China's famous historical and cultural city
Nanyang, formerly known as Wan, is located in the southwest of Henan Province, at the junction of Henan, Hubei and Shaanxi provinces. It is a basin surrounded by mountains on three sides and open in the south. It is named because it is located in Funiu Shan Zhinan, north of Hanshui River.
Nanyang has a long history. As early as 400,000 to 500,000 years ago, "Nanzhao Ape Man" thrived in the upper reaches of Baihe River. About five or six thousand years ago, villages and houses appeared here, resulting in handicrafts such as agriculture, animal husbandry and pottery making.
In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Nanyang belonged to Jingzhou. Because it was in the south of the Zhou Dynasty, it was called "Zhoutu" by Zhou people. In the thirty-fifth year of Qin Dynasty (272 BC), Nanyang County was established.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Nanyang has become one of the eight metropolises in China, and started to use iron. There are handicrafts and businesses such as smelting iron and silk, especially the copper casting industry, which has developed rapidly and has a high technical level.
After Qin unified the six countries, "unscrupulous people moved to Nanyang", which made the six countries rich and good at business gathered in Nanyang, which promoted the economic development of Nanyang, especially the developed iron smelting industry and became one of the national iron smelting centers.
Nanyang County is still in the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty, and its jurisdiction is equivalent to the south of Xiong 'er Mountain in Henan Province and the north of Dahushan Mountain in Hubei Province. Nanyang's economic and cultural development has reached its peak in history. During the Western Han Dynasty, Nanyang Water Conservancy was as famous as Zheng Guoqu in Guanzhong and Dujiangyan in Chengdu, and was also called the three major irrigation areas in China. It is also one of the five famous cities in China (Nanyang, Luoyang, Linzi, Handan and Chengdu), one of the nine regions with industrial officials and one of the forty-six regions with iron officials.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu set out for Nanyang, known as the "hometown of emperors". Taishou Du's slope-repairing pool will expand farmland, and the county can irrigate 40,000 hectares of farmland. At this time, the use of drainage and hydraulic blower greatly improved the ironmaking efficiency, especially the use of ductile iron, which improved the ironmaking process level. This technology was used earlier than Europe 1000 years ago. At that time, Nanyang County had a population of 2.4 million, ranking first among all counties in China. The circumference of the county seat is 36 kilometers, which is larger than the urban area 1990. Nanyang in the Han Dynasty was full of talented people. Not only did Liu Xiu's 28 founding fathers mostly come from Nanyang, but also great scientists and physicians who were famous for Zhang Heng and Zhang Zhongjing emerged. After the death of dignitaries in the Han Dynasty, reburial prevailed, and many portrait stones and bricks were unearthed in Nanyang, which can be called "the history of Xiu Xiang's Han Dynasty" and become a wonderful flower in the treasure house of Chinese culture and art.
In the Tang Dynasty, there were two states in Nanyang: Deng and Tang. After the reign of Zhenguan and Kaiyuan, Nanyang's agriculture and industry and commerce flourished. Li Bai said in the "Travel Map of Nanyang": "Singing stops the clouds, dancing in the wild, inviting flowers to swim, and returning to the crown with the wind."
In the early Ming Dynasty, Nanyang was the fief of Zhu Fang, the 23rd son of Zhu Yuanzhang. During the Yongle period, there was a large-scale Tang Palace in Nanyang, and during the Chenghua period, there were nine county palaces. Nanyang royal family has busy traffic and active business. Businessmen from Shandong, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Hubei are in an endless stream, and various business halls and houses have sprung up everywhere. At that time, Nanyang made new progress in architecture, gardens, painting, sculpture and calligraphy.
During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the construction industry was particularly developed, and the ancient buildings such as Wuhou and Shanshan Guild Hall were resplendent and magnificent. Nanyang used to be the traffic artery leading to Huguang and Yunguichuan in Beijing, and the land post road was connected with the waterway wharf, so it was called "South Ship and North Horse". Shan, Shan, Jiang, Zheshang, Jiayun and other places have developed industry and commerce, and Nanyang has become the economic center of southwest Henan. In the tenth year of Guangxu, Zhenping began to produce silk and exported it to Europe and Southeast Asian countries.
1948165438+1October 4th, Nanyang was liberated and the Kuomintang rule ended.
1In March, 949, the newly established Henan Provincial Party Committee decided to set up Nanyang prefectural committee, and announced that the two counties under Nanyang's original jurisdiction were placed under Xuchang area, with Nanyang City, Nanyang County, nanzhao county, zhenping county, neixiang county, Xichuan County, Dengxian County, Xinye County, tanghe county, Tongbai County, Biyang County and Fangcheng County as 65433.
1965165438+1October 13. With the approval of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council, Nanyang Special Zone governs 13 counties (cities), namely: Nanyang City, Nanyang County, nanzhao county, zhenping county and neixiang county.
1in July, 1994, the State Council approved the revocation of Nanyang area, the establishment of prefecture-level Nanyang city, and the implementation of city and county leadership system.
2065438+2004 dengzhou city pilot straight pipe.