Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.
If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.
Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.
Pull shepherd's purse from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her. There are 300 ancient poems of China and The Book of Songs, love translation and annotation translation.
Guan Guan and Ming's pheasant doves are accompanied by small and medium-sized rivers. That beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.
Uneven shepherd's purse, from left to right. That beautiful and virtuous woman wants to pursue her after waking up.
I can't get it when I pursue it, and I always miss her day and night. I miss you so much that I can't sleep.
Pick the shepherd's purse from left to right. The beautiful and virtuous woman approached her by playing the harp.
Rugged shepherd's purse, pulled from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings bells and drums to please her.
The short poem Guo Feng Nan Zhou Guanju occupies a special position in the history of China literature. It is the first book in The Book of Songs, the oldest book in China literature. Although judging from the nature, some fairy tales should have been produced earlier, as written records, it is a late thing. Therefore, we can almost say that when we open the history of China literature, the first thing that catches our eye is Guan Ju.
It is not known whether the editors of The Book of Songs have any intention in the arrangement of poems. However, at least the understanding of later generations does not think that Guan Yu was randomly arranged from the beginning. The Analects of Confucius mentioned the Book of Songs many times, but the only work that made a concrete evaluation was Guanju, which was called "Happiness without lewdness, sadness without injury". In his view, Guan Ju is a model to show the virtue of the "golden mean". The Han Confucian Preface to Mao Poetry also said: "The wind rises, so the wind prevails in the world, and couples are right. Therefore, it is used by the villagers and used by the country. " This involves an ethical thought in ancient China: in the eyes of the ancients, husband and wife are the beginning of human relations, and all moral perfection in the world must be based on the virtue of husband and wife. The author of Preface to Mao Poetry thinks that Guan Ju has exemplary significance in this respect, so it is listed as "the beginning of Feng". It can be used to influence the world, not only for the "villagers" that is, ordinary people, but also for the "nation" that is, the ruling class.
In fact, the content of Guan Yu is very simple. It's about a gentleman's pursuit of a lady. If he doesn't get a lady, he will be upset and can't sleep over and over. I was very happy when I got a "lady". I invited people to play music to celebrate and make the "lady" happy. The identity of the characters in the works is very clear: "gentleman" is a general term for nobles in the era of the Book of Songs, and this "gentleman" occupies a considerable position in preparing the music of harps, bells and drums. I used to interpret this poem as a "folk love song", but I'm afraid it's wrong. It should describe the life of the aristocratic class. Besides, it's good to say it's a love poem, but I'm afraid it's not an ordinary love poem. It turned out to be a wedding song, which was praised by the man's family and wished the bride a happy marriage. On the whole, many ballads in The Book of Songs and National Style are lyrical, entertaining and practical in etiquette. But there are also some poems that are considered ordinary songs, just because later generations don't know their original uses. It is also appropriate to sing Guan Ju as a wedding song, from My Fair Lady, Gentleman is Good, to male prostitute, Bells and Drums.
Of course, this poem itself still appears in the form of a love song in which a man pursues a woman. The reason for this is probably related to the fact that the man is the active party in the general marriage relationship. Even in modern times, when a girl has a crush on a boy, she always has to wait for him to speak first, especially in the ancients. Marry a bride, praise her as a beautiful and virtuous girl and a good spouse of a gentleman, and say that she once missed her very much and was lovesick, which must be very pleasing to the bride. Then, in a piece of music, our feelings are close to each other, and a happy marriage begins here. Even from the emotional structure of poetry, there are some twists and turns in the middle, from thinking of a wife when meeting Guan Yu to forming a good piano, chess and calligraphy: hard-won things are particularly valuable and enjoyable.
This poem can be regarded as a model to show the virtues of husband and wife, mainly because of these characteristics: first, the love it writes has a clear marriage purpose from the beginning, and finally comes down to a happy marriage, rather than a short encounter between young men and women or a temporary * * *. This kind of love, which clearly points to marriage and shows responsibility, is more recognized by society. Secondly, it describes both men and women as "gentlemen" and "ladies", indicating that this is a combination associated with virtue. "Gentleman" has both status and virtue, while "My Fair Lady" also means beauty in appearance and goodness in virtue. The combination of "gentleman" and "lady" here represents an ideal of marriage. Third, it is the restraint of love behavior written in poetry. After careful reading, it can be noted that although this poem is about the man's pursuit of the woman, it does not involve direct contact between the two sides at all. Of course, the "lady" didn't move, and the "gentleman" was just "tossing and turning" there. Things like climbing the wall and breaking the willow seemed to have never been thought of at all, and love was very disciplined. Such a kind of love, which is not only true affection (which is very important for love poems), but also shows peace and moderation, will not be too intense for readers. All these characteristics are probably related to the fact that this poem was originally a noble wedding song. On that occasion, an atmosphere of restraint and joy commensurate with the status of the host is needed. Confucius saw a kind of beauty of neutralization with extensive significance, which advocated his attitude towards life of self-denial and self-respect, and attached importance to moral cultivation. Preface to Mao Poetry promoted it as a moral teaching material that can "make the wind prevail in the world and make husband and wife pair". The perspectives of the two are somewhat different, but there are still fundamental similarities.
There are profound reasons why ancient Confucian scholars attached importance to the virtue of husband and wife. In the first sense, the family is the basic unit of social organization. In ancient times, the harmony and stability of this basic unit was of great significance to the harmony and stability of the whole social order. In the second sense, the so-called "husband and wife virtue" actually refers to all aspects related to men and women. "eat drink man woman, man's greatest desire is survival" (Li Yun, Book of Rites), and Confucius also knows that this is the basic requirement of human survival. The desire to eat and drink is relatively simple (of course, there must be food first), while the emotional activities triggered by men's and women's desires are much more complicated, active and intense, which is also much more harmful to living standards and social order. Confucius once lamented: "I have never seen such a good virtue as lust." (The Analects of Confucius) Therefore, all restraint and self-cultivation must first start from the desires of men and women. This is of course necessary, but how much restraint is appropriate is a complex issue, which involves the integration of social material production level, political structure, cultural tradition and other factors, as well as the changes of times conditions. When a society tries to take a completely negative attitude towards individual rights, severe prohibition will first appear in this respect. On the contrary, when a society is in a period of change and the old moral norms are destroyed, this will happen first. Back to Guanju, it praises a kind of love with restrained feelings, cautious behavior and harmonious marriage. Therefore, Confucianism believes that this is a good model and a textbook for "married couples" to guide extensive virtues.
Writing Skills This poem mainly shows good luck. What is "Xing" in Mao's legend "Starry Night"? Kong's explanation is the most pertinent. He said in "Justice in Mao Poetry": "Anyone who is' Xing' will rise. Draw inferences from others, lead the whole class and open your heart. All the plants, animals and birds cited in Poetry are' Xing'. " The so-called "xing" is to arouse what is sung from other scenery as a sustenance. This is a euphemistic and implicit expression. Such a poem is based on the dove's "loyalty and difference", and a lady should be worthy of a gentleman; Miss with poor leek flow is hard to find; And leek are also "pick" and "win", and miss and miss are also "friends" and "happy". The advantage of this technique is that it has far-reaching influence and can produce more than enough effect.
This poem also uses some disyllabic rhyming words to enhance the harmonious beauty of poetic tone and the vividness of describing characters. For example, "graceful and restrained" rhymes; "Staggered" is disyllabic; "Tossing" is both a double tone and a rhyme. Use such words to modify actions, such as "tossing and turning"; Imitate images, such as My Fair Lady; Describing scenery, such as "jagged shepherd's purse", is vivid and vivid. Liu said in his Essay Notes: "The ancient voice ... proverbs mostly follow the nature, and the reason why they can be homophonic is that one sentence is Ye Yun, and the other is that the words with double rhymes are used between sentences." Although this poem is different from Ye Yun's, the use of disyllabic rhymes keeps the simple and natural style of ancient poetry.
In terms of rhyme, this poem adopts the way of even sentences entering rhyme. This even rhyme has dominated China's classical poetry for more than two thousand years. Moreover, the whole article rhymes three times, and the word "zhi" at the foot of the function word does not rhyme, but the previous word of the function word rhymes. This uneven change of rhythm greatly enhances the sense of rhythm and musical beauty of poetry.
We should understand Guan Ju from two aspects: poetry and music. As far as poetry is concerned, it is a "folk song", and the love between men and women is reflected in a folk custom. According to legend, the ancients had the custom of meeting men and women in mid-spring moon. "Zhou Li Local Officials and Media Officials" said: "Media officials (that is, media officials) are responsible for everyone's judgment (cooperation). ..... Mid-spring (February) makes men and women, so I can't bear it (I can't help running); Those who don't use the order for no reason will be punished, and those who have no husband will be punished. " The chant in Guanju may not be a record of this historical event, but this historical event helps us to understand the psychological state and customs of ancient men and women who met, fell in love and hoped to get married. The object of literary works is social life, and the description of social customs can more truly reproduce social life, so that social life can be integrated into the picture of social customs, which is more realistic. Guan Ju describes the love between men and women in ancient times as a social custom. As far as music is concerned, the whole poem is formed for harmony. Zheng Qiao's Preface to Tongzhi Yuefu Zheng Sheng said: "Those who tune words are called poems, and when they are sung, they are called songs. There is no poet who does not sing. " Zheng Qiao particularly emphasized the importance of temperament. All lively and vivid poems in ancient times can often be sung and pay attention to the harmony of timbre. Guanju uses repeated chapters and sentences, which shows that it is a song and a poem that lives in people's mouths. Of course, "Guanju" is a combination of expressing poetry and fast sound, and conveying poetry with tone. Zheng Xuan's Preface to Poetry said: "Yu Shu said:' Poetry expresses ambition, songs always say, sound is eternal, and law is harmonious.' However, what is the way of poetry? "
"Guan Ju Kao" is Feng's opening work and the first article in The Book of Songs. The ancients ranked it at the top of 305 articles, indicating its high value. "Historical Records Family of consorts" once recorded: "The Book of Changes is the foundation of Gankun, the Book of Songs began in Guanju, and the Book of Songs is beautiful ... The couple are married and have great humanity." The Biography of Han Kuang Heng also recorded Kuang Heng's thin cloud: "At the time of matching, the beginning of human life is the origin of all blessings. The wedding ceremony is right, and then the goods are cashed and the fate is complete. Confucius' comments on poetry generally began with Guan Ju. ..... The first of this discipline is the end of Wang Jiao. "Their focus is pedantic, but the summary of the original intention of poetry is basically correct. The question is what kind of marriage it represents. This is related to our understanding of the wind. The preface to Zhu's Biography of Poetry says: "The so-called poetic style mostly comes from the works of alley ballads. The so-called men and women sing songs and express their feelings. Zheng Qiao's Preface to Tongzhi Yuefu Zheng Sheng said: "Poetry is in sound, not in meaning. Even today, there are new voices in the city, and the streets and alleys are competing for songs. Is it the beauty of its meaning? "Go straight for its new ear." Zhu discusses it from the poetic meaning, but explains it from the tone. Combining the two, we can think that the wind is a kind of ballad that expresses the love between men and women and sings with local accent. Although Zhu's interpretation of Guan Ju's theme is not so, from the specific performance of Guan Ju, it is indeed a romantic work between men and women, which is about a man's pursuit of women's love. Its sound, emotion, writing and meaning are all good enough to be the beginning of the wind and the first of 300 articles. Confucius said, "Guan Ju is happy but not lewd, and sad but not hurt." (The Analects of Confucius Eight Shu) Since then, people's comments on Guan Ju have all been "compromised by Confucius" (Historical Records Confucius Family). But what about Guan Ju?
Without ten sunny days in a spring, clouds will rain everywhere. Wild spring water is better than Kagami Akira, and the figure is not surprised to cross gulls. Peach blossoms smile from the fence, as if they were the most affectionate before opening. Mautz got the guests' clothes wet, and chickens crowed in the afternoon. -Song Wangzao "Spring Day" Spring Day
There is no sunny day in a spring, and it will be overcast everywhere.
Wild spring water is better than Kagami Akira, and the figure is not surprised to cross gulls.
Peach blossoms smile from the fence, as if they were the most affectionate before opening.
Mautz got the guests' clothes wet, and chickens crowed in the afternoon. There are 300 ancient poems, reciting things and writing flowers to convey feelings. After all, in mid-June, the scenery of the West Lake is different from that at four o'clock. Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun. -Song Yang Wanli "Chu Xiao Jingci Temple sends Lin Zifang" and Chu Xiao Jingci Temple sends Lin Zifang.
It is the scenery of the West Lake in June, which is really different from other seasons.
Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun. 300 ancient poems, summer, West Lake, scenery writing, lotus flowers, parting, friendship, farewell, 12 months early education ancient poems 100 to buy horses, thousands of dollars to buy beautiful women; Where can I buy youth if I buy a senior official? -"Accidental Works" by Qu Fu in Qing Dynasty
A hundred gold buys a horse, and a thousand gold buys a beauty;
Where can I buy youth if I buy a senior official? Three hundred ancient poems, lamenting youth.