1, Moscow Kremlin and Red Square
Moscow Kremlin and Red Square are palaces and religious centers where Russian emperors lived, belonging to the global historical and cultural heritage. Red Square is the oldest and most famous city square in Paris, and it is the representative of Paris and even Ukraine.
2. Historic Center of St. Petersburg, Russia
The historical center of St. Petersburg is a world cultural heritage. There are many famous castles and religious ancient buildings here, among which John Palace is the most luxurious palace in St. Petersburg and a must-see castle.
3. Columnar rocks of the Lena River
Lena River Columnar Rock is located in Lena River Columnar Rock Natural Park. Its history can be traced back to Precambrian, with a history of 530 million years. From a distance, it looks like a whole wall is inserted into the water, and the impression is very shocking.
The world is so big, I want to see it-St. Petersburg, Russia
St. Petersburg was built in 1703, ordered by Russian Tsar Peter I, and was the capital of the Tsar era. It is named after the city's first building, which is Fort Peter Paul guarding the mouth of the neva river River. The tsarist government renamed St. Petersburg Petrograd. The Soviet Union was founded in 19 17. After Lenin's death in 1924, the name of the city was changed to Leningrad to commemorate the October Revolution initiated by Lenin. 199 1 After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the old name of St. Petersburg was restored.
We took the night train (sleeper) from Moscow to St. Petersburg and arrived in St. Petersburg the next morning. I don't know if it was because Russia was still relatively backward at that time (2007) or because travel agencies were quite backward in order to save money. As soon as the tour leader got on the bus, he told us that theft often happened on the train. I hope everyone will pay attention to safety precautions. After the initial solution, the team leader came to a private room with four people one by one to teach everyone how to lock two doors and add a third line of defense. Tie the door handle tightly to the iron handrail next to the door frame with rope, tape or sheets. If the first two locks are unlocked, the third line of defense can keep the sliding door from being easily opened. The tour leader reminded me to lock the door when I wake up other people in my room in the middle of the night, otherwise it would be convenient for the front foot to go out and the back foot thief to enter. The "bed" in our lower berth is a big wooden box, which can just hold your luggage. Thieves can't move when they come in. You open the box. Fortunately, the shocking night passed without incident. It is said that Russian trains have made great progress now.
St Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia with a population of over 5 million. It is located on the Neva River. Many tributaries of neva river flow into the Gulf of Finland. The whole city consists of more than 40 islands. There are more than 700 bridges connecting the islands in the city, so St. Petersburg is also called "Venice in the North".
The whole city of St. Petersburg is modeled after the European style, and the ancient buildings of the tsarist era can be seen everywhere, both spectacular and exquisite. There are almost all kinds of sculptures on the outer wall of the building, and some bronze figures can often be seen in the garden in the center of the street.
The base of the bronze knight statue of Peter the Great is a 40-ton granite, which was found in Finland Bay in St. Petersburg, and it took five months to get here. The granite is engraved with "Catherine II commemorates Peter the Great1August 782". The horse that Peter the Great rides represents Russia. Its feet are flying, as if to break through all obstacles and go forward bravely. Under the horse's paw, there was a big snake that was trampled to death, representing all the old-fashioned people who prevented Peter the Great from reforming and transforming. As the sculpture shows, Peter the Great broke through many obstacles and built this beautiful city St. Petersburg in this swamp, and built its capital here, bringing backward, feudal and poor Russia to the ocean and prosperity.
There are several famous churches in St. Petersburg, all of which have rich allusions. Blood Cathedral is a rare pure Russian style building in St. Petersburg. 18 1 1 year, Tsar Alexander II was killed by members of the "people's will". During the period of 1883-1907, the cathedral of blood was built in the place where the tsar was killed, hence the name. The design of the Blood Cathedral draws lessons from the style of the Ascension Cathedral of St. Vasily in Moscow, and the colorful "onion" roof building is very eye-catching. The chapel is as high as 8 1 m, and its momentum is quite magnificent.
The Isakiyev Cathedral in St. Petersburg that we see now was built in 18 18~ 1858, which was designed by French designers and built by 440,000 people. It took 40 years. It is considered to be the third cathedral in the world after St Peter's Cathedral in Rome and Cologne Cathedral in Germany. Isakiyev Church is the symbol of St Petersburg. The church is102m high,12m long and12m wide. The whole building can accommodate 12000 people to hold religious ceremonies at the same time. There is a tall statue of Nicholas I in the square in front of the church.
Kazan Cathedral is located on Neva Street in St Petersburg. It was built in 180 1 and completed in181after ten years. Because the main entrance of the church faces east and the side faces Neva Street, it is not very beautiful, so 94 long conical semi-cylinders are erected in the north of the church, and the promenade forms a square surrounded by streets. In front of the colonnade stands the monument of Russian commander Kutuzov and the monument of Russian marshal. In the church, there is the tomb of Kutuzov and the victory of 18 12 in defeating Napoleon.
Located on the right bank of neva river in the center of St. Petersburg, Fort Peter Paul is a famous ancient building in St. Petersburg. The fortress was laid by Peter the Great on Rabbit Island in 1703, the same age as Petersburg. It was originally built as an outpost of the northern war between Russia and Sweden, but it did not play this role. Later it was mainly used as a prison for political prisoners. The gate is called Petrov Gate, which is decorated with a double-headed eagle relief symbolizing the supreme power of the royal family.
19 17 during the October revolutionary armed uprising, Lenin set the revolutionary headquarters in Smolny College, where he issued a declaration on the establishment of Soviet political power. It was the center of the Soviet regime until the capital moved to Moscow in 19 18. From the night of19171.1.6 to the morning of 1. 1.7, more than 200,000 revolutionary soldiers and uprising workers quickly occupied various strategic locations in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and captured the winter, the seat of the interim government at that time. We should explain the "Artillery October Revolution". The uprising took place on165438+1October 7, which is the Gregorian calendar, equivalent to 65438+1October 25 in the Russian calendar, so it was called the "October Revolution". In addition, the cruiser Aphrodite, which was moored on the Neva River at that time, was being overhauled, without loading or personnel. Belyshev, the temporarily appointed political commissar of Aphrodite, fired only a few blanks (no warheads) at the Winter Palace.
The Summer Palace is located about 30 kilometers southwest of St. Petersburg. It faces the Gulf of Finland and consists of fountains, gardens and palaces. It is a famous tourist attraction in St. Petersburg. In order to show Russia's status as a veritable "great power", Peter the Great ordered the construction of the Summer Palace in 1704. He gathered outstanding architects and craftsmen from all over the world, represented by France and Italy at that time, and personally participated in the project planning. Today, there are more than a dozen planning drawings designed by himself. The Summer Palace was completed in 1723. After several generations of czars' further carving, the Summer Palace has become more beautiful and charming. It was destroyed in World War II, later restored and listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO. The Summer Palace is divided into "upper garden" and "lower garden". The most spectacular is the waterfall in front of the palace, which consists of 64 fountains and more than 250 golden bronze statues.
In the history of the Russian empire, only two emperors have won the title of "Great": one is the founder of the empire, Peter I, and the other is Catherine II. In the hearts of Russians, the most powerful woman in their history was Tsar Catherine II, whose rule lasted for nearly 35 years, and Russia in the second half of the eighteenth century was the stage of her historical activities. During the yekaterina era, Russia stepped into the ranks of world powers.
Peter the Great and Catherine I had a daughter, Queen Elizabeth I, who was unmarried and childless. She chose Peter III, the grandson of Peter the Great, as the heir to the throne and married Catherine II. 1762, Catherine ii led the praetorian guard to launch a coup and acceded to the throne.
The splendid Catherine Palace (also known as Tsar Village) was built by Peter the Great in 17 17 for his wife Catherine I, and it is also the favorite suburban palace of his daughters Queen Elizabeth and Catherine II. Queen Catherine II carried out a large-scale transformation and expansion, and it became the main place for her dissolute and luxurious life. It is said that Catherine II had a double-digit lover. The palace was listed on the United Nations World Heritage List in 1990. Catherine Palace is three stories high and the front is more than 300 meters long. It is mainly composed of blue, white and yellow, which are said to represent the hostess's blue eyes, white skin and blonde hair respectively.
In the royal village, there are not only royal palaces, but also aristocratic schools. 18 1 1 Pushkin, 12 years old, entered Huangcun Middle School and spent six years. His literary genius has been revealed in the school. 1937 It was renamed Pushkin Village to commemorate Pushkin's childhood here. Is the sculpture of Pushkin, a poet sitting on a bench, meditating on a new poem or worrying about his wife's affair?
Winter Palace, also known as Elmy Tashi Museum. Located in the Palace Square in St. Petersburg, it was originally the palace of the czar of the Russian Empire. After the October Revolution, it was converted into a part of Elmy Tashi Museum in St. Petersburg. It is an outstanding example of Russian neoclassical architecture in the middle of18th century. Tashi Museum in Elmy, the British Museum in London, the Louvre in Paris and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in new york are called the four largest museums in the world. The museum was originally the private museum of Russian Queen Catherine II. * * * has more than 2.7 million collections, including prehistoric culture and Egyptian art collections, as well as a large number of oil paintings and sculptures from Italy, Spain, Germany, Britain, Russia, Belgium, the Netherlands and France.
The Alexander Memorial Column built in Winter Palace Square to commemorate 18 12 Russia's victory over Napoleon of France. The memorial column is carved from a whole granite, with a height of 47.5 meters, a diameter of 4 meters and a weight of more than 600 tons. It stands on the cornerstone by its own weight without any support.
Go boating in neva river. Russian folk artists perform songs and dances on cruise ships. However, according to my experience, such performances organized by travel agencies (including the so-called "the greatest performance on earth in Moscow" performances, etc. ) They are basically grassroots teams, which are not worth watching.
Now studying in St. Petersburg, who can tell us more about the scenic spots in St. Petersburg?
St Petersburg is the largest port in Russia. Rich in tourism resources, with a long urban history as Neva Street; The bronze knight in The Decemberists Square is a landmark sculpture in St Petersburg. The Winter Palace (now the Taj Mahal Museum in Elmy) is as famous as the Louvre in Paris and the Metropolitan Museum in new york, USA, and is one of the largest museums in the world. The magnificent Summer Palace is known as "Russia's Versailles". At the same time, St. Petersburg is also the birthplace of figure skating school.
Representative palace
The Winter Palace (зимнийдворец):) was originally a Russian imperial palace, and now it is a part of hermitage museum. In front of the palace is the semicircle of the General Staff Square and the Alexander Monument. Located in the Palace Square, it was built between 1754 and 1762, and was the palace of the czars of past dynasties. The architectural style is baroque, with ***3 floors, more than 65,438 large and small halls and rooms, and the interior and exterior decoration is extremely luxurious. After the October Revolution in Russia, the Winter Palace was transformed into a museum, with a collection of nearly 3 million antiques and art treasures from all over the world. According to the themes of prehistoric culture, Greek and Roman culture, oriental culture and Russian culture, it is one of the largest museums with the largest collections in the world.
An important palace
Xia Yuan (летниксад): Located in the east of the Winter Palace, it is a simple two-story building. There is an "engineer's redoubt" (иненерныйзамок) in its affiliated garden, which is the place where Tsar Paul I was assassinated.
The Summer Palace (летнийдворец)
Peter Palace (петродворец): formerly known as "Peter Hoff Palace" (петерг). This palace is famous for its fountain steps leading directly to the Gulf of Finland and many cleverly designed fountains in the garden.
Auranen Baum (ораниенбаум): located at 12km west of Peter Miyagi, it is owned by Alexander Myanmar, the favorite of Peter the Great and the mayor of St. Petersburg.
Huangcun (царскоесело): now known as Pushkin City, located 25 kilometers south of St. Petersburg, contains Catherine Palace (екао). The Amber Palace in Catherine Palace was once known as "the eighth wonder of the world".
Pavlovsk (павловскийдворец): located 30 kilometers south of St. Petersburg, it was built by Scottish architect Charles.
Its affiliated garden, built by Tsar Paul I, is the largest park in Russia and is known as "one of the best gardens in the world".
Gatchena (гатчина): Located 50 kilometers south of St. Petersburg, it is the palace and military fortress of Tsar Paul I.
(таврическийдворец):) This is a gift from Catherine II to her lover potemkin.
Menshi Chikov Palace (меншиковскийдворец).
Marble Palace (мраморныйдворец).
Yusubov Palace (юсуповскийдворец): is located next to the Moika Canal and is the residence of the Yusubov family.
church
Issa Kiev Cathedral (исакиевскиироборррр): the main church of the Russian Empire and the most important church in St. Petersburg. Named after Saint Isaac of Dalmatia, the patron saint of Romanov dynasty (his celebration day is the same as Peter the Great's birthday).
Kazan Cathedral (казанскикаедрлныр) October.
Wyndell dichinson Christian Cathedral (храмспанарови) was built at the assassination site of Alexander II. Basil Blanie Church, which looks like Red Square.
Chesma Church (чесменскаяцерков1/.
Main church
Trinity Cathedral (троицкийсобор)
Samson cathedral (сампсониевскисоб)
John the Baptist Church (церковиоанапредтеч)
Alexander Nevsky Monastery (александро-невскаяла)
museum
St Petersburg has more than 200 museums, many of which are located in historical buildings. The largest museum is Tashi Museum in Elmy, which is a former palace with a large art collection. Russian Museum (русскикмузей) is a large museum dedicated to displaying Russian works of art.. The former residences of some famous people in St. Petersburg, including Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin, Dostoevsky, Nikolai andreyevich rimsky-Kosakov, Alexander Brock, Anna Akhmatova, Shu Xue and Ke, joseph brodsky, as well as some famous buildings in the southern suburbs and St. Isaac's Cathedral, are also listed in the public museum.
Kunstkamera was founded by Peter the Great in 17 14, collecting treasures from all over the world. It is sometimes regarded as the first museum in Russia, and later developed into the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnology (музеяаны). The Russian Ethnology Museum is a branch of Russian museums, which specializes in the culture of people in Russia, the former Soviet Union and the Russian Empire.
Other famous museums include the Central naval museum (военоморсконмузей). Zoology Museum (зоологическиймузей); Varshavski Railway Terminal; Leningrad Defence War Museum (музейобоныленгрее) St. Petersburg Museum of History, at And the military history museum of artillery, engineers and signalmen.
Elmy Tashi Museum (государственныймиы)
Russian museum
History Wax Museum (историческиймузейвос)
Museum of Ethnography and Anthropology (музеgантроологииэи)
Animal Museum (зоологическиймузей)
Kirov Museum (музейсергеякирова)
Leningrad Defence War Museum (музейобоныленре)
Navy Museum
park
St Petersburg has more than 200 museums, many of which are located in historical buildings. The largest museum is Tashi Museum in Elmy, which is a former palace with a large art collection. Russian Museum (русскикмузей) is a large museum dedicated to displaying Russian works of art.. The former residences of some famous people in St. Petersburg, including Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin, Dostoevsky, Nikolai andreyevich rimsky-Kosakov, Alexander Brock, Anna Akhmatova, Shu Xue and Ke, joseph brodsky, as well as some famous buildings in the southern suburbs and St. Isaac's Cathedral, are also listed in the public museum.
Kunstkamera was founded by Peter the Great in 17 14, collecting treasures from all over the world. It is sometimes regarded as the first museum in Russia, and later developed into the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnology (музеяаны). The Russian Ethnology Museum is a branch of Russian museums, which specializes in the culture of people in Russia, the former Soviet Union and the Russian Empire.
Other famous museums include the Central naval museum (военоморсконмузей). Zoology Museum (зоологическиймузей); Varshavski Railway Terminal; Leningrad Defence War Museum (музейобоныленгрее) St. Petersburg Museum of History, at And the military history museum of artillery, engineers and signalmen.
other
Peter the Great's bronze knight is a landmark of this city.
Mariinsky Theatre (маринскитеатр): Founded in 1730, it is the most famous opera and ballet in Russia.
Fort Peter Paul (петропавловскаякреп)
Admiralty
Cruiser Avril(крексераврораа): It was originally one of the main warships of the Russian imperial navy. 19 17 During the October Revolution in Russia, the cruiser Aphrodite, controlled by the revolutionary army, launched an attack on the Winter Palace, the last fortress of the czar dynasty. The capture of the Winter Palace marked the complete overthrow of the czar dynasty that ruled Russia for centuries and the complete victory of the October Revolution. As a meritorious warship of the October Revolution, the cruiser Aphrodite was fixed on the Neva River as a permanent memorial.
Smalley University (смолdныйинститут): smalley Girls' School became the command center of the revolution in the October Revolution. It is now the office of the mayor of St. Petersburg.
Pisca Liaofu Cemetery (пискарёвскоемемориал)
tourist handbook
Time: 4 hours later than Beijing time.
Monument: Pushkin City is the first choice. Look at the poet's dormitory in middle school and the piano he plays. From downtown, the driving distance is about 1.5 hours.
Transportation: Hainan Airlines has direct flights from Beijing to St. Petersburg. It takes off from Beijing Capital Airport on Wednesday and Sunday afternoon 15, Beijing time, and arrives in St. Petersburg on afternoon 19, local time, with flight number HU7965. It takes off from St. Petersburg at 2 1: 20 local time every Wednesday and Sunday, and arrives in Beijing at 9: 00 a.m. Beijing time on Thursday and Monday, with flight number HU7966.
Language: The popularity of English in St Petersburg is much higher than that in Moscow. Many taxi drivers study English seriously with English-Russian dictionaries in their hands. Relying on the general English level, you can go with confidence.
Art venues: going to the Literature Cafe for a cup of coffee and watching a ballet at the Malinka Theatre are necessary items for petty bourgeoisie MM to visit St. Petersburg.
Food Map: The most delicious is the rare salmon caviar, which has a special taste. You might as well buy some small bottles for your friend. The price is around 300 rubles, starting from RMB 100 yuan. It's also good to send a bottle or two of vodka to your boyfriend. There are three famous brands: smirnoff, Crystal and Capital. Drink vodka in one gulp, not in small sips. It is the base wine of cocktail, and "Red Mary" is blended with tomato juice. [ 1]
Editing this part of the economy
With the advancement of market economy reform, the economic structure of the Holy City has undergone significant changes, with the proportion of industry and construction declining year by year and the proportion of tertiary industry increasing. In 2002, the proportion of industry in the composition of regional GDP was only 26%, and that of construction industry was 7.5%. The commercial and catering industry reached 22%, and the transportation and communication reached 14.3%. The proportion of the tertiary industry in the holy city in the economy ranks second in Russia, second only to Moscow.
St Petersburg is the political, economic and cultural center of Russia after Moscow, and also the central city of northwest Russia, also known as the "capital of the north". There are more than 4,000 industrial enterprises, whose output value accounts for 6% of Russia's total industrial output value, and industrial products sell well all over the country. Industry is dominated by shipbuilding, power machinery and other manufacturing industries. Shipbuilding ranks first in the Commonwealth of Independent States, and can produce large-scale atomic icebreakers, as well as various vehicles, motors and weapons.
During the period of 1- 1 1 in 2002, the investment in fixed assets from various investment channels reached 165 billion rubles (an increase of 63%).
Before 2002 1 1 month, the tax and other paid-in expenses of budgets at all levels were 20.8 billion rubles (an increase of 30.3%).
The investment result of 200 1 in St. Petersburg proves that the whole economic and social field is relatively stable and the trend of economic growth is also stable. In this year, the investment in fixed assets used for national economic and social development through various financing channels was about 33 billion rubles (an increase of 27%). In terms of attracting foreign investment, it has increased by 8% compared with similar indicators in 2000, which is about 380 million US dollars. In 20001year, the Leningrad government signed 62 contracts for investment activities with a total amount of 789.7 million US dollars, of which 2 contracts were signed with foreign investors with a total amount of 7 1 million US dollars.
Edit this part of the traffic
St Petersburg is the second largest transportation hub in Russia, where 12 railway trunk lines meet. The largest seaport with an annual throughput of nearly100000 tons. This is an important international airport with 1 1 routes to more than 200 domestic cities and more than 20 countries. There are more than 200 bus lines in the city, and the total length of underground railway is nearly 100 km.
The traffic in St. Petersburg is very developed. The railway is more than 3000 kilometers long, of which 30% is electrified. The annual cargo transportation volume exceeds 654.38 billion tons. Highway 1.3 million kilometers or more. The expressway around St. Petersburg is being built.
Channel length1908km. The annual freight volume reaches150,000 tons or more. River ports include Leningrad port, Podborzh port and Sverika port. It has Podborzh Port and Verrica Port equipped with modern technology and equipment for goods processing and transportation, as well as two seaports-Vyborg Port and Vysotsk Port. In February, 2006, Russian President Vladimir Putin attended the grand foundation laying ceremony of the first phase of the Maritime Port Project. The construction of oil terminal equipment began, which is the end of the Baltic pipeline system. The annual transportation capacity of the first phase of the project is120,000 tons, and the second phase is expected to reach180,000 tons. The development of the port can further increase the cargo transportation volume to 45 million tons.
200 1 12, the construction of the coal loading and unloading station in Ustiluga Port began. According to the master plan, the annual freight volume of the port is 35 million tons. There will also be a loading and unloading station for mineral fertilizers, ores, containers and timber. During the voyage, the freighter of Northwest River Shipping Company can transport 40 million tons of various goods by water in Leningrad.
culture
Leningrad has a well-developed network of cultural institutions, including clubs and cultural palaces, free activity groups, comprehensive libraries, children's libraries, 29 museums, and many historical and cultural sites, including world-class monuments (Old Ladoga Village Museum Reserve; Castle complex in Ivangorod, Maiden Mountain; Fort Oleschek in Lourseyre; Russia's most precious wooden architectural monuments; Gatchena Palace Garden Complex, etc. ), there are more than 100 art schools and cultural schools, 6 national theaters and 3 municipal theaters. In short, Leningrad is rich in historical and cultural sites, and there are more than 3,900 sites preserved in this area, about half of which belong to urban construction sites.
St Petersburg is a famous cultural city. There are more than 50 museums in this city, which is called Museum City. The famous Russian Museum was founded in 1895. Russian ancient buildings in the city are well known and belong to1early 8th century. The main buildings are: Peter Paul Fort and Peter Paul Cathedral (the burial place of Peter the Great), Peter the Great Summer Garden on Admiralty Island and the Summer Palace in the garden. These buildings have the characteristics of early Russian baroque architecture: simplicity, grandeur and stability. /kloc-The buildings in the late 8th century include Smolny College, Winter Palace, Tavlich Palace and Ani Chikov Palace (renamed Children's Palace after the October Revolution). /kloc-The main buildings in the early 9th century include: the magnificent Kazan Cathedral, the Isak Kiev Cathedral with a height of 10 1 m, etc. Many famous Russian poets and writers, such as Pushkin, lermontov and Gorky, have lived and created here.
Brief introduction of St. Petersburg attractions
1, St. Petersburg (Russian: санктпетербург; English: Saint Petersburg is located in the northwest of Russia, on the Baltic Sea, at the mouth of neva river, between 59 ~ 60 north latitude and 29 ~ 30 east longitude. It is a municipality directly under the central government of Russia, the capital of Leningrad, the central city of northwest Russia, an important land and water transportation hub of Russia, and the northernmost city with a population of over one million in the world, also known as the "Russian Capital". St Petersburg is also the headquarters of the naval fleet of the Russian Federation.
2. St. Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia, with an area of 1439 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 606 square kilometers.
3. St. Petersburg was founded in 1703 and has a history of more than 300 years. Its name comes from St. Peter, a disciple of Jesus. Peter I moved to Petersburg in 17 12, and it has been the center of Russian culture, politics and economy for more than 200 years before 19 18. 1924 was renamed Leningrad in memory of Lenin, and199/kloc-0 was renamed St. Petersburg in. St Petersburg and the historical center constitute the UNESCO world.