In February, it was sad enough to spend the Cold Food Festival in a foreign country.
Poor people generally don't make a fire to cook, and it's not until tomorrow to eat this cold food.
Appreciation of Meng Yunqing s Cold Food;
"In February, Jiangnan is full of flowers, and cold food in other places is far from sad." The first two sentences of this poem say that it is sad enough to spend the Cold Food Festival in a foreign land when the flowers in the south of the Yangtze River are full of branches in February.
The Cold Food Festival is on the 105th day from winter to the future, which is February. Due to the warm climate in the south of the Yangtze River, February is full of flowers. The first sentence of the poem describes phenology and points out the season. The word "people" conveys the feeling of flowers in spring in the south of the Yangtze River. It is natural to be moved by this scene. It should have been a pleasure to match this beautiful scenery, but the second sentence actually wrote "sadness". The author is a Kansai native, traveling in the south of the Yangtze River, living alone in a foreign land, and living in a strange place; Cold food festival, missing relatives, can not help but feel sad. In addition, the "cold food" here also implies that there is little food and no food, so eating "cold food" in other places is even more tragic.
Poetry often writes sad feelings in sad scenes, which is the artistic technique of foil. However, this poem describes the beautiful scenery of "flowers blooming in February in the south of the Yangtze River", and then writes that "cold food in other places is far from sad". Facing the flowers in sadness, it is convenient for the natural world to be different. It is that "flowers, as high as my window, hurt the hearts of wanderers" can only increase their sadness. Appropriate use of artistic techniques of contrast makes expression more powerful.
"The poor often have no fireworks, not just the Ming Dynasty." Poor people generally don't make a fire to cook, and it's not until tomorrow to eat this cold food.
This poem describes the bitterness of the poor by chanting "cold food", but it doesn't make a big fuss about the word "poor". Look at Zhang's "Cold Food Festival Offering a Magistrate" in the late Tang Dynasty: "It's a pity to laugh at the beginning, but the fishing boat is barren. What is embarrassing is that my neighbor taught me to turn off the fire, and I realized that the kitchen has been smoke-free for a long time. " As far as its artistic conception is concerned, it obviously follows Meng's poems. However, talking about poverty is too mean, and it is not a family property. It just said "laugh" and "pity", and then said "shame". Say "no fire" and "no smoke". Not only is it tiring to choose words and make sentences, but it is also too artificial and touching. Far less than Meng Yunqing's poems. Although it is a sad reality, its tone is humorous. The third and fourth sentences seem to be the author's self-mockery: the world is preparing to turn off the cold food of the Ming Dynasty to commemorate the sages; But as a poor man like me, I don't have to bother to live a "cold food" life every day. This kind of humor is a wry smile, which seems to be an understatement, but it is very interesting to write, conveying a kind of sadness that captures people's hearts. It can be seen that poetry should not be over-carved, but it is implicit. It is precisely because of its novel meaning and ingenious conception, especially the proper use of contrast that it has become a rare masterpiece among countless cold food poems.
"Cold Food" Meng Yunqing original:
cold drink and snack
Meng Yunqing [Tang Dynasty]
Jiangnan in February is full of flowers, and cold food in other places is far from sadness.
Poor people often don't have fireworks, not only in the Ming Dynasty.
Comment on words and phrases:
1. Cold food: Jingchu recorded at the age of: "Last winter (solstice) was 150 days, that is, there was strong wind and rain, which was called cold food without fire for three days." Later, it was a cold food the day before Qingming.
② February: Cold food is the105th day from winter to the future. If the winter solstice falls at the beginning of 1 1 or next February is a leap month, the cold food will be in February.
(3) No fireworks: Fires are forbidden during the Cold Food Festival, but the poor often stop cooking and can't help but have no fire.
④ Ming Dynasty (zhāo): Tomorrow.
⑤ Zitui: mesotui was born in the Spring and Autumn Period. He fled with Zhong Er, the son of the Jin Dynasty, for nineteen years. Zhong Er became a monarch (i.e. Jin Wengong) after returning to China, rewarded the hero and forgot him. Jiexiu lived in seclusion with his mother in Mianshan (now Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province). Duke Wen looked for him everywhere, but he couldn't find him, so he burned the mountain and was burned to death. Later generations did not set off fireworks in memory of him at the Cold Food Festival.
About the author:
Meng Yunqing (725-78 1) was born in Pingchang, Shandong Province (now northwest of Shanghe, Shandong Province). During Tianbao's reign, he failed to take the senior high school entrance examination in Chang 'an, and was admitted to Jinshi only after he was 30 years old. Su Zong is a school bookkeeper. There are 17 poems. His poems reflect social reality in plain language and are highly praised by Du Fu and Yuan Jie. Meng Yunqing and Du Fu have a deep friendship. In the summer of 758 (the first year of Gan Yuan), Du Fu joined the army and served as the secretariat of Huazhou. The night before, he gave a farewell drink and gave each other poems, namely "Rewarding Meng Yunqing". In the winter of the same year, they met in Luoyang and went to Liu Hao's house for a drink. Du Fu also wrote a poem, "In the eastern suburbs of late winter, Meng Yunqing met the East Lake in the city, returned to Liu Haojia, and the banquet was drunk", which described the scenes of joys and sorrows of each other and expressed the sincere feelings between poets.
Creative background:
Meng Yunqing was frustrated in his early years, living in Jingzhou and living in poverty. Without friends and relatives to vote for, being troubled by failure, such a life is probably a double torture for anyone. Over time, people who struggle under heavy pressure may become more sensitive and fragile. The poem "Cold Food Festival" is on the eve of a cold food festival in such a wandering life.
Express the theme:
The Cold Food Festival is a seven-character quatrain written by Meng Yunqing, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written when he was down and out in the south of the Yangtze River. On the eve of the flowery Cold Food Festival in the south of the Yangtze River, the poet missed his relatives in his hometown and became more and more sad. Then, I wrote that in social reality, poor people don't cook with fire, realizing that this is not just because of the Cold Food Festival. This poem shows the poet's homesickness before the Cold Food Festival and his sympathy for the people's sufferings.
Famous comments:
Liu Qingbangyan commented on the compromise of Tang poetry: "In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Zhong Ben was especially rare."
Song Qing Zongyuan commented on Wang Shiyuan's "300 Notes on Tang Poetry": "Renovation is wonderful (the last sentence)."
Comments on Poems in Jiuyuan in Qing Dynasty and its compilation: "Meng's Cold Food is the best poem," The poor often have no fireworks, not just in Ming Dynasty ",which can be compared with Han Xu's poems.