Letting go of the three-child policy is of course a great advantage for families with fertility will and ability to support, but for most ordinary people of childbearing age, it involves far more than personal wishes, including many practical problems. For example, does society provide a good reproductive environment and a safe growth environment? How to bear the high cost of childcare such as education expenditure and housing price? And the balance between work and family after parents have children.
On the whole, the anxiety of these parents mainly focuses on the following aspects:
Pension. The only-child generation in the "family planning" population after 1980s, 1990s and 00s is under heavy pressure of providing for the aged, which leads to a lot of caution in giving birth to children.
House price. The tradition of getting married and having a house in China has met with high housing prices, which has caused a considerable number of young people to postpone their marriage and the corresponding childbearing period, and mortgage has become the competitive pressure of child-rearing.
Price. Faced with the high cost of "birth, rearing and education", it refers to medical expenses, milk powder fees, study fees and other expenses. Even if you want to have children, you have to weigh your money bag.
Time and energy. School-age women are facing the problem of reproductive period in the workplace, and choosing to have children will make career sacrifices and even social leisure time.
On the other hand, women of childbearing age are faced with difficult life choices. In the end, do you choose to have children, give up the workplace, or miss the golden age of your life and turn to your career? Recently, POP MART, a well-known tide play company, was hotly debated by netizens because it asked female job seekers to fill in "whether there is a recent birth plan" on the interview sheet, and thought it was suspected of employment discrimination, reflecting the reality that women's career stability is much lower than that of men because of their reproductive function. At the same time, some business owners admit that with the opening of the three-child policy, a female employee who intends to raise three children may not be able to undertake normal work for several years, which is really a heavy burden for enterprises.
"It's a little easier to have a second child in kindergarten." An An is Bao Ma. At present, her eldest son is 7 years old and her youngest son is 2 years old. She has been at home full-time since her eldest son was born. "Now I feel that I have an advantage in re-employment. After all, the baby is older and won't have a third child. "
Recently, according to "2 1 Century Business Herald", a poster circulated on the Internet belonging to Jiangxi Branch of Bank of China shows that the bank has launched a "maternity consumption loan". This "maternity consumption loan" is applicable to married natural persons aged 20-50 who have full capacity for civil conduct and are pregnant for 6 months to 2 years; The loan amount is 654.38 million yuan for the first child, 200,000 yuan for the second child and 300,000 yuan for the third child.
In fact, both the "excitement" caused by the recruitment of POP MART and the ingenious consumer loans provided by Jiangxi Branch of Bank of China are essentially different aspects of people's current fertility problems. I came to the coffee think tank last week and chatted with several parents. Not only do they have a low desire to have three children, but it is also difficult for them to make up their minds to raise a second child.
According to the survey data, the level of local economic development directly affects the parenting concept generally held by parents everywhere. In economically developed areas such as Guangdong, Suzhou and Hubei, people will pay more attention to child-rearing and education and training will be more competitive. However, in economically underdeveloped areas such as Gansu and Yunnan, people pay less attention to parenting and their competitiveness is weak. However, in areas with great cultural and linguistic differences, such as Xinjiang and Tibet, the concept of parenting is also different.
Coastal and inland families have different concerns. Among the young parents in coastal cities such as Guangzhou and Shenzhen, more than 80% give priority to intellectual development. Parents have a stronger sense of identity with the concept of "never let their children lose at the starting line". Early education centers, cultural palaces and other educational places all over the city also make young parents pay special attention to intellectual development. In inland cities such as Chengdu and Kunming, more than 90% families tend to grow up safely and prevent diseases. In inland cities, few families can afford the high cost of early education centers. Most parents think that children should be kept in good condition first, but in hot summer, they are more concerned about the problems of getting angry such as poor sleep and loss of appetite. Although there are differences in parenting concepts and methods in different regions, "expensive parenting" and "difficult parenting" have become unavoidable social realities in the whole social background.