At present, there are many kinds of tire patterns, and people are used to dividing them into three categories: general, off-road and combined. Their geometric shapes can be divided into five types: vertical straight line, horizontal straight line, diagonal line, block and mixed type.
General mode, also called highway mode, is the earliest and most common one. Universal mode is suitable for use on hard roads. It is divided into horizontal mode, vertical mode and mixed mode.
Transverse pattern: This pattern is characterized by transverse continuous tread and longitudinal broken tread, so the lateral stiffness of tread is large and the longitudinal stiffness is small. Therefore, the anti-skid ability of the tire is strong in the longitudinal direction and weak in the transverse direction, and the car is easy to slip when turning at high speed; Tire rolling resistance is also relatively large, and tread wear is relatively serious. This model is suitable for medium or heavy trucks with large traction on general hard roads.
Longitudinal tread pattern: The same feature of this tread pattern is that the tread is continuous in the longitudinal direction and discontinuous in the transverse direction, so the longitudinal stiffness of the tread is large, the lateral stiffness is small, the lateral skid resistance of the tire is strong, and the longitudinal skid resistance is weak. This kind of tread tire has small rolling resistance and good heat dissipation performance, but the tread groove is easily embedded in gravel. Generally speaking, this pattern is suitable for driving on relatively clean and good hard roads (such as urban roads and expressways). For example, cars and minivans all choose this tread pattern.
Vertical and horizontal mixed mode: This mode is between vertical and horizontal modes. There are generally zigzag longitudinal patterns in the middle of the tread, and transverse patterns are designed on both sides near the shoulder. In this way, the longitudinal and transverse skid resistance of the tread is better. Therefore, the tire with this pattern has strong adaptability and wide application range. It is suitable for different hard roads and cars and trucks.
Cross-country pattern is a kind of pattern specially designed for vehicles driving in wilderness and soft soil. Its * * * characteristics are deep groove width and small grounding area of the pattern block. When driving on the soft road, some soil will be embedded in the groove. Only by cutting the soil embedded in the groove can the tire slip. Due to the large cross-country pattern blocks and wide and deep mud-gnawing grooves, it is not easy to catch stones, hide soil and slip when driving, so it is especially suitable for tractors and tractors with high requirements on traction and grip.
However, due to the large contact pressure and rolling resistance of off-road blocks, it is not suitable for long-term driving on good hard roads. Otherwise, tire wear will be aggravated, fuel consumption will be increased, and vehicle vibration will be severe.
Combination mode is a transitional mode between normal mode and off-road mode. It is characterized in that the middle part of the tread has narrow grooves in different directions or mainly along the longitudinal direction, and the two sides have wide grooves in different directions or mainly along the transverse direction. This mode collocation makes the mixed mode have good comprehensive performance and strong adaptability. It is not only suitable for good hard pavement, but also suitable for gravel pavement, semi-slip pavement and soft pavement. Its adhesion is better than ordinary patterns, but its wear resistance is slightly worse. At present, some trucks and four-wheel drive passenger cars mostly use this form of tread tires.
Knowing the mystery of tire tread patterns, we can use this knowledge in many ways. For example, we can easily see which function the tire prefers by the pattern on the tire surface or the shape of the rubber block: if the rubber block with tread pattern is large, then this tire should focus on grip; If there are many, small and many grooves, it is necessary to focus on drainage; If the rubber block patterns on both sides of the center line are properly misplaced, it will help to reduce noise.
This answer is for reference only.