According to the State Council's "Several Opinions on the Current Development of Preschool Education" (Guo Fa 20 104 1), Article 5 "Strengthen the kindergarten admission management. Improve laws and regulations and standardize the management of preschool education. Strictly implement the kindergarten access system. According to the basic national standards and the different needs of the society for preschool education, various localities have formulated school-running standards for various kindergartens and implemented classified management and guidance. The county-level education administrative department is responsible for approving all kinds of kindergartens, establishing a kindergarten information management system, and implementing dynamic supervision of kindergartens. " There are strict examination and approval conditions and procedures, as shown in the following table:
The the State Council Document also stipulates: "Encourage social forces to set up kindergartens in various forms. Support social forces to run parks by ensuring rational land use and reducing taxes and fees. Actively support the development of private kindergartens, especially low-cost inclusive private kindergartens for the public. Guide and support private kindergartens to provide inclusive services by means of * * * purchasing services, reducing rents, substituting awards and sending public teachers. Private kindergartens have the same status as public kindergartens in terms of approval and registration, classification and grading, evaluation and guidance, teacher training, professional title evaluation, qualification recognition, recognition and reward. "
Question 2: What does it mean to run an educated kindergarten? I've only heard of public and private statements. Is the education department running an education office? This should also be made public. . .
Question 3: What does it mean that kindergarten is both an education industry and a service industry? As a welfare system, kindergartens in China were organized by the state or collective in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, but only covered children in a few departments. Since China entered the market economy, enterprises and institutions have gradually stripped off their social functions. Due to the weak national strength, the field of early childhood education has been almost completely pushed to the market. This is the best period for private kindergartens to operate. However, due to the lack of funds, operators' quality and specialty, private kindergartens have not really formed competitive pressure on public parks. Private kindergartens are characterized by a large number, backward hardware, low quality and weak brand. Public kindergartens around the country still dominate. Although their market share is not high, they have a high reputation in popularity, cost performance, hard environment and education quality.
One of the reasons why private kindergartens did not become the protagonist of the initial marketization is that the money bags of ordinary people have not become thicker. At the same time, the educational standards and authority are still in the hands of the national education department, and private kindergartens have never had the opportunity of fair competition. Under the dual status of athletes and referees, public kindergartens take their time in the market competition. In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, a large number of middle classes have emerged. Coupled with the cumulative effect of the only child, several adults around a child, thus pushing China into the period of strong demand for early childhood education. This is another golden development period for private kindergartens. This is also an extremely dangerous market turning point.
There are more than ten public kindergartens in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, and the fees are as low as three or four hundred yuan. There are only two or three local private parks, but the fees are 10-20 times. This will also be the epitome of most cities in China in the next 10-30 years. Throughout Japan, Australia, the United States and other developed countries, this is also the only way. Although China does not have the economic strength to bring all preschool education into compulsory education, it is only a matter of time. Therefore, while sharing the market feast, private kindergartens should also see the hidden worries of future development. Rapid scale is an important guarantee to increase profits, but it cannot guarantee the final position of the market. The idea of trying to build a huge empire through chain development will eventually end in a bleak exit. Private schools are the most influential in the American education industry, whether it is kindergartens or universities.
As the base of the pyramid, public schools focus on universal education and compulsory education, while private schools occupy the top position, characterized by aristocratization, profitability and branding, with the quality of education as the core symbol. How to locate the market and determine the goal of private kindergartens today is related to the future market growth and pattern distribution. At present, many private kindergartens actively shape their own market competitive advantages by establishing chain brands, capital intervention, efficient operation, unified logo, high-grade decoration, westernized education and caring education, but these are far from the real competitive focus-education field. Compared with the various names, false names and flashy preschool education modes implemented by private kindergartens, the preschool education in public kindergartens based on solid traditional education in China is ugly, but it has objective and realistic effects.
This dilemma not only exists in the field of preschool education, but also exists in the whole education industry and private schools in China, that is, they lack the core competitive advantage in the field of education. Even the famous New Oriental has not escaped this marginal situation. Private education may become a passer-by at any time if it does not change its management direction of making money instead of quality. To concentrate effective resources on teaching and scientific research, operators should attach importance to education, let educators do education, and dare to create experimental fields for educational reform. Only in this way can we gradually win the leading edge in the field of education and gradually occupy the leading position in the field of education. Taking Harvard as an evergreen tree is the best choice and ultimate destination of private education in China.
Second, the development of early childhood education model
China's modern education system, subject setting and curriculum content are mainly imported from the west. At this time, early childhood education can not become an area of concern. Private school education, which lasted for thousands of years, has always been the main form of enlightenment education in China. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, kindergartens should strictly be nurseries or nurseries, and there was almost no research and development in education. Representatives of several educators, such as Chen Heqin and Tao Xingzhi, put forward their own ideas and opinions on early childhood education, and made many useful practical attempts, but how do they compare with Maria, a western early childhood education expert at the same time? In the breadth and depth of educational research, Montessori and others are incomparable. Under the influence of the Cultural Revolution, preschool education in China objectively became a simplified version of primary education.
Around 2 1 century, western preschool education thought and education mode were gradually privatized in China ...
Question 4: What is the core educational concept of kindergarten? The idea of running a garden refers to the theoretical guidance, goal and direction that education should follow. The educational concept of kindergarten is different from the vision of kindergarten. The educational concept of kindergarten is like the soul of kindergarten, engraved in the cultural construction of kindergarten. A kindergarten without educational concept has no "soul".
The establishment of educational concept is the embodiment of a kindergarten director's profound understanding of early childhood education.
At present, the educational concept of kindergartens in China has four characteristics:
One is the sameness. Such as "all for children; For all the children, for all the children. "
Second, there is no personality.
Third, it violates the laws of early childhood education.
Fourth, there is no idea.
Six problems in the construction of kindergarten education concept;
First, we must not violate the laws of kindergarten education.
Second, you can't copy other kindergartens.
The third is to highlight the characteristics of kindergartens.
The fourth is to integrate the director's educational concept and highlight the director's personality.
Fifth, we should vividly embody the concept of running the park, strengthen publicity and win the hearts of the people.
Sixth, we should use various forms to explain the educational concept to parents and society.
The establishment of kindergarten education concept is also the formation of kindergarten education ideal and education thought. With the kindergarten's "director spirit", the director's work has a direction, a starting point and a foothold, and a theoretical weapon. The director should take every opportunity to strengthen this theory in time. Guiding parents with scientific ideas and teachers with correct theories is the key to success that an excellent kindergarten director must master, and it is also the real foundation of the director's superb leadership art.
Although the establishment of a kindergarten education concept can not fully explain the theoretical level of the director, only a profound kindergarten education concept can collide with the brilliant wisdom of running a kindergarten.
Question 5: What documents do you need to run a kindergarten? The urban education department has formulated the certification procedures and approval procedures.
(Reporter Di Dongfang) This newspaper's continuous report on the rectification of unlicensed kindergartens in urban areas has attracted wide attention from the public. In the case of clear standards for running private kindergartens, what materials are needed to bid for private kindergartens? What procedures should I go through? On June 5438+05, the Urban Education Bureau gave a detailed explanation.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Urban Education Bureau, the establishment (preparation) of urban private schools (kindergartens) needs to apply for a private preschool education license first, so it is necessary to provide corresponding information, and then the relevant departments should handle it according to the legal approval process. Details are as follows:
Submission of materials
The relevant materials and certificates submitted for applying for the establishment (or preparation) of private schools include:
Pre-school education institutions bid report and approval application form
The name of the specification and the list of members of the first decision-making body
Basic information, identity certificate and conduct certificate of the person-in-charge to be appointed.
Relevant qualification certificates of the personnel to be employed (teachers' qualification certificate, accounting qualification certificate and temporary residence permit are required for foreign accounts)
Valid certification documents (capital verification report, risk deposit receipt) of the assets of the pre-school education institution to be established.
Draft articles of association of the pre-school education institution to be established (including the name and address of the kindergarten, the purpose, scale, level and form of running the school, the amount, source and nature of the assets of the kindergarten, the composition, personnel composition, term of office and rules of procedure of the board of directors or other decision-making bodies, whether the legal representative and investors of the kindergarten require reasonable returns, the reasons for the voluntary termination of the kindergarten, the procedures for amending the articles of association, etc.).
Development plan (including school purpose, planning objectives, education and teaching principles, enrollment targets and scope, composition of teaching staff, curriculum plan, textbooks to be used, etc.). )
Building plan, distribution map of functional rooms, planning and configuration of facilities and equipment, and certificate of site use right.
Seismic appraisal of buildings
Fire safety audit opinions issued by the public security fire department
"Kindergarten Health Care Certificate" issued by the health administrative department and the education administrative department at or above the county level.
Food and beverage license
Employee health certificate provided by the health inspection unit.
A written labor contract signed between a school-running institution and a teacher.
Fees and recruitment advertisements
Other materials required by the examination and approval authority.
Approval process
After examining the above materials, the examination and approval authority shall issue a written acceptance certificate on the spot or within 5 days.
Within 30 days from the date of accepting the application for establishment, make a decision on whether or not to agree in writing. If the establishment is approved, an approval letter for the establishment shall be issued to the applicant; If it does not agree to the establishment, it shall issue reasons to the applicant.
The examination and approval authority shall organize experts to inspect and evaluate the conditions for running a school, and make a written decision on whether to approve the establishment within 3 months from the date of acceptance.
If the establishment is approved, the applicant shall be issued a license for running a formally established private school, and the name, address and person in charge of the formally established private school shall be announced to the public; If the establishment is not approved, explain the reasons for disapproval to the applicant.
Question 6: What does the division number taught in kindergarten mean? For example, 5 can be divided into 3 and 2.
It means 5=3+2.
Question 7: What are the differences among public kindergartens, educational kindergartens and public kindergartens? Public kindergartens are funded by the state, educational kindergartens are funded by the Ministry of Education, and public kindergartens are run by social charities or social donations.
Question 8: What do education departments and collective offices mean? The education department is public, and the national finance (primary schools, middle schools, kindergartens and other schools) funded by the State Education Bureau gives support and input!
Collective management is funded by small units and administrative subordinate departments (primary schools, middle schools, kindergartens and other schools), and the state finance may not necessarily give it, but it may also be self-financing!
Question 9: What's the difference between the conditions for setting up a nursery school? First of all, in terms of form, professional summer nursing classes are taught in small classes, each class does not exceed 10, and the teacher-child ratio is about 1: 6, and the proportion of ear kindergartens is generally 1: 12, or even higher.
Secondly, compared with the ability of nursing, professional child care institutions are refined, and of course they are based on small classes. Compared with kindergartens, this kind of refined management is more applicable when children are younger.
Thirdly, the individualization of education can establish an educational model and a growth file for each child care unit. Because of the heavy workload, ordinary kindergartens can't finish this work. Personalized education can provide guidance and help for children's future development.
Fourth, the nursery class is more humanized. Kindergartens, especially public kindergartens, have no "customer service consciousness". And the general kindergarten, only in the pick-up link is not as good as the custodian. Summer nursing classes can better understand the needs of customers and can be delivered early and picked up late. There is even weekend and holiday care to help young parents who have something to do or want to relax.
Fifth, different educational goals are the most important indicators. Judging from the slogans advocated, kindergartens also pay attention to the development of children in five areas, namely, language, science, health, society and safety, but they also emphasize the establishment of children's sense of psychological order. In ordinary preschool classes, it has become a necessary goal to help children build self-confidence, independence and friendly creativity since childhood, and the whole curriculum system is also set towards this goal.
Sixth, the site selection is also different. Child care institutions are built in relatively concentrated office buildings to serve the white-collar elite of the company. The main characteristics of this group are: high education, high position and high income, and the corresponding ones are: lack of time care, lack of parenting experience, lack of family relationship education and distrust of traditional parenting methods. Of course, kindergartens generally have playgrounds, but trusts don't. But it can be supplemented by parks and green spaces around the site. Children of this age have no requirements for large venues, and their own physical development can't reach this point.
Finally, there is the issue of cost. Summer nursing classes are generally charged by high-end kindergartens. Many advantages, coupled with low prices, highlight the strong market competitiveness of "professional parenting institutions".