school-running institutions to hold preschool classes and kindergartens.
2. 1988-20 10: Encourage private enterprises to weaken public enterprises.
Since 1987, the state has issued a targeted policy to encourage social forces to run schools. In the 1990s, pre-school education was clearly transformed into the concept of "social forces running parks", and the system of running parks was transformed from "the world is public" to "people hold up half the sky". In the report of the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it is proposed to encourage the society to raise funds to run schools and run schools privately, and to change the practice of state-arranged education.
Affected by this, 1993, the State Education Commission issued the Outline of Education Reform and Development in China, which first mentioned the policy of actively encouraging and strongly supporting private education. The China Children's Development Program (200 1-20 10) issued in 20065438 encourages the society to develop preschool education through multiple channels and forms, and defines the role of public parks as "demonstration".
From June 5438 to February 2002, the National People's Congress passed the Education Law of the People's Republic of China and the Education Law of the People's Republic of China. In 2004, the State Council issued the the State Council Order and decided to implement the Regulations for the Implementation of the Education Law of the People's Republic of China.
Due to the policy shift and the sensitivity of system reform, the implementation rules on how to support and standardize the development of private parks have not been promulgated, and the regulatory functions of government departments have not been further clarified, which directly leads to the lack of supervision of private parks by government departments. The market of private parks has entered a state of disorderly development, which directly leads to many government departments and enterprises. Even the public has misunderstood and misread the policy in the transformation of public parks and collective parks, blindly thinking that the socialization of preschool education is equivalent to marketization or privatization, ignoring the unique laws that preschool education should follow in the field of education, and no longer emphasizing the public product attributes of preschool education.
Let many excellent public and collective kindergartens "socialize" and die in the market, which directly leads to a sharp decline in the number of preschool kindergartens.
3.20 10 to present: citizen's office * * *
In 20 10, Beijing issued the Outline of Beijing's Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020), and decided to build a government-led pre-school education service system with both public and private sectors. In addition, it will take ten years to start the action plan in three stages, gradually improve the development level of preschool education and promote the comprehensive reform of preschool education with the system and mechanism as the core.
In order to promote the development of preschool education, on February 26th, 2065,438+07,65,438+07, Beijing issued the Detailed Rules for the Management and Use of Funds Supported by Municipal Finance for the Development of Preschool Education (Provisional), which stipulated that all eligible kindergartens can apply for subsidies, and the standard of per student quota is: reaching the public welfare quality parks in municipal demonstration parks and first-class demonstration parks, with monthly subsidies per student/kloc- Public kindergartens and inclusive private kindergartens are given a one-time degree expansion subsidy, with the standard of 10000 yuan per student.
In this regard, by using a variety of original information processing technologies, Academia Sinica collects, sorts out, processes, analyzes and transmits massive market data of preschool education industry, providing customers with a package of information solutions and consulting services, minimizing the investment risks and operating costs of customers, grasping investment opportunities and improving the competitiveness of enterprises. For details of preschool education industry in China, please click to view the research report "Analysis Report on Market Prospect and Future Investment Strategy of Preschool Education Industry in China in 2020-2025".