First, a trickle of rivers and seas-pay attention to the accumulation of "classic poetry"
Without the accumulation of every small step, a person can't walk a thousand miles. A journey of a thousand miles begins with the accumulation of the last two steps, and so does the study of "classical poetry". Practical application needs long-term accumulation as a guarantee, and students can write good compositions. We should start with the accumulation of "classic poems" and take the first step slowly and steadily.
Poetry reading
Su Shi said, "I am covered in poetry books." As a teacher, we should create conditions for students to recite a certain number of "classic poems" after learning the text, increase students' language accumulation and improve their oral and written expression ability. The so-called "reading thousands of books, writing like a god" is the truth.
When can students recite poems and songs, which can make effective use of time and will not increase students' academic burden? My usual practice is to set aside five minutes every morning to recommend a good poem (article) for my classmates to read, and write it neatly a few minutes before class at noon. It is not a problem for students with a good foundation to recite a poem a day to encourage them to recite more, but it is not a problem for students with poor memory, so I decide to recite a poem a week (article)
As for what classic poems to choose, we can expand students' knowledge on the basis of text learning and combining with the text. For example, Mr. Lu Xun, a great writer in China, wrote in the fifth group of the sixth grade book, so this week's Zhou Shi (Wen) can read the poems written by Lu Xun, which not only learns the text, but also enriches the tall image of Lu Xun, killing two birds with one stone. According to the students' learning situation, junior students and middle and senior students can recommend Sanzi Jing, Hundred Family Names, Disciple Rules, Thousand-character Works and Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties respectively. For junior and senior high school students, the teacher recommends some classic poems, which describe the poems that change with the seasons according to famous sentences of different dynasties, as long as they are rich in content; Or students recommend, talk about the reasons for recommendation, teachers' comments, choose favorite poems to accumulate according to students' preferences, and be close to their lives, so that "classic poems" can approach their hearts.
(B) Poetry classification
China has too many "classic poems". For students, this kind of mechanical recitation cannot form a system. As Chinese teachers, we can help students to sort out and classify, so that students can have a clear understanding of "classic poems" and lay a foundation for their application.
First, read aloud in combination with the text. For example, when teaching "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night", ask students to recall poems about "Rain" and review them together. This can not only play the role of review, but also sort out the "classic poems" I have learned, which is also killing two birds with one stone.
Secondly, combined with reading other textbooks, as a Chinese teacher, we should not only stay in the poetry textbooks in the text, but also use our eyes to explore the textbooks and integrate them. For example, in Memories of Sixteen Years ago, we saw the unyielding Li Dazhao. We can use integrity to comment on poetry, for example, Li Qingzhao's sentence: "Live as a hero, die as a ghost." Wen Tianxiang's poem: "Since ancient times, there has been no death or life, keeping the heart of Dan and following the history of history."
(3) Poetry game
Reading "classic poems" repeatedly is sometimes a very boring thing. It is a good idea to review boring "classic poems" frequently and let students "enjoy" consolidation and games. In order to reduce the difficulty and let all the staff participate, teachers must also participate and accept the challenges of students, as long as they can pick up any word in the previous poem as the beginning. You can also challenge each other in groups. For the winners and winners, awards will be set, and students are more interested in I am the king of reading, I am a reciter and Little Tibetan Poet.
Poetry and loneliness seem to be a game, which stimulates students' interest and is a driving force for students to accumulate poetry and prose in some form. Invisibly let students consolidate the classic poems, and have a feeling of handy accumulation.
No matter what form you use to accumulate "classic poems", it is important to persevere, one step at a time. Only when students accumulate over time can their Chinese ability be improved invisibly.
Second, the necessary step is practice-strengthening the cohesion and internalization of "classical poetry"
Students have accumulated a large number of "classic poems" through different forms, and practice is an essential platform to awaken students. If a large number of poems are accumulated and precipitated and cannot be displayed, then accumulation and application are only a division and cannot be integrated. It is necessary to create conditions to provide students with an atmosphere of expression and a ladder of convergence, so that the accumulated poems can be effectively consolidated.
(A) fill in the blanks with poetry
The simplest exercise in the application of "classic poetry" is that the teacher gives a context for students to search in the accumulated classic poetry library and find out the appropriate sentences to fill in the context. Of course, this answer can be unique or multiple, and an open answer is helpful to arouse students' enthusiasm and interest.
Exercise: Liu Wei plays all day, doesn't study hard and doesn't do his homework. As a friend, you will convince him with a poem ().
This answer is not unique. It can be "an inch of time is worth an inch of gold, but it is hard to buy an inch of time with an inch of gold", it can be "teenagers don't work hard, and old people are sad", or it can be "black hair doesn't know how to learn early, but it's too late to learn". This practice is not only to make students use the accumulated "classic poems" flexibly, but also to sort out and classify the poems with the theme of "cherishing time".
(2) Interesting adaptation
Fill-in-the-blank of classic poetry is an exercise of quoting directly from classics, and the interest adaptation of classic poetry is an exercise of poetry culture. The second volume of Grade 6 reviews and expands the interesting Chinese in Grade 2, providing students with good practice content. Interesting punctuation, the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu's "Tomb-Sweeping Day" was rewritten into a poem and a lower case. Such a "classic poem" was rewritten, giving students a refreshing feeling. This is an interest, which provides a good training point for students to use poetry in writing through practice. Students can change it into three-character poems, four-character poems, five-character quatrains and six-character poems, but such exercises must be based on the original intention of the poem. Teachers should stipulate some patterns for students to practice, and students should not talk nonsense. Ask students to rewrite "classical poems" by writing landscape poems and narrative poems, such as Xugong Hall in Suxin City and Liangzhou Ci.
(3) Poetry creation
If it is not difficult for students to fill in the blanks and adapt "classic poems", it is even more challenging to find a suitable training point for students to write a paragraph, which also gives students room to play.
For example, a few months before graduation, students have begun to write alumni records to each other. Students who have been together for six years will part ways in a few months. Why not let students write a poetic farewell speech with some "classic poems" as the theme of "parting"?
Student's words: Six years slipped away quietly. Someone stole them. Who is it and where is it hidden? Can we get back our happy time? All good things must come to an end. Although we are going to part, I will definitely remember that "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as my classmates". We will be good friends for life. No matter where we are in the future, I hope we can "However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven will remain our neighbor".
Usually study together, play together and have fun together. In the face of parting, students really have a lot to say. With such a real emotional experience, they will have the desire to express themselves. Moreover, students have accumulated a lot of poems about "friendship" and "separation" at ordinary times. You can express your reluctance and deep friendship by quoting poems from this gift.
"Curriculum Standard" points out: "Writing should be close to students' reality, so that students can write easily and be willing to express themselves, and guide students to pay attention to reality, love life, be positive and express their true feelings. In order to make students get effective training, students should be willing to express, express freely and be affirmed. However, it is necessary to guide students to understand that quoting classic poems can enhance the language charm of the article, but not as much as possible, but should be quoted appropriately according to the needs of the content of the article.
Third, never know this and practice it-realize the independent use of "classic poetry"
"Chinese Curriculum Standard" also requires students' writing ability to "try to use their usual accumulated language materials for writing". Students' ability to use language in peacetime needs to be tested by writing. Students see a scene and a thing around them, which can be expressed through poems that have been brewing for a long time. This is the real purpose of accumulating "classic poems". Making good use of the rich and colorful composition library of "classic poems" and properly using the "classic poems" that have been tempered for thousands of years and are still dazzling will definitely make the article brilliant.
So, where are these "classic poems" used? Without the teacher's guidance, students can't start.
(1) Taking poetry as the topic.
The language of ancient poetry is concise, concise and far-reaching, and often a word, a word and a sentence leave endless aftertaste. The so-called "its name is small but its meaning is big, and its example is far-reaching." If we can properly use ancient poetry to point out the topic, we can clearly point out the theme.
At the beginning of the semester, what kind of theme is used in each section? The original study park and book corner are more common. How to make the theme novel, the students came to make suggestions, Xiao He only exposed the sharp corner and kept the garden, and Shushan changed the corner of the book into a road suit. Taking "classic poetry" as the theme, it activates the written expression, highlights the class personality, and adds a bit of poetry to the classroom.
"Classic Poetry" can be used as a title, giving people a refreshing feeling; "Classic poetry" can be used at the beginning of an article with sound; "Classic poetry" can also be used at the end, which means induction and deepening. These usages are similar to the topic. What teachers should do is to guide students to use appropriate poems.
(B) to describe the artistic conception with poetry
The language of poetry is very concise, and often a poem is a picture, which contains a kind of affection. Borrowing poetry into the text can not only add poetry to the work, but also give people a beautiful enjoyment.
Students wrote in Moonlit Night: On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon is like a silver pearl embedded in the quiet sky. I walked along the winding path, listening to the stream flowing and watching the moon run away with a smile. It's really moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream. I was intoxicated by the charming moonlight.
Students skillfully apply "classical poetry" to writing, express their thoughts, and create the artistic conception of poetry with poetic language, so that the scenery in the composition is suddenly colorful and the writing is fresh, showing the students' cultural heritage.
lyrics
The center is the soul of the article, and emotion is the blood of the article. Only when the "heart" is clear can the "eyes" be bright and the true feelings be moving. Flexible use of "classical poetry" can not only reveal the center of the article skillfully, but also express one's feelings appropriately.
The composition in Unit 4, Volume 2, Grade 5 requires students to write something that moves you on the basis of oral communication. What students communicate most is their mother's love for themselves. A student wrote at the end of his composition: My mother took care of me when I was sick, comforted me when I was sad, and helped me when I was in trouble. But every time I see your rough hands and red eyes, my heart is always sour and inexplicable tears are spinning in my eyes. It really is, but how much love an inch of grass has, and what it returns is three rays of spring.
The phrase "but how much love there is in every inch of grass, and how much it returns to the third spring" eulogizes the greatest maternal love in the world. What kind of words can better express this emotion that students want to express than this poem? Making good use of poetry enriches the emotion of the article and is more infectious.
(4) Metaphoring people with poems
Metaphoring people with things is a common writing technique used by ancient poets. If students are guided to skillfully apply classical poetry to practice, they will certainly be able to write a good article.
The math teacher in the class is about to retire. The students wrote in their compositions: The math teacher who has been together for six years is about to retire. Seeing her silver hair, I can't help but think of the poem of the Tang Dynasty poet: "Spring silkworms die, and the night candle tears." Yes, this is exactly the portrayal of the teacher. She devoted all her youth to the cause of education, worked hard in ordinary posts, paid a lot of painstaking efforts and trained many students.
There are many such metaphors, such as "Xiao He only shows sharp corners, and there are dragonflies standing on his head" and "sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently", which can all be used to describe characters. Students skillfully use ancient poems to compare people around them, which plays the role of making the finishing point.
(5) Reasoning with poetry
In composition teaching, guiding students to use narrative reasoning of ancient poems can make your point of view find a strong backing and play a role of "adding wings to a tiger".
In moral class, when it comes to the word victory, why is it represented by "V"? I spelled this English word casually, which is the first letter of the English word. A student asked, "Teacher, you teach Chinese. How can you remember English words so clearly? " I smiled and said that I could ask the students who are good at English in my class. Do you have any tips for remembering words? "The representative of the English class in the class said," Memorize by mouth, but only by heart, and stay in Sri Lanka at night. This is a good way to read and recite. You see, a little thing, with one or two ancient poems, is concise and just right.
As a teacher, it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. Every time the usage is taught to students, they will stick to it for a long time. With the accumulation of "classic poems" and the infiltration of teachers, students can learn to use them independently without knowing it.
Inheriting China's excellent culture for 5,000 years, carrying forward the great national spirit of the Chinese nation and improving students' Chinese literacy and moral cultivation are the basic requirements of the new curriculum standards for Chinese teaching. As a Chinese teacher, from the perspective of Chinese, we should not teach ancient poems in textbooks. From "in-class classics" to "out-of-class classics", from accumulation to application, teachers should guide students step by step like "wands", so that students can knock on the door of China traditional culture and grow up under the influence of traditional culture.