Dongjing Music is the music of Taoism "Jing Xian in Wenchang Cave, Laowu Town, Taishang". In Wenchang Sacrifice, preaching Wenchang Scripture in the form of music art is a very distinctive activity of Zitong's sacrifice to Wenchang Emperor. Tokyo music appears in large-scale sacrificial activities, which is also the traditional custom of "singing and dancing for ghosts and gods" in ancient times. This custom formed a system as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Qu Yuan, a great patriotic poet in ancient China, wrote nine songs, such as Emperor of the East and King in the Clouds, which vividly reflected the content of seeking and praising God by singing and dancing in the sacrificial activities of Chu at that time. In the subsequent dynasties, no matter how music (including percussion) was used to sacrifice gods, it tended to be large-scale. In this long process, due to the infiltration of religious music, the content of sacrificial music was enriched, the level of sacrificial music was defined, and the level of anti-smuggling music was improved. It is not difficult to see that anti-smuggling music is a rare treasure in China's ancient national culture.
Zitong Yangxi
On Qiqu Mountain in Zitong County, Jianmen County, Sichuan Province, there is a majestic temple with a statue of Emperor Zitong (Wenchang) dressed as an emperor. Legend has it that Zitong Emperor is a satellite from heaven, specializing in human fame and fortune. Therefore, it has always been a holy place for literati, officials and Confucian scholars to pray for fame and fortune. Because people think it is the hometown of Zitong Emperor and the birthplace of Wenchang belief, the county seat is named Zitong because of its fame. In this place where Zitong myth is circulating, there is a folk Nuo opera-Yang Zitong Opera.
Yang Zitong Opera began in Qianlong and Jiaqing years of Qing Dynasty, and even earlier, it has been circulated in Zitong area, with a history of about 300 years.
Yang Zitong Opera takes the "four saints" (the preacher, the landowner, Wang Yao and Wenchang) as gods, and has a whole set of sacrificial ceremonies and performances, which are used for folk activities of believing in women and praying for God and good luck.
According to legend, Yang Zitong has 32 days and 32 performances. According to the manuscript, the 32-day scenes are as follows: before sweeping the shed, out of the land, out of the horse, out of the spring ox, out of the knot, making peace with the old man, out of the prison, out of the ape, out of the screen, out of the monk's path, out of the plum blossom, out of the three saints, out of the master, out of the phoenix crown, out of the customs, out of the general Han Er.
As for the scripts of local operas, according to the above manuscripts, they include: Shang Taibai Chashan, Shang Gongcao, Shang Zushi, Shang Baihe Tonger, Shang Lingguan Town Altar, Shang Dianpan, Shang Tongbing Marshal, Zhong Kui, Luban Shipbuilding, Jiro Sweep, etc.
According to its content, it is: Taibai Venus found a place to pray for God, so she reported it to the Emperor of Heaven. The Emperor of Heaven sent Zhenwu, the founder of Zhenwu, Lingguan, Tuchayuan and Zhong Kui to exorcise ghosts. Finally, Erlang God led the judges to exorcise evil spirits on the land. Put all the epidemic ghosts into the boat, drive them out of the door and sweep them away.
The performance of Zitong Tiyang Opera is very distinctive. Muppets are the mainstay, with masks and painted figures, and all performances are dissolved in the sacrificial ceremony. Yang Zitong Opera's musical vocals are mainly "Shen Ge tune", and the vocals are recited by the master, and the Taoist children are in harmony with the tunes, accompanied by gongs and drums. When performing local operas, Sichuan Opera and Lantern Opera are also used.
There is a special way to perform Yang Zitong's opera, that is, to communicate directly with people who are willing by God during the performance. For example, Wang Lingguan asked on the stage, "I will make a wish for my disciple. Then why did you make a wish? " May the Lord tell you, "I don't know my home." The king asked, "How can I repay you today?" May the Lord answer, "Give flowers, mud pigs, dragons and phoenixes, and incense sticks." Wang Lingguan immediately sent a message: "Once and for all, once and for all, once and for all, take off the knife on the water and never owe a wish." May the elders live a long life, and the few live a long life. "May the Lord kowtow and thank you and step down from the stage. In Zhong Kui's Kill the Ghost, Zhong Kui caught two troublemakers and took them to the Lord. Ask the Lord, "Do you know these two ghosts? Zhong said, "These two ghosts are fighting cocks and dogs in front of and behind your house, disturbing you." . If I catch it now, how can I repay you? "May the Lord:" Money and banquet will repay. Zhong said, "OK, I'll chop these two ghosts behind the Yinshan Mountain." . From then on, your home is clean and white, and people are safe. May the Lord: "Thank God! "Answer finished, automatic step down. In Jiro's Tomb Sweeping, Jiro compromised and went to the altar. I hope that my family will immediately guide Jiro to go room by room and expel the unknown. Finally, Jiro swept all the "evil spirits" onto the boat, and led the people wishing the Lord, accompanied by the band, to drive the boat to the river outside the village and burned it that day. It means that the plague has been eliminated and the place is safe and prosperous. At this point, the drama performance is all over. Yang Zitong Opera closely combines exorcism rituals, drama stories and exorcism folk customs, which is the inheritance and development of the ancient exorcism activities.