Historical bibliography refers to the "artistic record" or "historical record" of books recorded in historical books. When Ban Gu compiled Hanshu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, he adapted it into Yiwenzhi according to Liu Xin's "Seven Views", which initiated the compilation of official historical Yiwenzhi according to the official bibliography. Han Shu Literature and Art Annals is the earliest existing classical bibliography in China. Starting from the specific writing situation of Hanshu, Ban Gu "deleted its essence" from Qilue, thus making Hanshu Yiwenzhi closely integrated with historical books in style, fully embodying the characteristics of compiling historical records. Ban Gu shows two thoughts: innovation and inheritance in Yi Wen Zhi. He deleted the "abstract" in Qilue and put its contents after each abstract and category respectively. Delete the "introduction" in Qilue and replace it with a concise note explaining the author, time, content, authenticity, etc. The categories of some books in Qilue have been adjusted, marked with "out", "in" and "province"; The works of Liu Xiang, Yang Xiong and Du Lin after the completion of the Seven Laws were added to show the integrity of the times. These adaptation methods embody Ban Gu's idea of historian bibliography. However, in terms of bibliographic classification system, Ban Gu did not change its style by following the materials in Historical Records, but completely followed the classification system of Seven Laws. This is because: First of all, this classification system summarizes the cultural and academic contents of the pre-Qin Dynasty, especially the Han Dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, China's academic culture showed a prosperous scene. Burning books and burying Confucianism in the Qin Dynasty. Except for some books such as medicine and tree planting, other scholars suffered serious losses. By the end of the Western Han Dynasty, when the Seven Laws were compiled, a classification system of six categories and thirty-eight subcategories was formed, and tens of thousands of books were recorded. This process of development and change is the history of cultural and academic development in the Western Han Dynasty. In summing up and reflecting this kind of history, this classification system is intuitive and systematic, and describes its achievements in an all-round way, which provides conditions for the direct follow-up of Ban Gu's Records of Arts and Literature. There is no need to re-invent or adapt it into other expressions to complete this historical task of recording cultural history. This tradition of Ban Gu shows his brilliant knowledge of reflecting cultural history in the form of bibliography. Secondly, this classification system embodies the orthodox thought of Han Dynasty. Liu Xiang and Liu Xin compiled Seven Outlooks, so the whole classification system runs through feudal orthodoxy. In the order of categories, it ranks six arts in the first place, and other schools and technologies are included in the subordinate categories. In the commentary, the Seven Laws regard the Six Classics as eternal classics, and the Five Classics represent the "five principles" and occupy an important position in the feudal ruling class. In the changes of the whole world, the Book of Changes has always played a leading role in the changes of Yin and Yang. This theological thought was the mainstream view of historical cycle theory at that time. In addition, a hundred schools of thought are described as "one branch of six classics, one family of children and grandchildren", and the idea of respecting Confucianism runs through it. These thoughts in the Seven Laws laid the ideological foundation for Ban Gu's direct follow-up. Third, this classification system reflects the relationship between various academic categories at that time. For example, use categories to reflect the relationship between related categories. In addition to the six categories of classics such as Yi, Shi, Shu, Li, Yue and Chunqiu, Liu Yi Xue also includes three categories of books such as The Analects of Confucius, Xiao Jing and Primary School. This is because The Analects of Confucius and The Book of Filial Piety are words elaborated by Confucius, which can be compared with the Six Classics as introductory books of Confucian classics. Primary school is a dictionary and other philology books, which is not only the basis of enlightenment, but also considered as the basis of learning classics. Liu Yilue attached three books, such as The Analects of Confucius, to the Six Classics, reflecting their ideological affiliation. "Qilue" describes some relations between culture and scholarship in the form of quasi-books, which has reached a high level and provided factors for the direct inheritance of Ban Gu's academic quality. As for why Ban Gu added "Yi Wen Zhi" to the official history, it has been unclear. Judging from the situation at that time, Ban Gu's idea of compiling Yi Wen Zhi was to reflect the history of a generation of culture in the form of bibliography to make up for the lack of cultural history in historical books. The second is to preserve the records of ancient books and provide a basis for future generations to consult. Thirdly, the ideological system of Qilue accords with the historical thought of Hanshu, and it has been adapted into Literary Annals to serve its dynastic historiography thought.

The Records of Han Shu Literature and Art initiated the compilation of historical records. Since then, Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi, Tang Shu Jing Ji Zhi, New Tang Shu Yi Wen Zhi, Song Shi Yi Wen Zhi, Shi Ming Yi Wen Zhi, Qing Shi Draft Yi Wen Zhi have been compiled into history books. If there is no "records of arts and literature" in the history books, it will be supplemented in the Qing Dynasty, so that more than 20 official books basically have "records of arts and literature", thus forming the bibliography school of Historical Records. Together, these documents will become the general catalogue of ancient books in China, which can fully reflect the writings from ancient times to the Qing Dynasty.

Wei Zhi's Chronicle of Sui Shu Classics was compiled on the basis of the Imperial Bibliography of the Sui Dynasty, and supplemented the collection of books in the early Tang and Sui Dynasties. * * * Record 3 127 volumes, 36,708 volumes; Collection of books 1064 volumes, 12759 volumes. In the classification, I refer to Ruan Xiaoxu's Seven Points Method and Xun Xu's Four Points Method. According to the collection of books at that time, I divided the books into four categories, and took classics, history, sub-books and collections as the department names for the first time. In classification, Wei Zhi put forward the theory of "stay away from it, get close to it", which has a certain influence on later generations. In terms of description, in order to complete the task of recording a generation of books in Sui Shu, Wei Zhi adopted the description method of "existing in today's examination"; In order to record the changes and loss of books in the Six Dynasties, the annotation method of "about the meaning of the text, each listed under this article" was adopted. This recording method is an innovation of Sui Zhi, which provides detailed and reliable evidence for studying the circulation of ancient books before the Tang Dynasty.

Tang Jing Lu was compiled by Liu Shao and others according to the official bibliography, ancient and modern records and other materials of the Tang Dynasty. The method of adaptation is relatively simple, that is, deleting the category order and abstract in the ancient and modern records and recording all the books in the ancient and modern records. Its purpose is to "record the four books of the flourishing age of Kaiyuan" and "show the prosperity of literature and art". Books after Kaiyuan and Tianbao were not supplemented. As a comprehensive reflection of the collection of books in the Tang Dynasty, it is obviously not enough. New Tang Shu Yi Wen Zhi made up for this deficiency. On the basis of Bibliography of Classics in Tang Dynasty and Records of Ancient and Modern Books, Ouyang Xiu and others compiled Records of Calligraphy and Art in New Tang Dynasty. Its greatest feature is that it supplements nearly 30,000 volumes of lost articles of Tang people in Jing Ji Zhi and Tang Shu. In order to show the difference, each book is divided into "recorded" and "unrecorded". "Recorded" refers to the original books in Historical Records and Records of Ancient and Modern Books, while "unrecorded" refers to the newly recorded books that are not recorded in the above two bibliographies. The two books in the Tang Dynasty are complementary to each other, which can reflect the collections and writings of people in the Tang Dynasty.

Tuoketuo's Records of Song History and Arts and Literature is different from the previous bibliography. It is based on the national history and arts and literature of the Song Dynasty, not on the official bibliography of the Song Dynasty. According to the system of the Song Dynasty, there were artistic records in the national history of the Song Dynasty. These bibliographies are well-organized, with not only all kinds of orderly articles, but also all kinds of books with abstracts. Records of national history, art and literature are based on official bibliographies. Lv Yijian (Taizong, Zhenzong), Wang Xuan (Renzong, Yingzong), Li Tao (Zongshen, Zhezong, Hui Zong, Qinzong) and Zhongxing compiled three artistic chronicles of national history. According to the above four Records of National History and Arts, the Records of Song History and Arts were merged into one. For books other than National History, Arts and Records, the method of "unrecorded" is adopted. * * * The Song Dynasty recorded 98 19 volumes, 1 19972 volumes.

The History of Ming Dynasty and the Records of Arts and Literature compiled by Zhang et al. has been revised several times, creating a bibliographic style to record the prosperity of a generation of works. In the past, several Bibliography of Historical Records were all based on the collection of a generation, while The History of Ming Dynasty and the Records of Arts and Literature created another kind of integration, only recording the works compiled by the Ming Dynasty because of its times. First of all, the economy and culture of the Ming Dynasty were relatively developed, and the invention and popularization of printing greatly increased the number of books. If we still follow the bibliography of Historical Records such as Han Shu Literature and Art Records, the contents of the bibliography will be too complicated. Secondly, since the Song Dynasty, in addition to the official bibliography, there have been many private book catalogues, and there are also articles devoted to bibliography in general history works. The appearance of various bibliographies makes historical books lose their function of collecting books. Therefore, the bibliography limited to the writings of the Ming Dynasty can better reflect the cultural and academic history of a generation. Third, when the Ming History Museum was established in the early Qing Dynasty, the official bibliography of the Ming Dynasty was relatively ignored, and there was no ready-made bibliography of the Southern Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty as evidence. Rather than reflecting all the books in the Ming Dynasty, it is better to be confined to the Ming Dynasty, which is the objective reason for the chronicle of the History of Ming Dynasty. The History of the Qing Dynasty, Art and Literature, imitates the style of the History of the Ming Dynasty and records the writings of people in the Qing Dynasty. "Literature and art is an old example, and ancient books are compiled. I am imitating Zhi Ming as my ambition, and all the records are from the Qing Dynasty. Only the Qing Dynasty compiled a large number of ancient lost articles, which could not be omitted, and then attached to various books (preface to the History of Qing Dynasty, Art and Literature).

The seven bibliographies in the official history mentioned above have the same characteristics in compiling methods, whether they record books or writings of a generation. First, it is basically compiled according to the official bibliography of the previous generation. As a monograph reflecting the academic history of a generation of culture, it is feasible to adapt it according to the bibliography of the previous generation, which can truthfully reflect the book culture and academic thought of the previous generation. The second is to supplement the bibliography on this basis. The time limit of the previous books can't be exactly the same as that of the historical books, so the supplementary explanation of the later books shows the idea of making the historical records fully reflect the culture of the previous generation. The third is to indicate the existence, death, disability and lack of books recorded in the previous bibliography. With the change of dynasties, books were inevitably scattered. Pointing out the history and existence of books is helpful to understand the development of book culture. The fourth is to delete the abstract of the included bibliography and replace it with concise notes. This change is determined by the style of history books, because the editors of history books should keep the balance of all chapters in the whole history book, and there can be no more narration and repetition in the book. This practice not only reflects the bibliographic thoughts of the compilers of Historical Records, but also reflects the characteristics of the compilation methods of Historical Records.