The State Council's Opinions on Developing Preschool Education at Present
Guo Fa [20 10] No.41
People's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:
In order to implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the National Education Work Conference and the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020), actively develop preschool education, focus on solving the current problem of "difficulty in entering the park", meet the needs of school-age children, and promote the scientific development of preschool education, we hereby put forward the following opinions.
First, put the development of preschool education in a more important position. Preschool education is the beginning of lifelong learning, an important part of the national education system and an important social welfare undertaking. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the new century, China's preschool education has made great progress and its popularity has gradually increased. However, on the whole, preschool education is still a weak link in education at all levels, mainly manifested in the shortage of educational resources, insufficient investment, imperfect teachers, imperfect institutional mechanisms, unbalanced urban and rural development, and the problem of "difficulty in entering the park" in some places. Running pre-school education well is related to the healthy growth of hundreds of millions of children, the vital interests of thousands of families and the future of the country and the nation.
To develop preschool education, we must adhere to public welfare and inclusiveness, strive to build a public service system for preschool education that covers urban and rural areas and has a reasonable layout, and ensure that school-age children receive basic and quality preschool education; It is necessary to adhere to government leadership, social participation, public and private development, implement the responsibilities of governments at all levels, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties; We should persist in reform and innovation and strive to break down the institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict the scientific development of preschool education; We should adhere to local conditions and proceed from reality to provide convenient, flexible and multi-level preschool education services for children and parents; We must adhere to scientific parenting, follow the laws of children's physical and mental development, and promote children's healthy and happy growth.
Governments at all levels should fully understand the importance and urgency of developing preschool education, take vigorously developing preschool education as a breakthrough in implementing the outline of education planning, as an important task to promote the development of educational science, and as a major livelihood project to build a harmonious socialist society, put it on the important agenda of government work and earnestly grasp it.
Second, expand preschool education resources in various forms. Vigorously develop public kindergartens and provide "wide coverage and basic" preschool education services. Increase government investment, build, rebuild and expand a number of safe and applicable kindergartens. It is not allowed to use government investment to build kindergartens that exceed the standard and charge high fees. After the adjustment of the layout of primary and secondary schools, the remaining educational resources and other remaining public resources will be transformed into kindergartens first. Encourage high-quality public kindergartens to hold branch parks or cooperative parks. Formulate preferential policies to support street and rural collective kindergartens.
Encourage social forces to organize kindergartens in various forms. Support social forces to run parks by ensuring rational land use and reducing taxes and fees. Actively support the development of private kindergartens, especially low-cost inclusive private kindergartens for the public. Guide and support private kindergartens to provide inclusive services through the government's purchase of services, rent reduction, compensation by awards, and sending public teachers. Private kindergartens have the same status as public kindergartens in examination registration, classification and grading, evaluation and guidance, teacher training, professional title evaluation, qualification recognition, recognition and reward.
If there are no supporting kindergartens in urban areas, kindergartens should be built according to the planning of residential areas and the population size, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. Supporting kindergartens in newly-built residential areas shall be planned, constructed and delivered simultaneously with residential areas. Construction land shall be guaranteed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. If the zoning plan for supporting kindergarten construction is not arranged according to the regulations, it shall not be approved. As a public educational resource, urban community supporting kindergartens are arranged by the local government as a whole, held as public kindergartens or entrusted as inclusive private kindergartens. Urban kindergarten construction should fully consider the needs of migrant workers' children to receive preschool education.
Strive to expand rural preschool education resources. All localities should take the development of pre-school education as an important part of the construction of new socialist countryside, and take kindergartens as public service facilities in new rural areas for unified planning, giving priority to construction and accelerating development. Governments at all levels should increase investment in rural preschool education. Starting from this year, the state will implement the rural preschool education promotion project, focusing on supporting the central and western regions; Local governments at all levels should arrange special funds for the construction of rural kindergartens. Villages and towns build parks independently, small villages set up sub-parks or jointly run parks, mobile kindergartens and seasonal classes are held in densely populated areas, and full-time itinerant instructors are equipped to gradually improve the preschool education network of counties, townships and villages. Improve the teaching guarantee conditions of rural kindergartens and equip them with basic teaching facilities, teaching AIDS and children's books. Create more conditions and strive to ensure that left-behind children enter the park. To develop rural preschool education, we should fully consider the trend of rural population distribution and mobility, and rationally allocate and effectively use resources.
Third, strengthen the construction of preschool teachers in various ways. Accelerate the construction of a team of preschool teachers with noble morality, love for children, excellent business and reasonable structure. According to national requirements and local conditions, all localities reasonably determine the ratio of students to teachers, verify the staffing of public kindergartens, and gradually complete the staffing of kindergartens. Improve the qualification access system for preschool teachers and strictly control the entrance. 20 10 the state promulgated the professional standards for preschool teachers. Open recruitment of qualified graduates to enrich the team of preschool teachers. Surplus teachers in primary and secondary schools can be transferred to preschool education after passing the training.
Implement the status and treatment of preschool teachers according to law. Effectively safeguard the rights and interests of kindergarten teachers, and improve the implementation of the salary guarantee measures for kindergarten teachers, the evaluation and employment mechanism for professional and technical titles (positions) and social security policies. For public kindergarten teachers who have worked in rural grass-roots units and hard and remote areas for a long time, the wage tilt policy shall be implemented in accordance with state regulations. Commend outstanding kindergarten directors and teachers.
Improve the pre-school teacher training system. Run the secondary preschool normal school well. Do a good job in preschool education in normal universities. Build a number of preschool teachers' colleges. Strengthen the training of preschool teachers for rural areas and expand the enrollment scale of preschool education majors for free normal students. Actively explore the training mode of five-year preschool teachers at the starting point of junior high school graduation. Attach importance to the training of special education teachers for children. Establish a training system for kindergarten directors and teachers to meet the diverse learning and development needs of kindergarten teachers. Innovate the training mode to provide training for non-normal graduates who are interested in preschool education. Within three years, 65,438+0,000 kindergarten directors and key teachers will be trained at the national level. All localities will carry out a round of professional training for kindergarten directors and teachers within five years.
Fourth, increase investment in preschool education through multiple channels. Governments at all levels should include preschool education funds in the fiscal budget. New education funds should be tilted towards preschool education. The proportion of financial preschool education funds to the financial education funds at the same level should be reasonable, and it should be significantly improved in the next three years. According to the actual investigation, all localities have formulated the per capita funding standard and the per capita financial allocation standard for public kindergartens. Formulate preferential policies to encourage social forces to run parks and donate subsidies to run parks. Families should share the cost of preschool education reasonably. Establish a pre-school education funding system to fund children with financial difficulties and orphans and disabled children to receive inclusive pre-school education. Develop preschool rehabilitation education for disabled children. The central government has set up special funds to support the development of preschool education and preschool bilingual education in rural areas, ethnic minority areas and border areas in the central and western regions. Local governments should increase investment and focus on supporting the development of preschool education in remote and poor areas and ethnic minority areas. Standardize the use and management of preschool education funds.
Five, strengthen the kindergarten access management. Improve laws and regulations and standardize the management of preschool education. Strictly implement the kindergarten access system. According to the basic national standards and the different needs of the society for preschool education, various localities have formulated school-running standards for various kindergartens and implemented classified management and guidance. The county-level education administrative department is responsible for approving all kinds of kindergartens, establishing a kindergarten information management system, and implementing dynamic supervision of kindergartens. Improve and implement the annual inspection system of kindergartens. No unit or individual may hold a kindergarten without obtaining a permit to run the park and going through the registration formalities. The competent department of examination and approval should strengthen the supervision and management of all kinds of early childhood training institutions and early education guidance institutions.
Classified management, properly solve the problem of running a park without a license. All localities should conduct a comprehensive investigation of the existing unlicensed parks, strengthen guidance, and urge rectification. During the rectification period, it is necessary to ensure that children receive preschool education normally. If the rectification reaches the corresponding standard, a park permit will be issued. After the rectification, the basic requirements for ensuring the safety and health of children are still not met. The local government should ban it according to law and properly divert and resettle young children.
Sixth, strengthen the safety supervision of kindergartens. All localities should attach great importance to kindergarten safety work, strengthen the construction of safety facilities, equip security personnel, improve various safety management systems and safety responsibility systems, and implement various measures to prevent accidents. Relevant departments should, in accordance with the division of functions, establish a full-coverage kindergarten safety protection system, earnestly intensify their work and strengthen supervision and guidance. Kindergartens should raise awareness of safety precautions and strengthen internal safety management. The streets, communities and villagers' committees where kindergartens are located should do a good job in kindergarten safety management.
Seven, standardize the management of kindergarten fees. The relevant state departments promulgated the measures for the administration of kindergarten fees 20 1 1. The relevant departments at the provincial level shall, according to the level of urban and rural economic and social development, the cost of running kindergartens and the affordability of the masses, and formulate the charging standards for public kindergartens in accordance with the principle of reasonable sharing of educational costs by families in the non-compulsory education stage. Strengthen the management of private kindergarten fees, improve the filing procedures, and strengthen classified guidance. Kindergarten fees publicity system, accept social supervision. Strengthen the supervision of fees and resolutely investigate and deal with arbitrary charges.
Eight, adhere to scientific education, and promote the healthy development of children's body and mind. Strengthen the guidance of kindergarten education, and in 20 10, the state promulgated the Guide to Children's Learning and Development. Follow the law of children's physical and mental development, face all children, pay attention to individual differences, adhere to the game as the basic activity, entertain and educate, and promote children's healthy growth. Strengthen the provision and guidance of kindergarten teaching AIDS and children's books, create a colorful educational environment for children, and prevent and correct the tendency of "primary school" in kindergarten education. Study and formulate the examination and approval methods for kindergarten teachers' guidance books. Establish a supervision system to evaluate the quality of kindergarten education. Improve the pre-school education teaching and research guidance network. We should closely combine kindergarten education with family education to create a good environment for the healthy growth of young children.
Nine, improve the working mechanism, strengthen organizational leadership. Governments at all levels should strengthen the overall coordination of preschool education, improve the working mechanism of division of responsibilities between the heads of education departments and relevant departments, and form a joint force to promote the development of preschool education. Education departments should improve policies, formulate standards, enrich management, teaching and scientific research, and strengthen supervision and management and scientific guidance of preschool education. The organization department should reasonably determine the staffing of public kindergartens according to the actual situation. The development and reform department shall incorporate preschool education into the local economic and social development plan and support the construction and development of kindergartens. The financial department should increase investment, formulate preferential policies and support preschool education. Urban and rural construction and land resources departments should implement the planning and land use of urban residential areas and supporting kindergartens in new countryside. Human resources and social security departments should formulate policies on personnel (labor), wages, social security and technical titles (positions) of kindergarten staff. The departments of price, finance and education should strengthen the management of kindergarten fees according to the division of responsibilities. Comprehensive management and public security departments should strengthen the supervision and guidance of kindergarten safety and security work, and rectify and purify the surrounding environment. The health department should supervise and guide the health care work in kindergartens. Civil affairs, industry and commerce, quality inspection, safety production supervision, food and drug supervision and other departments should strengthen the guidance and management of kindergartens according to the division of functions. Women's federations, disabled persons' federations and other units shall actively carry out publicity and guidance on family education and early education for disabled children. Give full play to the role of urban community neighborhood committees and rural villagers' autonomous organizations, and establish a mechanism for community and parents to participate in kindergarten management and supervision.
Ten, overall planning, the implementation of preschool education three-year action plan. The governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should conduct in-depth investigations, accurately grasp the basic situation and outstanding problems of local preschool education, scientifically calculate the demand for admission to the park and the gap between supply and demand in combination with the economic and social development and the distribution and changing trend of the school-age population in the region, determine the development goals, decompose the annual tasks, implement funds, and prepare a three-year action plan for preschool education by county as a unit to effectively alleviate the "difficulty in entering the park". 20 1 1 Before the end of March, the action plans of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) shall be submitted to the Office of the National Leading Group for Education System Reform for the record.
Local government is the main body responsible for developing preschool education and solving the problem of "difficulty in entering the park". All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should establish supervision and inspection, assessment, rewards and punishments and accountability mechanisms to ensure that all measures to vigorously develop preschool education are implemented and achieved practical results. Education supervision departments at all levels should take preschool education as the focus of supervision, and strengthen supervision and inspection on the implementation of government responsibilities, the construction of teachers, the investment of funds, and safety management. And announce the results to the public. The Ministry of Education shall, jointly with relevant departments, conduct special inspections on the progress of the three-year action plan for preschool education in various places, organize publicity and popularization of advanced experience, commend and reward areas with outstanding achievements in preschool education development, and create a good atmosphere for the whole society to care for and support preschool education.
the State Council
20 10 year 1 1 month/day.