First, the training of cognitive ability 1, observation ability: 1 distinguish size. Choose similar items with significant differences in size to practice, such as big apples and small apples, big balls and small balls. 2 identify the shape. Teach children to understand simple geometric shapes, such as circles, triangles and squares, which can be described by physical shapes, such as spheres, triangles and squares. ③ Identify colors. Distinguish from four basic colors: red, yellow, blue and green. Tell the children that the balloon is red, the sweater is yellow and the leaves are green. 2. Memory training (1) Physical memory practice. Let the children find the toys they need according to their memories. For example, first show the children a small ball, then put it away, and then let the children look for this small ball among other toys. (2) Strengthen memory practice. Parents can choose something intuitive, closely related to the child and interested in training his memory. Children can be taught their own names and main body parts, and the scene will be repeated after a period of time. Second, the training of sports ability 1, continue to train children's ability to walk independently and the stability of walking, so as to promote the coordination of sports and the balance of the body. You can drag the toy car with your child and teach the child to pull the car forward, walk sideways and walk backwards. Prepare a big ball. Adults roll the ball to the child's feet and teach him to lift his feet and kick the ball. 2. Develop children's walking, squatting and bending movements. Scatter toys everywhere, let children collect toys and give them to adults or put them in a fixed place. 3. Train the flexibility and accuracy of children's hands. For example, teach children to learn to draw, build blocks, punch toys with plastic ropes, and take things. Third, the training of speech ability uses various opportunities to enrich children's language vocabulary, and briefly explain the purpose and relationship of objects, expand children's cognitive scope, and promote language understanding and expression. Show children pictures and children's books, take them outside to play, teach them the names of objects, and ask them the names and uses of pictures or objects. "What is this?" "What is it for?" Guide the child to answer, and kiss him when the child answers correctly to show encouragement. At this time, children have begun to like to listen to adult stories. When parents tell stories to their children, they should speak slowly and briefly, with clear pronunciation and rich expressions. You can match actions according to the story to increase your child's attention and interest. Children love stories, and adults can repeat them several times, or make up stories about what children have witnessed or experienced. Fourth, social and life skills training 1, educate children to be polite. Guests at home should teach their children to say hello, say hello, say thank you when accepting something from others, and wave goodbye when leaving. Encourage children to entertain guests with sweets and fruits and give toys to children at home. Step 2 sleep. In addition to sleeping at night, you can sleep twice during the day, each time 1 ~ 2 hours. Don't use threats, intimidation and other means to force children to sleep, and don't tell scary stories to children, lest they be afraid and refuse to sleep alone. Wash your face, hands, feet and buttocks before going to bed, urinate well, and put on loose and warm pajamas, which will make children feel comfortable and easy to fall asleep, which will not only help to develop good sleep habits, but also help children establish sleep conditions. 3. Diet. After weaning, the frequency of feeding is about 4 ~ 5 times a day, which can be arranged at breakfast, lunch and dinner time and when you wake up from sleep during the day. Develop the habit of eating regularly and positioning meals, and encourage children to eat by themselves. Form the habit of washing hands before and after meals. 4. Train children to do what they can in daily life and cultivate their ability to live independently. Teach children to try to take off their shoes and socks, try to lift their pants after defecation, put on their hats when going out, let them change their shoes with slippers when coming home from work, teach children to put their hands into the water actively when washing their hands, and help their parents clean up after playing with toys, etc. Supplement the key points of early education for children under one year old: master the order and laws of children's physical and mental development, such as language, intelligence, physical fitness and senses, adopt encouraging learning, create a happy environment and develop their own potential. Entertainment classes to develop physical fitness, imagination and social skills; Music lessons help memory and improve language ability; Art classes to improve imagination and physical fitness are more suitable for children at this stage than simple learning and mechanical memory. The focus of early education for children aged one and a half to three years old: the development of baby's various abilities has a gradual process. Setting the training theme according to the critical period of baby's ability development and grasping the accurate education order can make family early education get twice the result with half the effort. The picture below shows children at all stages.