Division: Because the meridian indicates the north-south direction, it is also called the meridian. According to international regulations, the meridian passing through the original site of Greenwich Observatory in Britain is called 0 meridian, also called prime meridian. On the earth, the longitude line represents the north-south direction and the latitude line represents the east-west direction.
Lines are circles of different lengths. Because the meridian represents the north-south direction, it is also called the meridian. According to international regulations, the meridian passing through the original site of Greenwich Observatory in London, England is called 0 meridian, also called the prime meridian. Latitude indicates the east-west direction. 0 parallel, also known as equator.
The equator is the largest latitude circle. The longitude and latitude lines are drawn on globes and maps to determine the position and direction on the earth, but they are not drawn on the ground.
Meridian and meridian pass through two poles and are perpendicular to the equator, which is called meridian coil or meridian, also called meridian. Since all the meridians intersect at the north and south poles and are perpendicular to the latitude, any meridian represents the north-south direction on the earth.
The longitude of a point on the earth is the angle between the meridian plane where the point is located and the prime meridian plane. This included angle is equivalent to the angle of the equatorial arc between the two planes in the center of the earth. The east of the prime meridian is called east longitude, which is represented by "e"; The Western Classics is called the Western Classics and is represented by "W". The circumference of the earth is 360, so the east and west meridians are 180 respectively.
Extended data:
On the map, a longitude line and a latitude line perpendicular to the longitude line can be drawn through any point on the earth's surface. So you can draw countless warps and wefts. How can we distinguish these warp and weft? The best way is to give each latitude and longitude a name, which is latitude and longitude. Use longitude to indicate the name of each longitude, and latitude to indicate the name of each latitude.
East longitude is called east longitude from 0 meridian; The western classics are called the western classics. Because the earth is a sphere, the east and west longitudes are 180 respectively. East longitude 180 and west longitude 180 are on the same meridian, that is, longitude 180.
The equator is the circle with the longest latitude, which is called 0 parallel. The latitude measured from the equator to the north is called north latitude; The south is called the south latitude. South latitude and north latitude are 90 degrees respectively. The North Pole is 90 north latitude and the South Pole is 90 south latitude.
Because longitude connects the north and south poles, all the meridians are equal in length, indicating the north-south direction. The latitude represents both east and west directions. Warp and weft are perpendicular to each other and interwoven to form a warp and weft net. When looking at a map, we can use the latitude and longitude net to identify the direction, and we can also judge the latitude and longitude position of any point on the earth.
Meridians and latitudes can also divide the earth into several different hemispheres. Cut the earth along the equator like a watermelon, and the hemisphere north of the equator is called the northern hemisphere; The hemisphere south of the equator is called the southern hemisphere. If the earth is cut along the longitude of 20 west longitude and160 east longitude, the hemisphere from 20 west longitude to160 east longitude is called the eastern hemisphere; The western hemisphere is called the western hemisphere.
Across the country:
Equator: Gabon, Congo, Rwanda, Uganda, Kenya and Somalia; Indonesia, Nauru, Kiribati; Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil.
Tropic of Cancer: Mauritania, Mali, Algeria, Libya, Egypt; Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China; America, Mexico, Bahamas.
Tropic of Capricorn: Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar; Australia; Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil.
Arctic Circle: Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia; USA, Canada, Greenland (Denmark).
Antarctic Circle: No country.
Primitive meridian (0 degrees east longitude, also called zero meridian): Britain, France, Spain; Algeria, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana.
International international date line International (East longitude 180 degrees): Because there is a day difference between the east and west sides of this meridian, this meridian artificially avoids the country it should pass through for the convenience of date calculation, so it is not a straight line, but a broken line.
The significance of the relationship between the termination line and latitude;
(1) The ending line is tangent to the latitude line, that is, the latitude line is the transition line between the polar day (polar night) area and the non-polar day (polar night) area, that is, the latitude line with the lowest latitude value in the polar day (polar night) area;
(2) The separation of the termination line from the latitude indicates that the latitude is in extreme day or night, and the extreme day or night has appeared for a long time;
(3) The ending line intersects the latitude, indicating that the points on the latitude are both in the daytime and at night. In short, the latitude tangent to the mid-latitude of the terminal line is the edge of the polar day (polar night), the latitude between the terminal line and its tangent latitude intersects with the terminal line, and the latitude outside the terminal line and its tangent latitude is separated from the terminal line.
On the globe, the longitude and latitude lines form a latitude and longitude network; If the globe of the latitude and longitude network is unfolded, a plane map is formed. Positioning plays an important role in aviation, aerospace, navigation and meteorology. "How to rescue a ship in distress at sea" and so on, all need to use the latitude and longitude network map. Longitude: In order to distinguish every meridian on the earth, people mark longitude with degrees, which is longitude. The longitude is 1 time zone every 15 degrees.
In fact, longitude is the angle between two meridian planes. According to international regulations, the meridian passing through the original site of Greenwich Observatory in London, England is designated as 0 meridian, also called prime meridian. Starting from longitude 0, the east and west are divided into 180, the east of 180 belongs to east longitude, and it is customary to use "e" as the code name, and the west of 180 belongs to west longitude, and it is customary to use "w" as the code name.
East longitude 180 and west longitude 180 coincide on a longitude line, which is the east-west longitude 180. Latitude: "north latitude" (n) measured from the equator to the north; To the south, it is "south latitude" (S). When interpreting longitude on the map, we should pay attention to: from west to east, the degree of longitude is from small to large; From west to east, the longitude is from big to small, which is the west longitude; Except longitude 0 and longitude 180, all other meridians can accurately distinguish east longitude from west longitude.
References:
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