The basic exhibition of the museum is divided into five parts: marine life, geology and minerals, the origin of life and the appearance of human beings, animals and plants, with 4853 specimens on display. Among them, the display of marine life in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea highlights local characteristics. The display of large cetacean specimens ranks first in China, and there are only a handful abroad. Museums often hold various special exhibitions, such as: China Catman Photo Exhibition, eugenics exhibition, French natural history exhibition, world insect exhibition, Antarctic exhibition, South China Sea exhibition and so on.
The library has participated in the compilation of books such as Animals and Plants in provinces, cities and the whole country. China Maoren won the second prize of 1983 National Excellent Science and Technology Book; "Snake Island Survey" won the provincial major scientific and technological achievement award 1978.
The museum also has frequent academic exchanges with foreign countries. 1984 In September, Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History in Japan was invited to show insects to the world. 1August, 986, our museum was invited to Kitakyushu City and Wuhe City in Japan to exhibit the birds and animals in Northeast China. natural jadeite
Jadeite is the main mineral of jadeite, with Mohs hardness of 6.5~7, dense and tough, and it is a valuable raw material of jadeite. In ancient China, the name of jade was originally the name of two kinds of birds, namely the flying and the red-feathered finch; Cui, jade finch. Because of their beautiful feathers, the ancients often used them to make jewelry and called them jadeite. It was not until the late Ming and early Qing dynasties that the word jadeite gradually referred to jadeite.
According to the processing technology, the finished jadeite can be divided into four categories: natural, improved, synthetic and imitation.
Natural jade: natural products without any artificial treatment, commonly known as A goods.
Improve jadeite: after bleaching and filling, jadeite can maintain its short-term beauty, commonly known as B goods; After dyeing, dipping, curium coloring, coating and radiation coloring, jadeite keeps a short and bright color, commonly known as C goods.
Synthetic jadeite: refers to a variety which is very close to the chemical composition and mineral composition of natural jadeite through ingredients in the laboratory under a certain temperature and pressure environment.
Imitation jade: generally speaking, it refers to other green or partially green gems, single crystal minerals, artificial products and articles similar in appearance to jade.
Zhuanghe meteorite (Zhuanghe meteorite)
1976 landed in Zhuanghe, Dalian, belonging to chondrite.
Meteorites are meteoroids falling from space materials to the earth, which can be divided into three categories: the first category is iron meteorites, the main component of which is iron-nickel alloy, which contains about 90% iron, accounting for 6% of the total; The second type is stony meteorites, accounting for 92% of the total, and its composition silicate accounts for 90%, followed by iron-nickel alloy; The third type is iron meteorite, with half of iron, nickel and silicate, and there are fewer such meteorites, accounting for only 2% of the total. In addition, there are also glass meteorites called "Leigong Mill" in China, which may not come directly from space, but are formed by large meteorites hitting the surface sandstone and rapidly cooling after melting. Meteorite specimens play an important role in inferring geochemical composition and discussing celestial evolution.
Diamonds (diamonds)
Diamonds are known as "the highest hardness" and "the king of gems". It is widely used in various industrial fields because of its excellent physical properties such as superhard, wear resistance, thermal conductivity, semiconductor and far infrared light transmission. Diamonds are the most valuable gems and can be used to polish them. Because of its high dispersion, it was called "night pearl" in ancient times.
The diamonds here are produced in Wafangdian Diamond Mine in Dalian, weighing 15.95 carats. The proven reserves of this mine account for 54% of the total reserves in China, and it is the largest diamond mine in Asia. With the discovery of Wafangzhuang diamond mine, the total diamond reserves of China ranked 10. The diamonds produced by this mine are famous for their high quality and high gem content. Its products enjoy a high reputation in the international diamond market. dragon tree
Compared with other fossils of Odonata, the evolution of Odontobutis monnieri is more primitive. Mainly reflected in the following aspects: the hip sleeve of the rear wing is small, with only 6 to 7 wing cavities, and there is no RSPL; CuAa vein in the posterior wing is curved with 5 obvious posterior branches; The MP pulse of the front wing is short and ends at the trailing edge of the wing near the wing knot. There are obvious branches under the wing nevus; The bases of the CuAa and MP domains of the hind wing are narrow, and there is only 1 wing-arranging cavity below the triangular cavity.
The discovery of Tetranychus monteggii provides new evidence that Jiufotang Formation belongs to Early Cretaceous.
parrot dragon
This is a rare dinosaur fossil specimen with the largest number of individuals found in the world so far. It consists of 34 parrot-billed dinosaurs and 1 adult parrot-billed dinosaurs. The average length of larvae is about 23cm, and the skull heals loosely with obvious bone seams, reflecting a group of newborn babies. Its discovery proves that dinosaurs raised young children.
Bufo monteggia
This specimen is a model specimen, well preserved, and it is the only frog fossil with complete skin imprint so far. Its identification features are: the skull is larger, wider than longer, the maxilla has dense comb-like fine teeth, and the frontal parietal bone is healed. The shoulder strap is curved in the chest and the vertebral body is sunken. 9 anterior vertebrae are recommended. The first three vertebral bodies have short ribs. The transverse process of sacrum is wide and fan-shaped. The coccyx is longer than the total length of the anterior sacrum. The forelimbs are thick and short, and the hind limbs are slender. Tibia and fibula are the same length as femur, and the length of tarsal joint is less than half of tibia and fibula. Callicarpa, Callicarpa
Cuckoo is a "giant" and "longevity" among shellfish. The largest shell can reach 1.8m long and weigh 200kg. The service life can reach about 100 years. There are several deep grooves on the outside of its shell, just like the rut left by the wheel pressing on the muddy road, from which the cockroach got its name. There are few kinds of soft-shelled turtle, including soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle and soft-shelled turtle.
Protection grade: China: I.
Music holy coral tube
Sheng coral is named after its many red tubular bones which are closely connected and shaped like musical instruments. Found in tropical waters, distributed in Taiwan Province Province, Hainan Island, Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands in China.
nautilus
Nautilus is a cephalopod mollusk with a shell, which is named because its shell has reddish-brown wavy stripes and looks like a beautiful parrot. Its shell rotates on the back and abdomen, and the shell is divided into many small rooms by the next door, and the rooms are connected by hollow pipes. The outermost room near the shell mouth is called "living room", and the rest rooms are filled with air, called "air chamber". Nautilus can adjust the air content in the air chamber to make its body rise and fall in the ocean.
Nautilus is inconvenient to move because of its heavy shell. It usually inhabits the deep seabed, crawls on the seabed with its tentacles, and sometimes swims in the sea with the water mist sprayed from the funnel, especially in the calm night after the storm. It likes to float on the sea in groups, but it will soon return to the seabed, so it is rare to see live nautilus.
Nautilus is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical waters, but it is distributed in Taiwan Province Province and Hainan Island in China, with a small number. It is a first-class protected wild animal in China.
Protection grade: China: I.
Golden Kaiser Hind
With a body length of 29mm and a wing spread of 9 1 mm, the rare butterflies endemic to China are distributed in Hainan, Guangdong and Fujian. The male butterfly has emerald wings, with black and yellow-green veins interlaced in the front wing, two golden spots in the center of the rear wing, a slender tail and a yellow end. Because of its rarity, the International Committee for the Protection of Endangered Animals (IUCN) listed it as K (unknown species) or R (rare individuals), and China was listed as a first-class protected animal.
Qinbujia
It is 76 mm long and 35 mm wide. Tropical virgin forests distributed in Southeast Asia. Named after the shape of the head and body wings is similar to that of a violin. Its back and abdomen are flat and adapt to the narrow space under the bark. Manta ray birostris (Walbaum), a double-kissing manta ray.
Local name: shrimp (fish friend)? Manta
English name: Devilfish Japanese name: ォニィトマキェィ
Classification: manta rays, manta rays, manta rays.
Features: The body disk is rhombic, the width is more than twice the length, and the tail is as slender as a whip. Round eyes. The spray hole is small and triangular, located behind the eyes and far away from them. Noses are located at the front two sides of the mouth, and water outlet holes are opened at the corners of the mouth. The mouth is wide, in the front position, protruding from the middle of the jaw before kissing. There are many small teeth, only the lower jaw has 1 tooth band, and the upper jaw has no teeth. The gill holes are very large. Dorsal fin1; The tail thorn is short and wide; The caudal fin disappeared.
Habitat: Warm pelagic fish. Feeding on swimming crustaceans or groups of small fish.
Distribution: Marine fishes are also found in the northern part of the Yellow Sea in Dalian.
Value: edible.
Spinibarbus orientalis and schlegel
Local names: swordfish, sail fish and flatfin swordfish.
English name: Sailfish Japanese name: バショカジキ
Classification: Perciformes, Swordfish, Swordfish.
Features: There is a distance between the second dorsal fin and the first dorsal fin. The length of the anterior fin spine of the first dorsal fin is about 1/2 of that of the middle fin spine. There are many light spots on the side. The first dorsal fin is particularly high and sail-shaped. The ventral fin is long and has only one fin spine, which can be folded into the abdominal recess and reach the gluteal fin. Except for the exposed snout, the rest are covered with needle-like round scales, mostly buried under the skin. The tail handle is thin, with two short and low ridges on each side. The kiss stretches forward, long and sharp, like a sword. The pectoral fin is very low. The head and back are blue-green.
Ecology: it is a large fierce fish in the upper and middle layers of tropical and subtropical oceans.
Distribution: Marine fish are also distributed along the coast of Dalian.
Value: Edible, rare.
Lienard, a kind of spear-tailed molar.
English name: sharp tailed sunfish Japanese name: ヤリマンボ
Classification: fire dragon, fire dragon family, fire dragon genus.
Features: short oval body, flat side, high, body length is about 1.5 times body height. The skin is rough and there is no bone plate inside. Small mouth, front position. The dorsal fin is similar to the gluteal fin, high and narrow, with a sharp knife shape, located at the back of the body. The pectoral fin is short and round. The dorsal fin and the gluteal fin extend and connect at the rear end of the body to form a rudder fin, and the middle fin extends in a spear shape. Young fish have tumor-like spikes, and the shape of odd fins is similar to that of ordinary fish. With the increase of age, the spinous process gradually disappeared, and the dorsal fin and gluteal fin gradually became longer.
Ecology: It is a drifting fish widely distributed in tropical oceans. When it is clear and calm, it often exposes its dorsal fin out of the water to feed on plankton, and when it encounters wind and waves, it will lie flat. The body is large, and the body length can reach 2.5~3m.
Distribution: There are some tropical seas in the world, including the South China Sea and the East China Sea of China, but few.
Value: not much. This specimen was collected by our library in March, 2004, with a total length of1.12m. It is currently the largest specimen of this species.
Japanese Nak (Tammink and schlegel)
English name: Electric ray Japanese name: シビレェヒ
Classification: Leia, Monoptera, Monoptera.
Features: small and prominent eyes; The edge of the water spray hole is convex; The anterior nasal flap is wide and extends to the lower lip; Soft skin. A dorsal fin. There is a large generator between the head and pectoral fin. The main disk is sub-circular. The external angle of the ventral fin is not prominent, and the rear edge is straight. The tail has a side fold. The back is reddish brown with a few irregular black spots. There are 5 gill holes, which are narrow and arranged straight. Teeth are small and numerous.
Habitat: Benthic fishes in offshore waters.
Distribution: coastal areas of our city, but rarely seen.
Value: edible.
These two species are common in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.
Sebastes sp .
Classification: Siluriformes, Siluridae, Siluridae.
Specimen 2000050 1 length 148 mm, ♀; Specimens 20000502 are 14 1mm, ♂ and 200211204 mm, ♀. Collected from the North Yellow Sea. It belongs to Pistaceae. Dorsal fin ⅹ ⅲ-12; Gluteal fin ⅲ-6; Pectoral fin 16~ 17 (the lower fin has no branching 9~ 10, and the free part accounts for about1/3 ~1/7); Abdominal fin ⅰ-5; The lateral scale is 46 ~ 48, 12 ~ 14/20 ~ 24. The dark brown on the side is covered with orange spots, and there is one in the middle of almost every scale, and the spots on odd fins are bigger. The head and back are dark brown, the abdomen and chest and abdomen are light grayish brown, and the dorsal fin edge is dark brown; After soaking in formalin, the macula gradually faded to milky white. It is easy to be confused with the squid. The difference is that the color of the nail body is obviously different. The squid has an obvious black spot on the gill cover behind its eyes and a small brown spot on its ventral fin. B the number of undivided fins of dorsal fin and pectoral fin is different, and Dalian is flat and thick. C Dalian has 46~48 lateral scales and 29~30 armor. D: The eye distance of Dalian Pingping is about equal to the eye diameter, while that of armored Pingping is half of the eye diameter. This is a new species. Variety name: Banna fish salamander
Scientific name: Banna fish salamander
English name: Yunnan Caecilian
Family name: ichthyidae
Domestic distribution: Yunnan, Guangdong and Guangxi.
It was discovered late in China, and the habitat was seriously damaged, so there was no protection measures.
Name of species: giant salamander
Scientific name: giant salamander
English name: Chinese giant salamander
Family name: Cryptbranchiaceae
Domestic distribution: North China, Central China, South China and Southwest China.
Giant salamander, also known as "giant salamander", is the largest amphibian in the world.
Variety Name: Bufo Ailao
Scientific name: Ailao tentacles algae Yang, Chen, Ma.
English name: Yunnan toad
Family name: Bufonidae of Bufonidae
Domestic distribution: Yunnan
Endemic to China, it is only found in the Ailao Mountain and Wuliang Mountain in Jingdong and Xishuangbanna. Green/Ocean/Turtle
Turtles living in the sea are relatively large, with streamlined bodies and paddle-shaped limbs, which are very suitable for marine life. Although widely distributed, they are few in number, and they are all extremely cherished protected animals. During the spawning season, the mother turtle will climb ashore at night and lay dozens to hundreds of eggs in the bunker. After 7- 10 weeks, the baby turtles hatched almost at the same time and struggled to climb to the sea by instinct. Leatherback turtle is the largest turtle in the world, weighing 1000 kg. It is covered with tough skin and has seven longitudinal edges on its back.
boa
The largest python is a South American python, which can reach 1 1 meter long, while domestic pythons are generally only 5-7 meters long. When a python preys, it will wrap its prey to death with its thick body and then swallow it. Python's abdomen has traces of hind legs and claws, which means it evolved from animals like lizards. Python is a national first-class protected animal.
Chinese/Yangtze alligator
The Chinese alligator, known as the "living fossil" swimming in the Yangtze River basin, is a rare wild animal unique to China. After vicissitudes of life, it has survived tenaciously for 200 million years. It is a national first-class protected wild animal. Fortunately, the artificial reproduction of Chinese alligator has been successful, which makes it possible for this rare species to survive and reproduce. Coptis chinensis (coptis chinensis)
Coptis yunnanensis is produced in northwest Yunnan and southeast Tibet, and its rhizome contains many alkaloids such as coptisine and berberine. It is a top-grade medicinal plant of Coptis chinensis, and its wild resources are scarce, so it is difficult to collect. It has been listed as a national second-class protected plant.
Taxodium yunnanense
Taxodium yunnanense is distributed in southeast Yunnan and southwest Guizhou. Due to excessive logging, the number is obviously reduced and endangered, and it is listed as a national first-class protected plant.
Acer yangjuechi
Acer truncatum is only distributed in the narrow area of West Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang Province, with a small number and a decline in growth. This plant is in danger of extinction because of its high sterility rate and weak natural regeneration ability, and is listed as a national second-class protected plant.
Yunnan craigie
The wood of Yunnan Tung can be used for furniture and musical instruments, the roots and leaves can be used as medicine, the bark can be used for paper making, and the seeds can be used for oil extraction. It is found in southern Yunnan, southern Guizhou and southwestern Guangxi, and in mountain forests at an altitude of 1400~ 1700 meters. Because of its small distribution area and frequent man-made destruction, it is now in an endangered state and is listed as a national second-class protected plant.
Northeast slope
Maopo is an important part of tropical rain forest in China, and it is also an excellent special building material, and its wood is very durable. Its distribution area is limited to the mountainous areas below 800 meters above sea level in Pingbian, Lu Chun, Hekou, Jinping and Jiangcheng counties in southern Yunnan. Due to the destruction of forests and the deterioration of habitats, it has fallen into an endangered state and is listed as a national protected plant. Heihe
Black stork: It often inhabits open forests, lakes, streams and swamps. Mainly feed on small fish, but also eat small reptiles and invertebrates. Almost all over the country.
white crane
Red-crowned crane: It inhabits lakes, grasslands, beaches, reeds, swamps and other shallow water areas near water. Prey on fish and shrimp in the water. It breeds in Heilongjiang river basin in summer and overwinters in southeast coastal provinces in winter.
snowy owl
Snow owl: It lives in tundra, tundra forest, plains and wilderness. They feed on rodents and prey on birds. Produced in Heilongjiang, Liaoning and western Xinjiang.
bird of paradise
Bird of Paradise: Also known as "Bird of Paradise", it is mainly produced in Australia, inhabiting tropical dense forests and mainly eating insects and berries; Also known as the "bird of paradise", it is mainly produced in Australia and lives in tropical forests, mainly eating insects and berries.
wild beast
Thick gray whale
Protection grade: China: Grade II; CITES: Appendix 1.
Gray whales belong to the genus Gray Whales, belonging to the family Gray Whales. They are thick and short, spindle-shaped and have short heads. There are pinholes like needles on the epidermis of the head. The body color is dark gray.
This specimen died in February of 1996+65438 in Zhuanghe, Dalian. Female, body length11.95m. ..
Eubalaena glacialis (mü ller, 1776), a black right whale.
Protection grade: China: Grade II; CITES: appendix I; IUCN: Endangered (EN).
The black right whale belongs to the genus Right Whale, belonging to the family Right Whale. It has a short and thick body, no dorsal fin, a big head and a horny tumor. The body is dark brown, the ventral surface is light in color, with cloud-like or striped patches, and the flippers and caudal fins are black. The black right whale moves slowly, likes to live in the upper water, and its whole back is exposed to the water, hence the name right whale.
This specimen was captured in the northern Yellow Sea on 1977. It is female, with a total length of 17. 10 m and a weight of about 66.7 tons, which is the largest preserved cetacean in China.
Baleen whale (Linnaeus, 1758) is a kind of fin whale.
Protection grade: China: Grade II; CITES: appendix I; IUCN: Endangered (EN).
The baleen whale belongs to the genus baleen, belonging to the baleen family, and its body is slightly slender and spindle-shaped. The dorsal fin is sickle-shaped with a concave rear edge. There are 54-78 folds on the ventral surface of the body, extending longitudinally from the front of the mandible to the back of the navel. The left side of the body color is thicker than the right side. Swimming in groups, the swimming speed can exceed 30 kilometers per hour.
This specimen was captured in the northern Yellow Sea on 1959. Female, with a body length of 18.40m and a weight of about 34.7 tons.
Sperm whale physical examination instrument (Linnai, 1758)
Protection grade: China: Grade II; Endangered Species Convention: Appendix I
Sperm whales belong to the genus Sperm Whale in physeteridae, which is a giant among toothed whales. The head is particularly huge, and the breathing hole is located on the left side of the front end of the head. The body color is mostly blue-black or black-brown.
Sperm whales have strong diving skills, with a record of 2200 meters. You can stay in the water for 55 minutes when diving again.
This specimen died near the coast of qianyang town, donggang city in February 1993, with a body length of17.5m and a weight of more than 50 tons.
elk
Elk is a unique animal in China, belonging to Artiodactyla, Cervidae and Elk Family. Originated in Liaoning, North China, the Yellow River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The head is like a horse, the horn is like a deer, the hoof is like an ox, and the tail is like a donkey. Body color is brownish gray in winter and red and brown in summer; There is a dark brown longitudinal stripe from the neck to the front of the body. Males have horns.