Switzerland "World Garden Country"
Geography: Switzerland is a landlocked country in Central and Western Europe. It borders Austria and Liechtenstein in the east, Italy in the south, France in the west and Germany in the north. Switzerland is mountainous, and about 58% of its area belongs to the Alps, which are divided into three natural terrain areas: the Alps in the south-central, the Jura Mountain in the northwest and the Swiss Plateau. Plateau accounts for 32% of the country's total area, and Jura Mountain in the northwest accounts for about 10% of the country. The highest point, Dolph Peak, is 4634 meters above sea level, and the lowest point, Lake Marjory, is 193 meters above sea level. There are 1 4,94 natural lakes in mountainous areas, plateaus and river valleys, among which Lake Geneva (also called Le Mans Lake) is the largest, with an area of 58 1 km2. There are 0/40 glaciers in China, with a total area of 195 1 km2, accounting for 4.7% of the national area. The Rhine River is the largest river flowing through Switzerland, with a total length of 375 kilometers and a drainage area of 27,963 square kilometers, accounting for 67.6% of the national area. It is Switzerland's waterway to the North Sea and an international waterway through other countries. Rhone River is the second largest river with a drainage area of 6,947 kilometers, accounting for 18% of the national area.
Climate: Switzerland is located in the northern temperate zone, and the Alps stretching from west to east become the climate dividing line of the country. From west to east, the climate has changed from a mild and humid maritime climate to a temperate continental climate with Leng Xia fever in winter. South of the Alps is a maritime climate, and north of the Alps is sometimes influenced by the maritime climate of Western Europe, which is mild and humid, and sometimes by the continental climate of Eastern Europe. It is hot in Leng Xia in winter and the temperature difference is great. The annual average temperature in Switzerland is 8.6℃, and the annual rainfall is1000 ~ 2000mm.
Population: Switzerland is rich in rock salt, but very little in oil, natural gas and gold. Forests account for 25%. The social population density is relatively high, with an average of 0/62 people per square kilometer/kloc. Swiss plateau is the most densely populated area. Four fifths of the country's population is concentrated here. There are more than 250 people per square kilometer on average. The population of Alps is only 1/8 of plateau. The urban population accounts for about 6 1% of the total population. The birth rate dropped from 18. 1‰ in 1950 to 12‰ in 1990, and the natural population growth rate was 3‰. In recent years, the number of foreigners in Switzerland has increased. Italians are the most, followed by Spain, Germany, France, Austria and so on.
Ethnic group: Switzerland can be divided into four ethnic groups: German Swiss, with a total population of more than 7 million. It accounts for 62.8% of the national population, French Swiss account for 16.9%, Italian Swiss account for 3.4% of the national population, and the Rodolma account for less than 1% of the national population. The official languages of Switzerland are German, French and Italian. The capital is Bern.
Economy: Switzerland is one of the richest countries in the world. Its per capita national income is more than $40,000 per year. In addition to the world-famous watch industry, its finance, pharmacy and tourism are also very developed. Swiss people are friendly and enthusiastic, although sometimes a little conservative. Cleaning and order must be done every day. In our town, life is very safe. We have an independent spirit, respect tradition and like at least four languages and dozens of dialects. All this is reflected in the attractive folk customs of Switzerland and deeply rooted in the national history. The colorful market reflects the Swiss city life customs. The division of seasons is marked by traditional festivals and large-scale activities. Some of them celebrate the end of the cold winter, while others celebrate the harvest of grapes.
Cities: The main cities in Switzerland are: Geneva, Zurich, Lausanne, Bern, Basel, Sion, etc. Known as "the country of gardens" by people all over the world, it attracts a large number of tourists and many people who study abroad every year.
World Garden-Singapore
General situation of Singapore
Singapore, a garden city country, is located at the southernmost tip of Malay Peninsula. It is adjacent to Malaysia by the Johor Strait in the north and faces Nishi in India by the Singapore Strait in the south. Located at the entrance of Malacca Strait, it is the main route between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean.
According to legend, in ancient times, Prince Uzhuima, a descendant of Alexander the Great, was sailing on the island and was blown to an island by strong winds. After he went to the island, the prince met a monster with red body and black hair. The entourage told the prince that it was a lion, so the prince named the unknown nickname island "Singapore", which means "Lion City". The name has continued to this day, and the image of the lion has become a symbol of the island.
Singapore is an island country with a total area of more than 600 kilometers. There are more than 50 islands and reefs, of which Singapore Island is the largest, accounting for about 9 1.6% of the country's total area. Singapore is almost a country without rural areas, and the urban area accounts for the vast majority. At the same time, because the climate here is extremely warm and humid, and Singaporeans attach great importance to urban construction, the territory is lush, clean and beautiful, so Singapore is called "garden city country".
Singapore is famous not only for its cleanliness and beauty, but also for its colorful tourist attractions. Jurong Tourist Area, Tiger Leopard Villa and Sentosa Island are all good places to go. In addition, you can experience the unique traditions and customs of all ethnic groups by visiting Chinatown, Little India District, Ala Street and Aboriginal Square.
Shopping is also one of the important items of traveling to Singapore. Here is a collection of fine products from all over the world, dazzling and beautiful. Among them, antiques, batik printing and various ethnic handicrafts are worth buying.
Main attractions: Merlion Park, Red Light Pier, Emerald Villa, Rain Garden, Xinghe Garden, Jurong Bird Park, Jurong Crocodile Paradise, Singapore Zoo and Night Wildlife Park.
Tang Cheng, Little India, Ala Street, Sentosa Island and so on.
Travel memo
Time: 8 hours earlier than GMT, the same as Beijing time.
Climate: It is close to the equator and belongs to a tropical maritime climate. It is hot and rainy all year round, with little temperature difference. There is a lot of rain from September to the following year: 65438+ 10.
Transportation: Singapore is a world-famous port and air transit station, with developed aviation and sea transportation. There are fan-shaped highway trunk lines on the island and subways in the city.
Language: English, Chinese, Malay and Tamil are the official languages, and most Singaporeans know English and Chinese.
Currency: Singapore dollar (S $) with face value of 1 yuan, 2 yuan, 10 yuan, 20 yuan, 50 yuan, 100 yuan, 500 yuan, 1000 yuan, etc. There are coins such as 1 minute, 5 cents and 10 cents. There are many money exchange offices besides banks, but be careful not to exchange money on the black market.
Shopping: Orchard Road and its vicinity are modern shopping centers, and Little India, Ala Street and holland street are the best places to buy handicrafts.
Diet: Tap water can be drunk directly without boiling. Flavor foods include Chinese bak Kut teh, Hainan chicken rice, Malay beef satay, Indian pancakes, mutton soup and so on. Food stalls should feature eating and drinking. Hill Street, Kapetz Road, Chinatown and Newton City are famous food streets.
Others: Singapore is very clean. Visitors must always keep the environment clean. No littering, no spitting, crossing the road by zebra crossing, subway and overpass, or you will be severely punished.
Sentosa
Sentosa Island is a beautiful island in the southern waters of Singapore, covering an area of about 3 kilometers. 1970 used to be a British base, and now it is the largest tourist attraction in Singapore.
Sentosa Island is connected with the mainland of Singapore by a causeway bridge. Visitors can take cable cars, cruise ships and cars, which is convenient for 10 kilometers. The island is full of flowers and plants, and the environment is very beautiful. At the same time, due to the island's beautiful beaches, numerous exhibition halls and various entertainment facilities, tourists are in an endless stream.
The main tourist attractions are: Singapore Wax Museum, Kistler Museum, maritime museum, Underwater World, Butterfly Insect Museum, Coral Museum, Music Fountain, etc. Among them, the famous Coral Pavilion is a masterpiece that draws on local materials and shows the characteristics of the island. It is made of stone, next to the hillside and cliff. Entering a museum is like entering a cave. The cylindrical coral tower on the ground outside the museum is inlaid with thousands of corals, as if the whole tower is made of coral rice, which is amazing.
Sentosa Island is divided into three parts, history, nature and sunshine. The wax museum in the historical world is quite attractive, and the ancient coastal defense artillery array can also be visited. Sunshine World is amazed by its proud white sand beaches. Shangri-La Hotel also has other pavilions here, which are designed like some hotels that can only be seen in Guam. Almost every room has a terrace for you to bask in the sun, and there are several VIP rooms on each floor. Of course the terrace is lovely.
In nature, you can visit the Butterfly Pavilion. The finale of Sentosa Island is also in nature, that is, the newly opened underwater world.
Underwater world, as its name implies, is an aquarium, where people can walk on the seabed and enjoy all kinds of underwater creatures. Tickets are very expensive, each coin 10 yuan. Entering the underwater world is like going down the stairs in the basement. You can see many biological tanks along the way, which are very large and full of creatures, similar to natural scenes. At the bottom of the underwater world, there is an electric moving sidewalk. As long as you stand on the sidewalk, you can cross the ocean world, big and small. There are all kinds of fish on both sides and overhead, including tiny tropical fish, big sea eels and sharks. Visitors can see diving without feeding fish to swim in the water, which is very interesting. It takes about 40 minutes to roam the underwater world, which will open the eyes of tourists. There is a monorail tram on the island as a means of transportation, and it takes 45 minutes to go around the island.