(1) Paleogene Wutu Group
Wutu Formation in this area is mainly exposed in Wutu Coal Mine, Taohuashan area and the first line of the fault zone west of the Miangegou fault. From bottom to top, it is divided into Zhubidian Formation, Lijiaya Formation and Xiao Lou Formation.
1. Zhubidian Formation ()
Zhubidian Formation is mainly exposed near the fault zone west of Tanqi-Gegou fault and Taohuashan area, with an exposed area of 2.6km2.
See Figure 1-2- 18 for the measured stratum profile of Paleogene Zhubidian Formation in Wutujie, Changle County.
Figure 1-2- 18 Measured Stratigraphic Profile of Paleogene Zhubidian Formation in Wutujie, Changle County
Due to the influence of faults, the basic sequence of Zhubidian Formation in this area is incomplete. According to the drilling data, the Zhubidian Formation in this area is a basic cyclic sequence of conglomerate-glutenite-gravelly coarse sandstone from coarse to fine (Figure 1-2- 19).
Figure 1-2- 19 histogram comparison of five graphic groups
1— Silty sandstone; 2- conglomerate; 3- Gravel; 4- tuffaceous glutenite; 5-coarse grained fine sandstone; 6— Coarse sandstone; 7, 8— Fine sandstone containing coarse sand; 9— Fine sandstone; 10-silty mudstone; 11-siltstone; 12-shale; 13— sandy shale; 14— calcareous shale; 15— carbonaceous shale; 16— oil shale; 17-mudstone; 18— sandy mudstone; 19— marl; 20-limestone; 21-carbonaceous rocks; 22— Coal seam; 23- Quaternary; 24— piedmont stratum; 25- Niu Shan Group; 26-Xiao Lou Group; 27— Lijiaya Formation; 28— Zhubidian Formation; 29— Hongtuya Formation; 30-8 mu of land group; 31-Majiagou Formation; 32— Upper limestone member of Zhangxia Formation
The main lithologic characteristics of Zhubidian Formation are: near Wutujie, there are gray-white thick-bedded conglomerate, and the gravels are mainly limestone and sandstone. The exposed thickness is 32.7m, and the Jiangjia Zhuangzi area is light gray-yellow thick-bedded conglomerate with medium-grained sandstone, and the gravels are mainly granite, with unknown thickness. According to the drilling data, the thickness of Zhubidian Formation is more than 240 meters ... It is in fault contact with the upper limestone section of Zhangxia Formation and the overlying Lijiaya Formation. In Dongjiazhuang area, it is in angular unconformity contact with the underlying Dasheng Group, and the top is covered by the Niu Shan Formation of Linqu Group. In Wang Jiagou area, it has fault contact with Sheng Qun. Compared with the stratotype profile, the sandy content in the jurisdiction is relatively high, with conglomerate as the main component and no argillaceous component (Figure 1-2- 19).
2. Lijiaya Formation (E2l)
Lijiaya Formation is mainly distributed in Wutu Coal Mine and the northeast of Xiajiazhuangzi Village, with an exposed area of 2.6km2 See Figure 1-2-20 for the measured profile of Paleogene Lijiaya Formation in Wutu Street, Changle County.
Figure 1-2-20 Measured Profile of Paleogene Lijiaya Formation in Wutujie, Changle County
Quaternary coverage has not reached the top.
The thickness of Lijiaya Formation is > 203.9m.
37. Gray blue gray clay rock1.2m.
36. The grayish yellow clayey rock is mixed with dark yellow, containing 0.9m bioclastic limestone.
35. Gray blue gray claystone 21.6m.
34. Brown medium-thick fine-grained feldspathic sandstone 0.3m
33. Gray blue gray clay rock 62. 1m
32. Gray-blue gray clay rock with black spots, containing carbonized plant fragments1.5m.
3 1. Gray blue gray clay rock 12. 1m
30. Brown yellow calcareous sandy siltstone 2.5m
29. Gray blue gray clay rock 24. 1m
28. Dark gray mica mudstone 6.0m
27. Brown clay rock with thin silty mudstone of 3.4m
26. Gray-gray yellow clay rock, containing carbonized plant fragments of 2.0m
25. Gray blue gray clay rock 2.4m
24. Gray-gray yellow claystone, containing many 0.8m plant fossil fragments.
23. Gray blue gray claystone 23.4m.
22. Brown-brown yellow medium grained sandstone 0.2m.
2 1. Gray blue gray clay rock 22.6m.
20. The difference between coal seam and coal quality is 0.5m
19. Gray-blue gray silty hydromica mudstone with conglomerate16.3m.
breakdown
Underlying stratum: Zhubidian Formation
18. grayish white medium-thick conglomerate11.3m.
There are two basic sequences in Lijiaya Formation from bottom to top: ① the basic sequence consisting of brownish yellow medium-grained sandstone-gray-blue-gray claystone, from shallow to deep; ② The basic sequence consists of brownish yellow sandy siltstone-gray-blue gray claystone from shallow to deep.
The main lithology of Lijiaya Formation is gray-blue gray claystone, brown-yellow medium-grained sandstone mixed with gray-yellow claystone, containing a variety of carbonized plant debris. The thickness of the profile is more than 203.9 meters. According to the drilling data, the thickness of Lijiaya Formation is more than 632 meters. Near Wutu Coal Mine, the bottom of Lijiaya Formation is in fault contact with Zhubidian Formation, and the top is covered by Niu Shan Formation of Linqu Group. In Xiajia Zhuangzi area, the bottom is in contact with the fault of Chengshanhou Formation, and the top is covered by Niu Shan Formation of Linqu Group. Regional change Lijiaya Formation, generally thick in the north and thin in the south.
Lijiaya Formation contains coal seams and oil shale, and the coal seams near Changle Wutu are recoverable.
3. Xiao Lou Group (E2x)
The surface of Xiao Lou Formation is not exposed, and it is covered by Quaternary. According to the borehole data of Wutu, it is composed of sandy shale, mudstone and a small amount of marl, which is integrated on Lijiaya Formation.
Xiao Lou Formation has two basic sequences from bottom to top: ① the basic sequence of glutenite-sandy shale, which becomes shallower upward; ② The basic sequence of thick glutenite-sandy shale-marl becomes shallow upward.
Xiao Lou Formation is mainly composed of sandy shale, mudstone and a small amount of marl, with thin coal locally and purplish red mudstone and glutenite at the bottom. 335.2 meters thick. The upper part of this formation is in eruption unconformity contact with basalt of Niu Shan Formation. The lower part is in contact with Lijiaya Formation. Compared with Lijiaya Formation, the lithology of this formation is miscellaneous, coarse and dark, and it is a mixed deposit of river and lake facies.
Xiao Lou Formation consists of coal seams and carbonaceous shale.
(2) Neogene Linqu Group
Linqu Group is exposed in a large area within its jurisdiction, and Beiyan Town and Village are mainly distributed in most areas west of Qiao Qi-Gegou fault and Mingzong Mountain-Fushan area in the northeast corner. In the house area, it is mainly distributed in Cai Jia-Lutai area in the northwest corner and Nandian-CheLiu Zhuang town in the northeast corner, with the exposed area of 18 1.0km2, which is divided into Niu Shan Formation, Shanwang Formation and Yaoshan Formation from bottom to top.
1. Niu Shan group (N 1n)
Niu Shan Formation is mainly exposed in Beiyanzhen area, mainly distributed in most areas to the west of Tangqi-Gegou fault, and the area from Mingzong Mountain to Fushan Mountain in the northeast corner. The house area is mainly distributed in Cai Jia-Lutai area in the northwest corner and Nandian-Che Liu Zhuang town in the northeast corner, with the exposed area of157.0km2. The measured stratigraphic profile of Neogene Niu Shan Formation of Qiaoshan in Changle County (Figure 1-2-2 1) is its typical representative.
Figure 1-2-2 1 Measured stratigraphic profile of Neogene Niu Shan Formation of Qiaoshan in Changle County.
Rhythm characteristics of (1) volcanic eruption
Niu Shan Formation is the product of the strongest volcanic activity in Cenozoic. Its lithology is alkaline olivine basalt of Niu Shan Formation, with overflow phase and a small amount of kyanite, which can be divided into dozens of rhythms, with dense massive basalt in the lower part and stomatal basalt in the upper part. The prosodic thickness is generally between 1 ~ 2m.
Overburden: Yaoshan Formation
19. Gray-black dense massive fine-grained olivine basalt
Eruptive unconformity
Niu Shan formation is N 1n thick and 51.8m.
18. Purple silty clay rock 2.4m
17. Gray black gray porous basalt 2.4m
16. Gray-black dense massive fine-grained basalt13.0m.
15. Gray-black dense massive fine-grained olivine basalt 0.7m
14. Gray-black dense massive fine-grained basalt 6.7m
13. grayish yellow-gray almond basalt 0.7m
12. grayish yellow-dark gray massive basalt with a small amount of pores, almond body16.7m.
1 1. Grayish white and grayish yellow glutenite 9.2m.
angular unconformity
Underlying stratum: Zhubidian Formation of Wutuqun.
10. grayish yellow medium-thick medium-grained feldspathic lithic sandstone 6.4m
(2) Lithologic characteristics and regional changes
The lithology of Niu Shan Formation is mainly gray-black dense massive fine-grained basalt, porous basalt and almond-shaped basalt, with conglomerate and glutenite deposits at the bottom, olivine basalt in the middle and porous basalt and dense massive basalt at the top. Qiao Shan area is 5 1.8m thick, Fangshan area is 175.6m thick, and other areas have different thicknesses. This angle is not integrated on Wutu Formation and Qingshan Formation, but integrated with the overlying Shanwang Formation, which is in eruption unconformity contact with Yaoshan Formation.
Ore-bearing characteristics: Niu Shan Formation contains bentonite and clay minerals.
2. Shanwang Formation (N 1s)
Shanwang Formation is mainly exposed on the hills in the southwest of Beiyan Town. The area is about 2.6 square kilometers.
The Shanwang Formation under its jurisdiction is less exposed, but the lithologic combination is basically consistent with the adjacent section of Shanglin Town, Linqu County.
The basic sequence of upward thinning of gray-green glutenite-sandstone and gray-green glutenite-gray-green clay shale can be seen in Shanwang Formation.
Shanwang Formation is rarely exposed in the jurisdiction, and it is partially transformed into basaltic volcanic breccia in Xiangshuiya area. Diatomite was discovered according to drilling data. Other places are generally grayish green and grayish purple glutenite, and sandstone is mixed with clay rock.
Ore-bearing characteristics: Shanwang Formation contains diatomite ore and clay ore, and diatomite ore has mining value.
3. Yaoshan Formation (N2y)
Yaoshan Formation is mainly distributed in the hills west of Zhang Qi-Gegou fault in Beiyan Town, and also exposed in Mingzong Mountain and Fushan Mountain in the northeast corner, with an area of 22.3km2 See Figure 1-2-22 for the measured stratum profile of Neogene Yaoshan Formation in Fangshan County, Changle County.
Characteristics of volcanic eruption rhythm: Yaoshan Formation is alkaline olivine basalt, with overflow phase and a small amount of kyanite, including various rhythms. The rhythm has dense massive basalt at the bottom and porous basalt at the top. Its eruption intensity is weak and its scale is small.
Lithologic characteristics and regional changes: the lithology of Yaoshan Formation is mainly gray-black dense massive olivine basalt, with pore basalt in the middle and lower part and glutenite at the bottom of some areas. The thickness of Yaoshan Formation in the area changes greatly, with Fangshan area being 208.6m thick, and Qiaoshan area being only 108.9m, which is in explosive unconformity or integrated contact with Xiafushanwang Formation and Niu Shan Formation, and the top is exposed.
Ore-bearing characteristics: Yaoshan Formation is a sapphire-bearing primary ore bed, and the basalt of Yaoshan Formation can be used as raw material for stone casting.
Bujianding
The thickness of Yaoshan Formation is > >108.9m.
34. Limbaugh Rock 19.6438+0m of Diablo and dark gray porous Dingyi Petrochemical Company.
33. Limbaugh Rock 10.0m in black dense block of Dingyi Petrochemical Company.
32. Gray-black dense massive olivine basalt 12.5438+0m
3 1. Grey-black-grey porous almond basalt18.5m.
30. Grey-black dense massive olivine basalt 8. 1m
29. The grey-purple porous and almond-shaped basalt is 8.6 meters.
28. Black-gray medium-grained dense massive olivine basalt is 6.3m.
27. Grey-purple porous almond basalt, 6.8m.
26. Fine grained Illidan petrochemical dense massive olivine basalt containing black almonds is 2.7m
25. The gray-black dense massive olivine basalt is 9.6m high.
24. Gray purple with a small amount of pores, almond-shaped basalt 2.0m
23. Gray-black dense massive olivine basalt is 4.6m.
22. Gray-gray yellow conglomerate 0.5m
merge
Underlying stratum: Niu Shan Formation.
2 1 .gray-dark gray massive peridotite xenolith basalt 1.4m
Figure 1-2 22 Measured stratigraphic profile of Neogene Yaoshan Formation in Fangshan, Changle County
(3) Quaternary rock strata
Quaternary loose deposits are widely distributed in this area, mainly around river banks and reservoirs, with a small amount covered in bedrock area. According to lithology and its contact relationship, it can be divided into Xiaobuling Formation, Dazhan Formation, piedmont Formation, Heituhu Formation, Linyi Formation, yi river Formation and Hanting Formation from bottom to top. The breakdown is as follows:
1. Xiaobuling Formation
The surface of Xiaobuling Formation is not exposed, mainly distributed in Songjiazhuang area of Beiyan Town, and found in quarrying pits.
The lithology of Xiaobuling Formation is a gravel layer with a thickness of about 0.5m, with different gravel sizes, poor roundness and broken degree ranging from several centimeters to more than ten centimeters. The main components of gravel are basaltic and purplish red sandstone gravel. The local roof is in parallel unconformity contact with Dazhan Formation, and the bottom is in unconformity contact with purple argillaceous sandstone of Xiao Lou Formation. The lithologic combination is basically the same as that of Xiaobuling Village in Tancheng County, and there is no clay layer in this area.
Xiaobuling Formation is the main ore-bearing stratum of sapphire placer.
2. Large Station Group (Qpd)
Large stations are widely distributed, mainly at the foot of low mountains on both sides of the river. Partially covered by Linyi Formation.
The main lithology of Dazhan Formation is alluvial yellow-brown silty clay, clay and calcareous nodules. The soil layer is hard and vertical joints are common. The bottom is unconformity contact with bedrock and parallel unconformity contact with Xiaobuling Formation. The top is covered by strata such as Heituhu Formation and Linyi Formation. It is several meters thick and can reach more than ten meters locally.
3. Foothill stratum ()
Scattered in mountainous areas. The lithology is gravelly sand and eluvial facies loam. The thickness is generally tens of centimeters. The piedmont strata near Fangshan contain sapphire placer.
4. Heitu Lake Formation (Qhh)
The Black Soil Lake Formation is mainly distributed in Yu He and Bailang River banks.
The main lithology is lacustrine gray-black gray silty clay, with gray-white snail shell fossils locally. The thickness is different, the bottom is parallel to the big station group and unconformity contact, and the top is the whole coverage of Linyi Group.
5. Linyi Formation
Linyi Formation is mainly distributed in the banks of Yu He River, Bailang River and their tributaries and low-lying areas. The main lithology is gravel mixed sand with a small amount of silty clay layer, and the top is fine sand or silty clay silt with oblique bedding. The bottom is often integrated and covered on the black soil lake formation, and the top is exposed or contacted with the Yihe formation, and some areas are covered by the Hanting formation.
6. yi river Group (Qhy)
Yihe Formation is mainly distributed in Yuhe River, Bailang River and their tributaries. The main lithology is gravel mixed sand of riverbed facies and fine sand of low floodplain facies. Scouring contact with Dazhan Formation, Heituhu Formation and Linyi Formation.
7. Hanting Formation
Hanting Formation is mainly distributed on both sides of Bailanghe River and around Bailanghe Reservoir. The main lithology of Hanting Formation is grayish yellow silty fine sand, which is well sorted, and the thickness within its jurisdiction is generally 3 ~ 7m.