1. Introduction of Laozi (about 600 years before the legend-about 470 years before), surnamed Li Minger, Bo Yang, Han nationality, was born in the ancient county of Chu (now Luyi County, Zhoukou, Henan Province), a great philosopher and thinker in ancient China, the founder of Taoism, and a world cultural celebrity. Laozi, also known as Lao Dan, is said to be born with white eyebrows and white beard, so he is called Laozi; Laozi lived in the Spring and Autumn Period and was the curator of Tibetan history in Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan), the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. He is knowledgeable and versatile. When Confucius traveled around the world, he went to Luoyang to ask Laozi. In his later years, Lao Zi traveled west by Qingniu, wrote a 5,000-word Tao Te Ching (also known as Lao Zi) in front of Hanguguan (located in Lingbao, Henan), and finally disappeared. Tao Te Ching contains rich dialectical thoughts. Laozi's philosophy and ancient Greek philosophy together constitute two peaks of human philosophy, and Laozi is honored as "the father of China's philosophy" because of his profound philosophical thoughts. Laozi's thought was passed down by Zhuangzi, and together with Confucianism and later Buddhism, it formed the core of China's traditional thought and culture. After the appearance of Taoism, Laozi was honored as "the old gentleman on the throne"; From the biography of the immortal, Lao Tzu has been honored as a fairy. Since the Han Dynasty, emperors of all dynasties have worshipped Laozi in Lu Yi, Henan. Tao Te Ching has more than 1000 foreign language versions, which is the most translated book in China.

Laozi's ideological proposition is "inaction", and Laozi's ideal political realm is "neighboring countries look at each other, chickens and dogs hear each other, and people don't talk to each other until they die."

Laozi used Tao to explain the evolution of all things in the universe, thinking that "Tao gives birth to one, two, two, three and three things" and "Tao" is "the fate of a husband is natural", so "man should be in the earth, the earth should be in the sky, the sky should be in the Tao, and the Tao should be natural". "Tao" is an objective natural law, and at the same time it has the eternal significance of "being independent and unchanging, walking without danger" The book Laozi contains many simple dialectical views, such as that everything has two sides, and the "movement of Tao" can be transformed from opposition, "the right is strange, the good is evil" and "the disaster is a blessing, and the disaster is hidden". He also believes that everything in the world is the unity of "being" and "nothing", and "being and nothing" are the foundation, and "everything in the world is born of something and born of nothing". "The way of heaven, the loss is more than enough, but the way of man is not, and the loss is not enough"; "People's hunger is as much as food tax"; "People die lightly, but they live on it"; "People are not afraid of death. Why are you afraid of death?" . His theory has a far-reaching influence on the development of China's philosophy, and its contents are mainly found in the book Laozi. His philosophical thoughts and the Taoist school he founded not only made important contributions to the development of China's ancient ideology and culture, but also had a far-reaching impact on the development of China's ideology and culture for more than two thousand years.