1, the cultivation of observation ability

(1) Cultivate the sense of up and down, inside and outside, and front and back. For example, the game says, "The ball is in the box." "The car is outside the box." Wait a minute.

(2) how much to distinguish. If you give candy to your family, see if you have the same amount. Put it on the table and see who has more and who has less. You can also use special pictures to train children to know how much.

(3) relatively high. Let the children see that their father is taller than their mother and their children are shorter than their mother. Compare toys to see which animal is taller and which animal is shorter, or directly take children to the zoo for field comparison, or look at animal pictures, such as small turtles and rabbits, small monkeys and giraffes, who is taller and who is shorter? If a little monkey climbs a big tree, is it taller than a giraffe?

(4) Guiding children to observe the characteristics of things is helpful to the formation and development of unintentional attention. Take children to observe animals and natural scenery, such as "What is the kitten eating?" "What's your name?" "Where are the birds?" Nature: "Where is the red flower?" "Smell it and see what smells good?" .

2. The cultivation of memory.

(1) vocabulary memory. When adults tell stories that children are familiar with, or teach children to read children's songs that they are familiar with, or sing songs that they are familiar with, they consciously stop and let children supplement. From simple to difficult, they began to let the children continue with words, and then gradually they could let the children continue with one word and one sentence. This can not only promote the improvement of memory, but also develop children's language ability.

(2) Physical memory. Let children recall things that are not in front of them. Give them a toy, let them watch you put the toy in the box, cover it, and let them name the toy in the box.

After 3. 1.5 years old, some complicated contents should be added to children's games to promote children's thinking development.

(1) Compare dimensions. Use toys such as eggs, towers or cartons of different sizes to teach children to put small-sized toys into large-sized toys according to their sizes, so that children can compare, summarize and simply analyze them in the game.

(2) Classify objects according to color characteristics. In the game, adults can let children find out the objects of the specified color among the objects of various colors. In the game, children can also place objects according to colors. For example, put the red wooden ball in the red box, the blue ball in the blue box, and so on.

(3) Cultivate children's ability to solve problems. For example, teach children to nail small boards into wet sand with a small hammer and pull the ring out of their hands with a wooden stick.

4. Cultivation of imagination and creativity.

(1) The Imitation Game. Games can promote the development of children's creative imagination. Adults can guide children to play games that imitate the plot of daily life. At first, adults can imagine the content of the game to guide children's games.

(2) Consciously and systematically cultivating children's painting ability can not only develop children's ability to understand things, but also help develop their small hand muscles and help them to carry out aesthetic education. Then we can gradually develop our imagination and creativity and cultivate our ability to feel the beauty of art, nature and social life. Painting can also cultivate children's good habits of independent activities and concentration, and promote intellectual development.

(3) Cultivate the ability to listen to and appreciate music. Music can give people a beautiful feeling, expand children's imagination of different things in the surrounding environment and promote children's emotional and intellectual development. The first year after birth is the starting point for the development of children's musical ability. By cultivating children's ability to distinguish sound level, length, strength, timbre, rhythm and melody, children's musical sensibility can be cultivated. Familiar songs and interesting rhythmic music can develop children's musical imagination.

Second, the cultivation of sports ability.

1, there are handrails up and down the stairs. Train children to learn to go up and down stairs. When training to go up and down stairs, don't choose too many floors at the beginning, so that children can walk the stairs smoothly and experience the happiness of success.

2. Running practice. Parents can train their children to run flexibly and stably through games, such as running forward and turning flexibly.

3. Encourage children to do what they can through games and manual work, and promote the stability, coordination and flexibility of hand movements.

Third, the cultivation of habits and life ability.

1, the number of sleep during the day gradually decreased to 1 ~ 2 times. According to the work and rest system, children can sleep during the day after lunch, and the sleep time is 1.5 ~ 2 hours. It takes a process for children to switch to a new work and rest system. Parents can gradually transition their children's schedule to a new system according to their physical and mental characteristics.

2. You can arrange children to have three staple foods in the morning, noon and evening, and arrange snacks between the morning, noon and evening. Cultivate children's correct eating posture, teach children to use tableware correctly, don't eat while playing, don't make children laugh at the dinner table, prevent coughing and suffocation, don't let children do strenuous activities after meals, let them do quiet activities for half an hour to avoid vomiting.

3. Teach children to develop the habit of washing their hands before and after meals. It is a complicated thing for children to learn any new skills. Adults should help children ease the difficulty of mastering these new skills. Adults should be patient and let children master the movements that constitute skills smoothly.

4. Cultivate children's habit of caring for toys.

Fourthly, the cultivation of social communication ability.

1, communicate with people. Children in this period have language and can communicate with others better. It is necessary to educate children to know some simple concepts of right and wrong in dealing with people.

2. After children 1 year and a half, speech development will advance by leaps and bounds. They not only repeat what adults say, but also want to name things around them. Language comes from life. Parents should often take their children to play outdoors and in parks, encourage their children to communicate with others, guide them to carefully observe what they encounter, and tell them the names and characteristics of what they encounter. After returning home, let him remember the people he met outside and what he saw, and try to help him describe it in more complete words. In this way, he not only enriched his language vocabulary, but also consolidated his memory and increased his knowledge.