The first stage: about 600 BC to 400 BC, before Socrates. The starting point of ancient Greek philosophy is that Thales, the father of western philosophy, put forward that "water is the source of all things". People in ancient Greece began to get rid of the shackles of creationism and opened the door to rational thinking about the world.

The second stage: protagoras put forward that "man is the measure of all things" more than 400 BC, followed by the three most famous philosophers in ancient Greece: Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. The ideological feature of this period is to pay attention to human beings from the external nature.

The third stage: after Aristotle for more than 300 years BC, to more than 200 years BC. The ancient Greek culture gradually declined, during which four schools of ancient Greek thought appeared. Let's introduce them today: cynicism, Epicurism, Stoicism and skepticism.

Achievements of the Greek era

In the Hellenistic era, the social productivity of the Eastern Mediterranean increased, and agriculture, handicrafts and commerce all developed to a certain extent. The main economic sector of all Hellenistic countries is agriculture.

The emergence of a series of cities, including industrial and commercial centers such as Alexandria, Egypt, the establishment of trade routes between many regions, and the substantial increase of circulating currency all indicate the development of commodity economy. Frequent wars and a large number of enslaved prisoners of war increased the number of slaves.

Due to the mutual exchange and influence of different cultures, the needs of production and war, the increase of people's exchanges among various nationalities, and some measures taken by kings of various countries that are conducive to cultural development, mathematics, physics and astronomy have made great progress, represented by Euclid, Archimedes and Aristak. The Alexandria Museum and its library in Egypt enjoyed the reputation of an international university at that time.