(Qing) Zheng Xie

Yazhai lay listening to the novel,

Doubt is the voice of people's sufferings.

Some small officials in Caozhou County,

A branch and a leaf are always related to love.

Author information:

Zheng Xie (1693- 1765), a native of Xinghua, Jiangsu Province, was born in the thirty-second year of Qing Emperor Kangxi 1693. His father, Li Zheng 'an, is a private teacher in the county and has taught hundreds of students. Zheng Xie studied with his father since childhood, and loved to read history books and poems, and to learn and recite them. I can recite all the books I have read. When I was a teenager, I went to school in Maojiawan, Zhou Zhen. Kangxi Scholar and Yongzheng Renzi (1732) went to Nanjing to take the township test. In the first year of Qianlong, Chen Bing went to Beijing to take the does examination and won the scholar. After seven years of Qianlong, I was appointed as the county magistrate of Shandong Province. In the eleventh year of Qianlong, I was appointed as the magistrate of Shandong Province. It also builds large-scale buildings, builds pools and recruits hungry people to eat at work. That autumn, the harvest was not good, and Zheng Xie burned the people's IOUs; The people of Wei County thanked him for his kindness and built an ancestral temple for him. Zheng Xie handled civil affairs fairly, and there was not a single unjust case in 12 years. In the 13th year of Qianlong, 1748, Qianlong traveled to Shandong, named Zheng Xie as the history of calligraphy and painting, and Zheng Xie carved his own seal: the history of calligraphy and painting in Qianlong East. Zheng Xie was an honest official, but later he was dismissed because of an old illness and lived in Yangzhou. He has nothing but Liao Liao's books. His poems, books and paintings are praised as "three wonders" by the world. His poems belong to Tao Yuanming and Lu Fangweng, and his paintings belong to Dongpo, Su Like. Zheng Xie's calligraphy is a combination of running script and cursive script, which forms its own system, and later people call it "Banqiao" style. His works include Banqiao Poetry Notes, Banqiao Ci Notes, Banqiao Letters and Banqiao Style.

The meaning of this poem is: lying in the study of the yamen, listening to the rustling of bamboo leaves, I always feel that the people are telling their sufferings. In counties, like us humble officials, every little thing among the people, like every branch in the painting, always affects our feelings.

On the surface, these two poems are about bamboo, which means that our small state and county officials and the branches and leaves of bamboo outside the yamen bedroom all affect our feelings. But the actual meaning is that although I am only a small county official, the people's every move affects my feelings, which fully reflects Zheng Banqiao's concern for people's sufferings.

This poem was presented by Zheng Banqiao when he was the magistrate of Weixian County in Shandong Province in 11 or 12 years. The first sentence is "I am lying in the yamen listening to the novel", written by the author lying in the study of my yamen. Just then, I heard the breeze blowing bamboo outside the window, and my voice sobbed, giving people a very sad feeling. The second sentence is "suspected to be the voice of the people's suffering." This is the author's association with the cold sound of bamboo. The author thinks of the sufferings of ordinary people from the sound of the wind and bamboo in nature, as if it were the sobbing of ordinary people struggling in hunger and cold, which fully embodies the author's love for the people in the heart of the official position. The third sentence, "some small officials in Caozhou County", is not only about himself, but also about the people. It can be seen that all parents should be relieved of their worries. This poem broadens the connotation of poetry. The fourth sentence, "One branch and one leaf always care about love", not only takes care of Feng Zhu's paintings and poems, but also places deep feelings on them. Every bit of ordinary people is closely connected with "parents"! Zheng Banqiao's poem on painting is linked with the sufferings of people's lives through the swaying sound, which expresses the author's deep concern and sympathy for people's fate. It is really commendable that an official in the feudal era has such deep feelings for the working people.

Zheng Banqiao paid attention to the observation of nature and surrounding things and learned from nature. He wrote: "The wind is warm and the day is warm, the frozen flies touch the window paper, and the drums sound in winter and winter. At this time, a bamboo affects chaos. Isn't it a natural picture? " Where I draw bamboo, there is nothing to learn from, but more from the paper window powder wall, the sun and the moon shadow and the middle ear. "

Advocate "intention first"; He wrote an inscription on a painting: "The generals in autumn are clear, the bamboo is seen in the morning, and the smoke is exposed, all floating among the sparse branches and dense leaves. In fact, the bamboo in the chest is not the bamboo in the eye. Therefore, it is a disguised form of writing, and the bamboo in the hand is not the bamboo in the chest. In short, it is also a rule for those who are interested to write first; If you are interested in staying out of the law, you will become a machine. You can draw clouds by yourself! "

The teaching goal of the teaching design of Zhu Mo Poetry and Painting is 1, to cultivate students' aesthetic interest. 2. Improve students' reading ability. 3. Understand the author's thoughts and spirit and his love for the people ... Teaching focus: Understand the poetry of this pictographic poem by repeatedly reading the poem and enjoying the picture. Teaching difficulty: Read this poem repeatedly. Experience the author's love for the people. Teaching methods: research on experiential innovative teaching methods. Teaching hours: 1 class hour. Teaching process: First, introduce new lessons: pine, bamboo and plum were born in the cold of the year and are admired by people. They are called "Three Friends in Cold Years" in the traditional culture of China, and are highly respected by scholars. There is an ancient poem that says, "Poetry can be beautifully painted, and painting can be integrated with poetry." Poetry with pictures is a wonderful flower in the field of poetry. Today, let's feel the poetry expressed by Zheng Banqiao in Zhu Mo's Poems with Paintings. Second, autonomous learning: 1, learning new words: Ya(yá)zhāI(zhāI)Xie(Xiè). Ideas. Relief: to help people in disaster areas or people with difficulties in life with money or material. Disaster relief: help the victims. Stand still: look tall and independent. 3. Exchange of information: ① Author's brief introduction: Zheng Xie (1693- 1765), name Kerou, No. Banqiao, Kangxi should be a scholar, and Yongzheng was promoted for ten years. Ask for illness. "Before and after I became an official, I made a living by painting and calligraphy. I am good at drawing orchids, bamboos, stones, pines, chrysanthemums and so on. And painting bamboo has made the most outstanding achievements for more than 50 years. My figure is sparse and elegant, and my style is strong. * * Poetry and painting are a whole, expressing the author's thoughts and integrity. * Zhu Mo: Bamboo painted in ink alone. Learn the second paragraph of Appreciation of Poetry and Painting (1) and read it aloud. (2) Analyze the content. The background, reason and ending of Zheng Banqiao's poem show that he is a good official who cares about people's sufferings. When he took office in Shandong, Shandong was suffering from disasters and there were countless hungry people. As a sympathetic county official, he runs for the people all day and works hard all day. The wind scattered the bamboo and made a rustling sound. He immediately thought of people's complaints about hunger and cold, so he began to draw with paper and wrote this article. ) Learn the poem "Poems on Zhu Mo's Paintings", understand it carefully, learn the third paragraph of "Appreciation of Poetry and Painting", and perceive poetry. The bamboo poles in the picture are very thin, and the leaves are not many colors, but they are dense and green. Different from others. Sentiment poem: This poem uses the symbolic technique based on "bamboo" to express the poet's mind of being indifferent to fame and fortune, taking the relief of people's sufferings as his duty, and the spirit of "I will stand when the wind and rain come". Iv. cooperative inquiry: 1. Please tell the students your favorite poem and explain the reasons. The second sentence is empty, and the sentence 1 is the basis of the second sentence. 3. How to understand the sentence "One branch and one leaf is always related to love" (it seems that it is written about bamboo, but it is actually written about people. The poet's love for the people is amazing. The author uses bamboo as a metaphor for people, which is novel and eccentric, and writes about a scholar with a strong character. Looking back and reflecting, it is concluded that the full text of Bamboo symbolizes the spirit of "integrity" and the poet's "doing whatever he wants". 6. Outward bound training: 1, organize students to exchange collected poems, paintings and calligraphy about bamboo. Second, praise bamboo in your favorite way.

Mix: The swaying sound of bamboo leaves. Some are small: small. Guan Qing: Touching feelings. Official residence: the residence of official Yan. I: we. Cao: First generation. A branch and a leaf: every move.

One cold night, I was lying in the study of the county government and heard the rustling of bamboo leaves in the wind. I immediately thought that this was the complaint of people who were hungry and cold. Although we are only small state and county officials, the people's every move affects our feelings. [ 1]