According to the theory and teaching practice I have summarized from books for many years, and the harvest of watching classes for so many years, I think what kind of guidance mode to choose depends on the physiological and psychological characteristics of students and the characteristics of texts. No matter how to guide the classroom, our only purpose is to stimulate students' interest in knowledge and realize the optimization of classroom teaching. The guiding methods commonly used in primary school teaching are as follows.
1. dialogue import?
? This is the most common and commonly used way to guide classes. Generally speaking, teachers often use this method to get to know students when they meet them for the first time. This can shorten the distance between teachers and students. It is also beneficial for teachers to understand the learning situation. The learning situation here includes the students' mastery of the knowledge of the last class, the preview of the knowledge of this class, and whether the students' speeches are positive or not.
2. Introduction to riddles
Riddle guessing is a favorite activity of junior students. A riddle related to the teaching content can make students quickly enter a state of thinking, thus attracting their scattered attention to the classroom during recess. When we teach Thunderstorm, we can use riddles to introduce "a thousand lines, which can't be seen when you fall into the river." For another example, we can use riddles to introduce the lesson "Little Frog" in the second volume of Chinese Grade One. Example: Before the children go to class, let's guess a riddle. Please listen to "Little Green Hero, Catch Pests in the Field, Rest in Winter and Work Hard in Summer". The answer is an animal. Who knows what animal it is? You guessed it, it's a frog. Let's go to see the little frog in this class. Write on the blackboard.
3. Introduction of children's songs
? Children's songs are lively and catchy The children recited a lot of children's songs with the kindergarten teacher before going to school. We can also use children's songs to guide the class in class. For example, in the teaching of the second volume of the first-grade Chinese textbook, Happy Reading, students can recite the children's songs they know first, and then introduce the "Rocking the Boat" and "Little Hedgehog Hairdressing" to be learned in this class. This kind of guidance is more suitable for students in grade one and grade two of primary school.
4. Cartoon import
Cartoons are pupils' favorite. Bright colors, vivid images and pleasant music can successfully attract children's attention. When teaching "Xiangxiang", "Sima Guang" and other texts, you can use cartoons to lead in. Math class, science class and music class can all be guided by cartoons. For example, the lesson of "Possibility" in mathematics can be guided as follows: Show the cartoon "Waiting for Rabbits" to children, and after watching it, ask such a question: "What kind of results will farmers wait for when they pick up rabbits here every day?" Students express their opinions, and the teacher continues to ask "I can't wait" and "I may get it". Who is more likely to get it? How to judge? What is the basis? This is the focus of our attention.
5. Song import
? This guidance method can be used in both primary and secondary schools, and it is only necessary to choose suitable songs according to the age characteristics of different students and the theme content of different articles. Take children's poetry in the third grade of primary school Chinese as an example. When teaching me to stimulate children's rich imagination, I can choose imaginative songs like Planting the Sun. When teaching "childhood ink painting", you can play the song "Childhood" to guide children to find childhood happiness in memory.
6. Story import
Listening to stories is children's favorite. The child began to listen to stories almost from the time when he was in his mother's belly. Therefore, using this lead-in at the beginning of a class can also achieve the purpose of concentrating students' attention and stimulating their interest in learning. However, we should pay attention to the selection of stories, which should be related to the content of the text and not too long. At the same time, the storyteller must be eloquent in order to attract people.
7. Import pictures and stick figures
Everyone must have paid attention to the Chinese poetry conference. Do you remember the picture of Mr. Kang Zhen's painter guessing poems? We might as well use it in our own classroom. Not only art teachers can let students "guess what the teacher draws" while drawing. Can math teachers stimulate children's curiosity and interest in this way when teaching shapes and areas? The second-grade Chinese teacher can teach two fables, and the third-grade Chinese teacher can teach Sima Guang.
8. Game import
It is children's nature to like games. How can we let children play games and play a guiding role? We can use games to lead in when we "remember an activity" in the composition class. For example, organize children to blow balloons and grab chairs, so that children can observe everyone's movements, language and demeanor in the game.
(To be continued)