0 ~ 1 year to create a vibrant environment
The year from 0 to 1 is a year of great changes, and different development training should be divided into the following four stages.
0 ~ 3 months: ① Parents should pay more attention to making the environment around the baby full of beautiful colors, hang some beautiful pictures by the bed and decorate them with colorful toys and potted plants. From birth, parents should talk to him as much as possible in the process of raising him. Don't stop talking to your baby just because he doesn't understand. Talking to your baby often helps him understand the language and learn to speak at an early age. (3) To start the baby's action training, let the baby hold his mother's fingers with his hands and train his grip strength from birth. (4) When the baby is prone, train the baby to look up and let the baby look up at the things in front. The chin can leave the bed for a short time and the shoulders can be raised. ⑤ While raising your head in prone training, practice crawling with your hands against your baby's soles. In recent years, infant swimming carried out in many hospitals is also very beneficial to infant's intellectual development, because this complex action of infant swimming is completed under the control of the brain, and in the process of swimming, it will also improve the function of the brain, which is manifested in the rapid response ability of the brain to the external environment and good intellectual development.
4 ~ 6 months: the baby is in the crawling stage and can't support himself with the strength of hands and feet. In the meantime, parents should (1) let their babies see more pictures, toys and articles in various colors, and tell them the names and colors of the objects, which can greatly promote the development of baby's color cognition. (2) Try to enhance the baby's ability to grasp things by hand, and let him hold or touch different things with his hands, such as silk, wool, cotton cloth, satin, sponge, etc. ③ In terms of movement, the baby can lie prone and continue to train him to look up, but the time can be longer. During training, parents can stand in front of the child's head and talk to him, let the child's forearm support the whole body and lift his chest. 4 children can also learn to turn from supine to lateral, and then to prone position. Toys can be placed on the child's side but he can't reach them, so he will fall down to reach them first. When he can't reach them, his whole body will turn to prone position again, and frequent tumbling will help develop the comprehensive ability of muscles and joints.
7 ~ 10 months: the baby will crawl on all fours at first. Parents can let the baby play with his fingers, give him paper so that he can learn to tear paper, and put things where the baby can reach and let him reach for it. When the baby sucks his fingers, parents should not stop him immediately, because it means that the baby has entered a new stage of growth and has the ability to put things in his mouth. (3) Let the baby crawl as much as possible, gradually leave the bed with his abdomen, turn around or retreat with his arms, and let him crawl around as freely as possible. Crawling can promote the development of muscle system and motor regulation function, so it is not advisable to use the walker too early. Because through comparison, it is found that crawling children have stronger reading and thinking in images. (4) Let the child practice grasping small building blocks with his hands, and train him to grasp them with his thumb and other fingers, and practice several times a day.
1 1 ~ 12 months, the baby is in the period of walking. (1) Teach him to know objects and pictures, put several things or pictures together for him to choose and identify, and teach him to imitate and say names at the same time. Teach your baby to play with simple toys, pile up wood, and wrap all the toys in handkerchiefs to see what he can do; Or cover the toy with only a small part exposed, and then hide the toy in a box or under a table to see his reaction. (3) At first, you can let your baby stand on something and gradually train him to walk with a chair or trolley. The most important thing in this period is to pay attention to language learning and guide the baby to imitate what his mother said. Let children learn to use "uncle", "aunt", "brother" and "sister" to address familiar people around them.
1 ~ 2 years old, try to guide children to talk.
1. Parents should use "no" as little as possible.
At this time, children like to try all kinds of things. Parents should be careful not to use "no" to stop their children's behavior. If parents do this, children will become very negative and unable to build self-confidence. Only when what a child does is dangerous or will have a very bad influence on the formation of his character will he say "no".
2. Ways to give toys to children
The toys that parents give their children must be toys that can make them learn something, such as toys that can develop their imagination and train their voices. Don't give children too many toys at a time, which will distract them and make it impossible to cultivate children with concentrated attention and stable temperament; Parents should play with their children to help them grow up intellectually.
Parents should communicate with their children as much as possible.
During this period, children will develop rapidly in language understanding, and their understanding of what their parents say will increase rapidly, but this requires parents to guide their children to speak as much as possible in daily life and teach them the correct language.
4. Reading words
Read a picture book with a simple story to your baby-develop your language ability, enlarge your vocabulary and develop your baby's emotions. At this stage, the baby's vocabulary should be expanded from 2 to 3 to about 250. Read with your baby for half an hour every day. If the baby is interested in the words and phrases in the book, he can move his fingers along the lines when reading, so that the baby can establish a connection between spoken English and the meaning represented by the words.
2 ~ 3 years old, standardized language, close to writing.
1. Take a walk as a child's daily homework.
For 2-year-old children, walking should be regarded as a fixed course every day, which is the first step to cultivate excellent brains and gain a strong body. However, it is not enough to just walk on the flat ground. You have to take the ramp, cross the wooden bridge, go up and down the stairs, and jump with your feet together.
Contact with the right language
In the meantime, parents must talk to their children in standardized language as much as possible, not in baby language. Buy more books for children, parents read them, and read them poems and stories.
3. Let children get close to words
In order to make children like words, parents can intentionally let their children pay attention to the words printed on the back cover of books and commodity labels, and teach him the pronunciation of words; Or let him pay attention to the words on the shop sign, the words and numbers on the car number while walking. After children learn a new word, they can look it up in books and newspapers, so that their interest in words will be enhanced.
4. Skills training
2-year-old children are eager to do their own things, such as washing their hands, tying their shoelaces and buttoning their buttons. Parents only need to patiently teach their children the correct methods, even if it takes a lot of time, let the children do it themselves. Children will learn with interest and complete their learning tasks well, which not only satisfies his wishes, but also makes him full of confidence in his ability.
Cultivate logical thinking and attention at the age of 3 ~ 4.
1. Read more picture books and talk to children.
Parents must pay attention to talking to their children as much as possible in daily life, and talk to their children in correct and clear language like adults, so that children can have logical thinking.
Besides talking to children, parents should also read more picture books to their children. Reading picture books is the best way to improve children's language ability, cultivate their interest in writing and make them want to learn spontaneously.
2. Simple play is not conducive to children's growth.
Because infancy is the second peak of brain development, if the outside world gives various stimuli to the developing brain, on the one hand, it can make the brain develop faster and better, on the other hand, the excellent organizational structure and function of the brain will in turn be the basis of its intelligent development, which is manifested as children's high intelligence. If children just play, they will miss the peak of brain development, which will lead to the children's future intelligence not reaching the level they should have.
3. Pay attention to the influence of family on children's attention
At home, we should pay attention to creating a good study and living environment to avoid children's distraction. Whether parents teach their children to pack things, pack things, or use various labor tools, they should put forward specific requirements and give specific guidance so that they can finish what they started and make a difference.
4. Cultivate children's attention in the game
Games are children's favorite activities. Games can not only entertain and educate children, but also help them develop their intelligence unconsciously. They can also enhance the parent-child relationship through the participation of their parents. As far as cultivating children's attention is concerned, games are also a good way.
Read and express numbers and directions at the age of 4 ~ 5.
1. Encourage children to read by themselves.
Parents can read aloud every day and encourage their children to read by themselves. At the same time, you can also provide children with some reading materials, such as newspaper advertisements, which contain many new words and contents for children to read. Read some children's songs with your children and perform with your fingers to encourage them to tell stories to younger children.
2. Provide children with a variety of artistic experiences.
Let children play with toys that can be pinched by hand, such as dough and safety plasticine; Encourage children to try making collages with new materials, such as cork, straw, cotton thread and yarn. When parents teach him to draw, they can also teach him to mix different colors to produce new colors, and at the same time stimulate his curiosity and affection for colors.
3. Establish the concept of children's number and position.
Count all kinds of things you see, such as metal objects, socks, stones, leaves and so on. Talk about the concepts of inside, top, front, back, side, front and back, comparative size, too close and too far.
4. Cultivate children's creativity
When a child asks a question, listen carefully to his question, then think about the answer with him and teach him how to find the answer. Even if you encounter questions that parents don't understand or are difficult to answer, you should praise his questions in a positive way and remain curious. When a child is keen on something, don't interrupt him, and don't use adults' thoughts to dominate what the child focuses on; Give full affirmation and praise to what children do and think.
Exercise the ability of daily living at the age of 5 ~ 6.
1. Let children touch and use different tools.
Help children learn to use scissors skillfully. Give the children some old clothes and gadgets and let them do some disassembly work. You can also ask him to help with housework, such as cleaning the table and sweeping the floor, so that he can master more tools to use in the process of labor.
2. Exercise children's ability in daily life.
When telling a familiar story to a child, don't tell the ending first, stop and let the child add his own ending to the story. Ask the child, "What if?" What if Little Red Riding Hood meets a rabbit instead of a wolf? Give children some opportunities to deal with sorting, grouping, pairing, counting and arranging in daily life, such as setting the table, counting the number of people in line, sorting socks, matching fabrics and so on.
3. Cultivate the originality of children's thinking
Create a relaxed family atmosphere for children. Encourage children to ask questions and all kinds of novel, unique and even ridiculous ideas, and don't hinder children's free play. Tell children that there is no standard answer to everything, and eliminate children's obedience to books and adult words. In daily life, encourage children to act independently and solve problems in new ways.
A child's brain development is like the growth of a sapling, which needs adequate and reasonable nutrition supply and proper care. Parents should start with nutrition and education, promote children's intellectual development, seize the opportunity and grasp the root, so as to achieve the best results.