Species and varieties of Liriodendron dwarf, small and dense plant shape. Theme shrub flowering (fruiting) period11-65438+February origin China is also called umbrella tree. A tropical evergreen shrub or tree of Araliaceae, which can resist weak light conditions and is widely cultivated as an indoor foliage plant. Liriodendron plants in Schaeffler, such as S. digitata, can be as high as 7.5 meters (25 feet); Octopus originated in Asia and is 7.5 meters high. The most common is the Australian umbrella tree (S. actinophylla or Brassaia actinophylla), which is12m high. It is widely planted as a landscape tree in Hawaii and other warm areas, and it is also one of the most popular indoor plants in the world. B. arboricola is short and has small leaves.
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Yellow-green Liriodendron leaves are yellow-green. Chinese tulip tree
Liriodendron has large leaves with yellow spots. Liriodendron, evergreen shrub. Leaflets 7-9, oblong, entire. Produced in Hainan, Taiwan Province and Guangxi. Liriodendron radiata, evergreen tree. Palmately compound leaves with 5-8 leaflets, shiny and obvious veins. Produced in Australia. Liriodendron breviflora, shrub. Leaflets 5 ~ 1 1 piece, tip and tail tip, sometimes sickle-shaped. Produced in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei. Liriodendron Taiwan Province, a small evergreen tree. Palmate leaves, 4-7 leaflets, apex and tail tip, entire, petiole. Liriodendron australis
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Originated in China's Nanyang Islands, Guangdong, Fujian and other subtropical rainforests, it is also distributed in Japan, Vietnam and India. Now it is widely planted all over the world. I like warm, humid and semi-sunny environment. Should be born in acidic soil with deep and fertile soil, slightly barren.
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Chinese tulip tree
Evergreen trees or shrubs, the plant height varies from 30 to 80 cm under cultivation conditions, and can reach 40 meters in the country of origin. Many branches, dense branches. Palmately compound leaves, 5-9 leaflets, ovoid, ovoid, 9- 17 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, long tip, leathery, dark green and shiny leaves. Flowers are small, mostly white and fragrant, and bloom in winter and spring; Berries are spherical, and the fruiting period is from February 65438 to June 65438 10. The plant is plump and beautiful, and has strong adaptability. It is an excellent potted plant. Suitable for living room, study and bedroom. In the shade of the courtyard and on the balcony of the building, you can also see spring, summer and autumn. It can also be planted alone in the courtyard, which is a nectar source plant in South China in winter. Leaves and bark can be used as medicine.
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Chinese tulip tree
Liriodendron enjoys semi-shade, and can be watched for a long time in a bright and ventilated home. If you have about 4 hours of direct light indoors every day, you can grow well. Varieties with yellow and white stripes, such as weak light or biased application of nitrogen fertilizer, will blur their stripes and lose their original characteristics. The optimum growth temperature is 15 ~ 25℃, and the lowest temperature in winter should not be lower than 5℃, otherwise the leaves will fall off. New leaves will grow next spring. It grows well in the environment with high air humidity and sufficient soil moisture, but it has strong adaptability to the dry climate in the north. Pay attention to the pot soil can not be short of water, otherwise it will cause a large number of leaves to fall off. Water should be properly controlled under low temperature conditions in winter. Liquid fertilizer should be applied every 1 ~ 2 weeks in the growing season. Change the basin once a year in spring, and pay attention to drainage if using plastic containers. Potted soil is made of peat soil, humus soil, perlite and a small amount of base fertilizer. You can also use potted plants with fine sand. Liriodendron grows slowly and shoots easily, so it needs to be pruned frequently. When the old plants are too big for indoor cultivation, they can be pruned again by changing pots, removing most branches, cutting off some roots and re-potted.
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Sowing and cutting propagation. Sow in spring, keep the soil moist, and sprout at 20-25℃ for 2-3 weeks. When the seedlings grow to 5 ~ 7 cm high, transplant them once and plant them the next year. Cuttings are also carried out in spring. Cut off the annual branches by 8 ~ 10 cm and remove the lower leaves. The cuttings were planted on the bed soil made of river sand or vermiculite, kept warm and moist, and took root at 25℃ for 4 ~ 6 weeks. Chinese tulip tree
Family reproduction
Matrix propagation and rapid propagation of Liriodendron chinense. The cutting time should be from spring to early summer, and the general room temperature is 65438 05℃ at night and about 25℃ during the day, which is the most suitable growth temperature for Liriodendron chinense after cutting. Selection of cuttings: cut 6~8 cm annual branches from the mother plant that has been growing for several years, or use the cut branches as cutting materials and re-cut in spring by changing pots. Remove the leaves and plant them in a plastic flowerpot with a diameter of 15 ~ 20cm, with a tray at the bottom to receive exudate. Plant 3 plants or 1 plant in each pot, and it can take root about 1 month and a half after cutting. After cutting, water it often and keep it moist. After insertion, put it in indoor weak light, strengthen fertilizer and water management, and pour nutrient solution after rooting. The basin should be replenished with 1 time every week, and the liquid should be replenished with 100 ml each time. Note: Do not replenish water on the day of rehydration, so as not to affect the concentration of nutrient solution. For pot cutting propagation, take a 6-8 inch flowerpot, block the hole at the bottom with pebbles, and put perlite or screened river sand in the middle. Pot edge with low rock surface or low sand surface, height 1 cm. If perlite is used to put the pot, it is best to press a layer of river sand on it (to increase the density). At this time, the cuttings of 10 cm- 12 cm were cut from the adult Liriodendron. Insert 2/3 cuttings into sand or perlite, 3-4 cuttings per pot, and then pour water into it. Put the flowerpot into a plastic basin or other container filled with water, and the water level in the container should always be higher than 1/2 of the cuttings basin. Then put it on a cutting pot with a large transparent plastic cover in the bright place of scattered light, and keep the temperature at 15℃-25℃. At this time, Liriodendron seedlings can be transplanted into 6-8 inch pots, and the pot soil should be filled with fertile nutrient soil with carefully screened high-quality agricultural fertilizers, humus soil and fine sand according to the ratio of 3: 2: 1. After planting, water it, put it in a semi-cool place for 7 days, and then move it to a bright place for management. Take a big empty bottle of Coca-Cola or tall glass jar, rinse it, and fill it with clean water (tap water). Fix the Liriodendron cuttings and insert them into the bottle (the bottom of the cuttings is from the bottom of the bottle 1 cm). 2-3 sticks can be inserted into each bottle. Cover with a transparent plastic bag and place in 15℃-25℃.
General propagation and cultivation management
Propagation methods: sowing and cutting propagation, but cutting is the main method. Chinese tulip tree
After 5438+ 10 in June, black spherical berries were harvested, mixed with fine sand, kneaded to remove the peel and pulp, and then rinsed with clear water to remove the hollow seeds, so that clean and full seeds could be obtained. It is feasible to sow with the harvest, or to accelerate germination in sand first, and then sow in pots or fields after the cracks of seeds are exposed. Pot planting with humus soil or sandy soil, the covering depth is about 1 ~ 2 times the seed diameter. The optimum temperature for seed germination is 20-25℃, and the potted soil or seedbed should be kept moist. Under suitable temperature conditions, the seeds can germinate in about 15 to 20 days, and can be unearthed in a week after germination. Looks good. After the emergence of seedlings, it is necessary to set up a shed for shade in time, give enough sunshine in autumn, and cover with plastic film for cold protection in winter. As long as the ambient temperature in the local space of the seedbed is not lower than 5℃, it can generally overwinter safely. Leave the bed for one year, then transplant it from a distance, or use it directly in a pot. It is worth noting that: because its seedlings can't keep their parents' excellent characters such as macula, horticultural varieties with macula can't be raised by sowing, but only by cutting, layering and dividing plants. It is suitable for cutting propagation from March to September every year. Liriodendron is easy to sprout long branches, and cutting can be combined with changing pots and pruning in spring. Cut off shoots or branches 8 ~ 10 cm long, remove the lower leaves and plant them on seedbeds made of river sand or vermiculite. Cover with plastic film, keep the air humidity high, and keep it in a cool place. When the temperature is 25℃, it can take root and be potted for 4-6 weeks. Cultivation management: Potted soil can be mixed with peat soil, humus soil, perlite about 1/3 and a small amount of base fertilizer, or potted with fine sand. Indoor cultivation can grow well if you can see about 4 hours of direct sunlight every day, and you can watch it for a long time in a bright room. The amount of water varies from season to season, and more water is needed in summer. Water once a day to keep the soil moist, and water once every 3 ~ 4 days in spring and autumn. If there is too much water or waterlogging, it is easy to cause root rot. Fertilize once a week during the summer growth period, and loosen the soil with the same amount of granular fertilizer as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium before applying it. For varieties with patched leaves, if the nitrogen fertilizer is less and the nitrogen fertilizer is too much, the patch will fade and turn green. Liriodendron grows slowly and tends to grow branches. Usually pay attention to regular shaping and pruning. Every spring, before new buds sprout, flowerpots should be replaced, some old soil should be removed and potted with new soil. When perennial plants are too big for indoor cultivation, they can be pruned by changing pots. There are several reasons why the seeds in Liriodendron chinense fruit are not full or can't be seen: First, the flowers and trees have been cultivated for the first 1 ~ 3 years, because they have not reached full reproductive maturity, most of the seeds are empty and shriveled, so there are no seeds; Under normal circumstances, the seeds produced after 3 years can be used for seedling raising normally. Second, in the process of embryo development after pollen fertilization, it encounters inappropriate environmental conditions, or the gap with the original environmental conditions is too large, which stops the development of embryo plants and leads to empty seeds. Third, it is better to have more flowering plants. Different varieties of flowering plants are put together to create conditions for the free spread of their pollen, which is conducive to the birth of full seeds.
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Liriodendron chinense, also known as Buxus macrophylla, is an evergreen tree of Araliaceae, with palmately divided leaves and 5-8 leaflets. Its leather luster and green and white flowers turn red and fragrant. Also widely cultivated is its variety Liriodendron mosaic, with irregular yellow and white patches on its leaves, which has high ornamental value. There are about 150 species of Liriodendron. This variety is native to Australia, and there are many flower farmers who cultivate it at present. This kind of plant likes warm and humid environment, avoids the scorching sun and is more resistant to shade. It is most suitable to give bright scattered light when planting, and it is suitable for planting in fertile and deep soil with good ventilation. Liriodendron is natural and easy to cultivate. Larger plants should be turned over and trimmed properly before leaving the house in spring. For plants that are too high to fall off their feet, they can be trimmed back to promote the germination of new buds. Put it in a semi-shady place after leaving the house. In summer, we should pay attention to shading the sun in time and don't let the hot sun shine directly. To keep the soil moist, water it in time before it dries out, and then spray it on plants when the weather is dry. During the rainy season, water should be prevented from accumulating in the basin. During May-September, 20% cake fertilizer was applied twice a month. For mosaic varieties, if there is more nitrogen fertilizer and weak light, the plaque on the leaves is not obvious. In addition, if Liriodendron chinense is kept indoors for a long time, if the ventilation is poor or the light is too dim, the leaves will fall off, which deserves the attention of budders. 1 1 10 should be stored in a cold room at the beginning of October, and the temperature should not be lower than 5℃, otherwise it will cause defoliation. The soil should be slightly moist and the environment should not be too dry. If Liriodendron chinense needs to breed in large quantities, sowing method can be used; A small amount can be divided into plants or cut. Cutting is best carried out in May-July. Green branches with 2-3 knots are cut and inserted into vermiculite, which can take root in about 30 days.
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Eliminate pests and diseases
It is mainly harmful to leaf spot and anthracnose, and can be sprayed with 10% antibacterial agent 40 1 acetic acid solution 1000 times. The pests are mainly scale insects, spraying 40% omethoate EC 1000 times. In addition, 3000 times of 10% permethrin EC can be used to spray red spider, thrips and liriomyza sativae.
Postpartum treatment
Liriodendron is spring-like all the year round, with plump and beautiful plants and easy management. Potted plants decorate the guest room, study and bedroom, which has a strong flavor of the times. Large potted plants are suitable for hotel lobby, library reading room and museum exhibition hall, presenting a natural and harmonious green environment. Liriodendron is highly sensitive to ethylene, and it is easy to defoliate during storage and transportation. In order to prevent Liriodendron from being damaged by ethylene during storage and transportation, 0.4 ~ 0.5 mmol/L silver thiosulfate solution can be sprayed 2 ~ 3 weeks before transportation to inhibit the production of ethylene in potted Liriodendron. The temperature of the transport container is 10 ~ 13℃, and the relative humidity is 80% ~ 90%, which can endure the darkness of 16 ~ 30 days.
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The bark of Liriodendron Liriodendron Duck's Foot (Lingnan Herbs Collection Record) is synonymous with Xijiapii (Luchuan Herbal Medicine) and Duck's Foot (Lingnan Herbal Medicine Record). The source is the root bark and bark of Liriodendron chinense of Araliaceae. The dried bark of medicinal materials is rectangular and flaky, slightly bent inward, with a length of 3-5.5cm, a width of 2.5cm-3.5cm and a thickness of 0.2cm-0.3cm. The outside is dark, with inconspicuous transverse lenticels, and the inside is grayish brown and smooth. The texture is loose, the cork falls off easily, and sometimes endothelial fragments can be seen. The section is strongly fibrous and can be peeled off layer by layer. The breath is slightly fragrant. Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. Chemical components include phenols, amino acids and organic acids. It tastes bitter and cold. ① Essentials of raw herbs: Root bark: astringent in taste and flat in nature. ② Collection of Lingnan Herbs: It tastes bitter. ③ Manual of Common Chinese Herbal Medicines in Guangzhou Army: Bitter and Cold. Indications-the efficacy of duck's foot bark ① "raw medicinal materials": root bark: cure wine disease, wash rotten feet, apply falls and injuries, steam for nine times, soak in wine and dispel wind. ② "Lingnan Collection of Medicines": Treating macula and decocting. ③ Luchuan materia medica: refuting bones to stop bleeding, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Treat rheumatic bone pain, traumatic fracture, traumatic swelling and pain, and knife wound bleeding. ④ Annals of Lingnan Materia Medica: eliminating dampness, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, and clearing away dampness and depression of gastrointestinal wine. ⑤ Manual of Chinese herbal medicines commonly used in Guangzhou army: sweating and relieving exterior syndrome, expelling wind and removing dampness. It can be used for treating influenza fever, sore throat, rheumatic bone pain and traumatic blood stasis. ⑥ Guangxi Chinese herbal medicine: promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and clearing heat. Treat rheumatism, falls and burns. Oral administration and dosage: decocted, 3 ~ 5 yuan; Or soak in wine. External use: stir-fried with wine or boiled in water. Formula ① Bone-setting prescription: raw duck feet are six liang, raw plough leaves are four liang, raw banyan leaves are four liang, and a rooster is one. * * * Mash, stir-fry the affected area with double wine, remove the medicine for 24 hours, and stir-fry the affected area with wine. ("Luchuan Materia Medica") 2 Treatment of red and white dysentery: duck feet are peeled, washed, steamed, and decocted in water. ("Lingnan Materia Medica") 3 Treatment of rheumatic bone pain: duck feet and skin, soaking in wine. Take it twice a day, five yuan to one or two yuan each time. Guangxi Chinese herbal medicine.