Newborn refers to the high morbidity and mortality from fetal delivery and umbilical cord ligation to 28 days ago, so it is more important to do a good job in neonatal care and health care.
Precautions for newborns:
Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed: after feeding the newborn, the mucus in its mouth should be cleaned quickly to ensure the respiratory tract unobstructed. If you are a premature baby, you can put a cushion under your shoulders when you lie on your back to avoid breathing difficulties caused by neck bending.
Skin care: Newborns should wear loose cotton-padded jacket, take a bath every day, keep their skin clean, pay attention to umbilical care, prevent umbilical infection, and pay attention to hip care. After cleaning, apply hip cream to newborns in time to avoid redness, erosion and infection of hip skin, and try to avoid too much contact with outsiders.
Keep warm: Since the temperature of the external environment after birth is obviously lower than that in the mother's womb, we should actively keep warm, especially in winter and spring, the temperature should be kept at 22-24℃ and the humidity should be kept at 55%, so as to keep the newborn's body temperature normal and constant, and pay attention to adjusting the temperature in time and increasing or decreasing clothes and quilts in different seasons.
Feeding: Newborns should breastfeed as soon as possible after birth. Early sucking can promote breast milk secretion and improve breast feeding rate. Full-term newborns can start to supplement vitamin D 14 on the fourth day after birth, and pay attention to hemorrhagic diseases caused by vitamin K deficiency.
Screening of neonatal diseases: including screening of hereditary metabolic diseases such as phenylketonuria and congenital hypothyroidism, and early screening of neonatal hearing, hip dysplasia and congenital heart disease are also needed. Some hospitals have also carried out screening for glucose 6- phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Vaccination: inoculate BCG vaccine 3 days after birth, and inject recombinant yeast hepatitis B virus vaccine 1 month and 6 months after birth within 24 hours after birth. The mother is a carrier of hepatitis B virus. Newborns should be injected with high-priced hepatitis B immunoglobulin intramuscularly within 6 hours after birth, and at the same time, they should be injected with recombinant yeast hepatitis B virus vaccine in different places.