Remember: don't be impatient, don't let some people who don't understand education test their children indiscriminately. If children know a word, they should praise it, and don't be stingy with praise, which is very helpful to cultivate interest. Try not to criticize the child: "Why don't you know this word?" Literacy requires a process and constant repetition. You should play more literacy games.
Fourteen methods of early literacy:
1, game literacy
Game literacy is the most basic principle of children's literacy. The biggest feature of children is that they are active and have the curiosity and impulse to contact and study all new things. Another feature of young children is their short attention span. When their attention is distracted, it is difficult for them to remember unfamiliar things.
Therefore, in order to achieve the goal of teaching children to read, the method adopted must be "game learning", so as to arouse children's enthusiasm, improve and prolong children's interest and achieve the expected results.
When children learn to read and write at a certain stage, they will enter the "literacy sensitive" period. At this time, children become very fond of literacy, and the amount of literacy will increase every time, indicating that children have developed the habit of literacy. After this period, children will read very easily, and then the learning style can gradually become general teaching and learning. But before reaching the "literacy-sensitive" period, we must adhere to the principle of game literacy.
2. Gradually form the literacy habit of fixed point, fixed time, fixed person and fixed method.
When teaching children to read, we should consciously try to fix it at a certain time and place, and be taught by people that children like, and gradually explore the methods that children like to learn to read.
It may not be possible to form a more fixed way at first. However, parents should deliberately create an atmosphere that can not only arouse children's interest, but also gradually form habits.
For example, when I started teaching my daughter to read, I adopted the situational teaching method. First, we arrange all the small stools and chairs in the house in a row, and then we put all the toys and animals on the stools. This is the classroom.
After that, take a small bell, shake it and shout, "class is over!" " Class. "Daughter soon sat in the chair, she is also a" small monitor ". I, on the other hand, am a "puppy teacher". I talk like a real class, asking the dolls and animals what books to read from time to time. Of course, the dolls can't answer, all of them are answered by their daughters. So we praised the "little monitor" in the voice of criticizing the dolls for not studying hard.
When reviewing, I often become a "student" and my daughter is a "puppy teacher". I, an "error-prone student", often make mistakes on purpose when answering teachers' questions. So it attracted a teacher's criticism and became a "negative textbook" to warn the dolls not to learn.
In this situational teaching, my daughter is extremely happy. Every day when the time comes, she will set the chairs and dolls by herself, and then hurriedly urge me: "Come to class!" " "
In this way, we have developed a good habit of studying at a fixed point, a fixed person and a fixed time. When children gradually adapt, they will soon enter the "literacy sensitive" period.
3. Teaching Chinese characters must use standard Mandarin.
Because children have the characteristics of "preconceptions", it will be very difficult to correct them if they are not taught correctly the first time.
4. Don't beat around the bush, but entertain and educate.
When teaching children to read Chinese characters, don't just tell them how to pronounce the word, but try to make them feel that Chinese characters are very interesting, so as to stimulate their enthusiasm for learning. This requires the use of images and metaphors in teaching.
For example, when we teach the word "cry", we first ask our children, "What comes out of people's eyes when they cry?"
Inspired, the child will answer: "Tears."
"Well, you see the words on these two boxes, like two eyes? There is a tear under one eye. Do you like it? Guess what this word is pronounced for? By the way, it says' cry' ".
There are many such words. For example, two lines of runny nose are "noses"; The leaves that fall next to the tree are "leaves"; The grass on the square stone is the "stone"; A fish that jumps out of the water is a "fish" ......
5. Mobilize children to think when they are literate.
When teaching children to read, we should not just tell them how to pronounce the word by indoctrination, but try to mobilize their thinking and let them think with the teacher. The best effect of teaching is that teachers and students think together, rather than teachers talking and students listening.
In order to inspire children to understand the meaning of a word, we should pay more attention to interactive discussion teaching, so that children's thoughts can keep up with teachers' thinking and think together, so as to get better results.
For example, when teaching the word "flying", we can discuss with children: "What are birds doing in the sky? Fly. We are going far, far away. What's the fastest way to get there? Airplane. What ship should I take in the universe? Spacecraft. The word is' fly'. (Remove the word "fly". Do you know any other words that make up' flying'? " In this way, it is possible for children to say things like "bird, fly, fly".
6. Don't use too many words to explain the meaning, be concise.
I remember when I was teaching my two-year-old daughter to recognize "dirt", I told her, "This is a local saying" Don't sit on the ground, there is dirt on the ground ". I asked her several times in the review, and she always replied, "Don't sit on the floor, there are dirty things on the floor". Later, when teaching other children the word "mom", we told them. " This is mom's mom. "It's simple enough, but when the child answers this word, he still answers with one voice:" Mom's mother. "Therefore, we understand a common feature of children: they still don't understand what is the core of a sentence, so they can only repeat it according to it.
Teachers and parents should not use too many explanations when teaching their children to read. When you teach the word "hit", just tell him to pronounce "hit" and make a gesture of "hit" instead of saying "hit". Otherwise, he will stare at the word "hit" for a long time and say "hit someone." The younger the child, the simpler it should be.
7. Teach specific words first, and then teach abstract words.
Words with specific meanings, such as "mom, dad, milk, flowers, grass, big and small, dog, cat, red, yellow and green", should be taught first. What children can't understand or touch are abstract words, such as "right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right, right.
8. Pay attention to stimulating children's self-motivation in learning by encouraging and affirming methods.
The ways to stimulate children's self-motivation in learning are: making tables (posted on the wall) to record their academic achievements; Send small red flowers, small gifts, etc. As a reward; You can also put a big red flower on the wall every hundred words you learn, so that children can count the number of flowers themselves and know how many Chinese characters they have learned to stimulate their self-motivation; You can also take a photo as a souvenir after your child learns many words.
9. When you can read, you should pay close attention to your child's eyes.
Some parents only tell their children how to pronounce the word when they teach them to read, but they don't pay attention to their eyes. Children usually pay attention to what they see with their eyes. When you are literate, you can remember it in a few seconds as long as you concentrate. When their eyes are distracted, they must end, and they must not be forced, because in this case, the effect is very poor. If you don't concentrate on your study for a long time, children will easily develop the bad habit of distraction, and even affect their formal study in school in the future.
10, at the same time, it is best to let the children pronounce.
Except for children who can't speak very well, when teaching literacy, try to let the children pronounce. Because mobilizing more senses and learning at the same time will get better results. Let the children pronounce, which can help the memory to be stronger.
1 1, every literacy, it is best to end when the child's interest is the highest.
Because when children are interested and ask for reading, we will take the initiative to stop him and praise his enthusiasm. Then in the next study, he will recall the happy mood and feelings when he was literate, so learning will be very happy and relaxed. If we always stop studying when our children are tired, then when the next study begins, the children will feel unhappy in their hearts. In the long run, children's enthusiasm will decline and even refuse to learn.
12, read as soon as possible.
If children are only taught to read, although they can learn a lot of Chinese characters, it is difficult to arouse their interest and curiosity. I have met several children who have learned more than 1000 words, and they are not very enthusiastic about literacy. Because what they see is just boring square characters, they don't understand the meaning. In this way, it is difficult for children to enter the state of conscious learning. Only when children enter reading as soon as possible and feel that Chinese characters can organize beautiful stories will they actively and consciously learn.