Lantian Academy was founded by Gutian in Southern Tang Dynasty (about 955), which was the beginning of private school education. In the second year of Song Jingde (1005), the government-run county school was initially established. In the third year of Qingyuan (1 197), Zhu took refuge in Gutian, giving lectures in urban and rural academies, and respecting Confucianism and studying became increasingly popular. In the Song Dynasty, 16 1 person took the exam. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 5 private sociology schools and 20 academies, and private schools were more common. Abolishing imperial examinations and promoting schools in the late Qing Dynasty. Since the 13th year of Guangxu (1887), the British and American churches have successively established six missionary schools in Gutian, and since the 27th year of Guangxu, the county government and local people have successively established four secondary primary schools. In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), there were 10 secondary primary schools with more than 600 students. During this period, preschool education, special education, professional and vocational and technical education started one after another. In the early years of the Republic of China, a new academic system was implemented, and primary schools were generally established in towns and villages. The original six missionary schools developed into junior middle schools with primary schools. In the fifteenth year of the Republic of China (1926), a county middle school was established, and in the eighteenth year of the Republic of China, a special education class for the deaf-mute was set up, making it the first deaf-mute school in the province. 1936, overseas Chinese and local people raised funds to establish Yutian Middle School. On the eve of liberation, there were 1 high schools, 4 junior high schools and10/primary schools in the county. There are 224 primary and secondary school teachers and 5,005 primary and secondary school students, with an average of 2.7 million/10,000. More than 30 people have studied in the United States, Japan and other countries and obtained master's degrees or above.

At the beginning of liberation, the county people's government took over the original public, private and missionary schools, reorganized them and renamed them. And set up winter classes and amateur cultural schools for cadres and workers. Due to the implementation of the policy of "opening the door to workers and peasants", a large number of children of workers and peasants have enrolled in school. 1953, expand the original school scale, establish a number of primary schools, establish primary school counseling areas, and change the management system. 1958, Gutian moved the capital, readjusted and rearranged the middle school. By the summer of 1966, there were 6 middle schools and 664 primary schools in the county. Primary and secondary school teachers 1638, primary and secondary school students 47945, with an average of 1957/10,000. At the same time, we have vigorously developed amateur education for workers and peasants and achieved remarkable results in literacy. Gutian Xiufeng Township became the first township in the province to basically eliminate illiteracy.

During the Cultural Revolution, middle schools were once closed. 1969 after the resumption of classes, the academic system was shortened to four years. The teaching order in primary schools was disrupted. Workers and poor middle peasants set up schools, and carry out "fighting, approving, reforming" and "opening schools", emphasizing labor and neglecting cultural knowledge. The quality of education has declined. After 1977, especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, Gutian education brought order out of chaos and made remarkable progress. 1In March, 985, Gutian County obtained the certificate of universal primary education. 1986 the state education commission awarded Yan Rui the title of advanced collective in the national education system of primary schools. 1986 65438+ 10, Ningde district administrative office sent personnel to check and accept, confirming Gutian as a county to eliminate illiteracy. All primary and secondary schools are committed to teaching reform and strive to cultivate new people with "four haves", and the quality of education has been significantly improved. By 1990, there are 6 complete middle schools, 4 junior middle schools 14, 280 complete primary schools and 407 junior primary schools in the county. There are 3,649 primary and secondary school teachers and 60,965 primary and secondary school students, with an average of 1.5 1.9/10,000. The enrollment rate of children in the county reached 47.84%. From 1977 to1990,2790 middle school graduates were admitted to colleges and universities, and 3766 were admitted to secondary schools, totaling 6556.

In 20 14, three secondary vocational schools enrolled 450 students, including 785 students, 402 graduates and 99 full-time teachers. Two special education schools have * * * students 18, students 197, graduates 165438 and 60 full-time teachers; 25 ordinary middle schools * * * enrolled 4324 students, with students 13655, graduates 4947 and full-time teachers 1662; 38 primary schools (35 teaching points) have 364 students1person, 3065438 graduates+0 1 person; 49 kindergartens * * * enrolled 4053 students, with students 102 14, 3858 graduates and 504 full-time teachers. The enrollment rate of school-age children is 96.02%; The junior high school enrollment rate is 97.9%. During the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, the ancestors were able to make pottery with stone axes and spears. Mushrooms were planted in the Sui Dynasty. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the industries of distiller's yeast brewing, ironmaking, paper making and construction flourished, and many skilled craftsmen appeared. Huimin Pharmacy and Leprosy Hospital were established in Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, textile, noodle drying, tofu and other industries rose, and mulberry planting and sericulture were promoted. In Qing dynasty, with the establishment of telegraph office, the introduction of western medicine, the development of Chinese medicine and the appearance of famous doctors, printing, carving and umbrella making started. During the Republic of China, industries such as electric power, weighing instruments, bamboo weaving, shoemaking, tailoring and cakes were developed, and printing and ironware industries were more developed. 1990, there were 5 public scientific and technological institutions, 23 private scientific and technological institutions, 65,438 natural science and technology professionals and 3,308 mass scientific and technological personnel in the county, and 73 scientific and technological achievement awards were won at all levels, including 36 awards above the provincial level.

20 14 relies on the institute of fungi of agriculture and forestry university (Gutian) to tackle key problems in 20 major national scientific research projects, such as "national natural fund for young people" and "doctoral program fund project of the Ministry of Education", and popularize five "five new" technologies. Advanced technologies such as autoclaving, automatic mixing and bagging are widely used. Organize to declare 3 national innovation fund projects; Declare 4 provincial science and technology projects; Declare 5 municipal science and technology projects. Successfully established national innovation projects 1 project, 2 provincial-level science and technology projects and 4 municipal-level projects, and * * * obtained project support funds of 2.05 million yuan from higher-level science and technology departments. Collect more than 20 county-level scientific and technological projects such as edible fungi, tea, fruits, new technologies of energy conservation and environmental protection. There were 9/kloc-0 patent applications, including 25 inventions, 32 utility models and 34 designs. 42 items were authorized, including 5 inventions, 23 utility models and 4 designs/kloc-0. Since the county was founded in the Tang Dynasty, folk culture began to rise. From the Five Dynasties to the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were many writings by scholars, including famous writers. Song Lin's application of Neo-Confucianism, Zhang Yining's poems in Ming Dynasty and Ceng Guang's calligraphy in Qing Dynasty are all famous. During the Republic of China, there was a chorus activity of poetry clubs and a county public education museum was established. Under the influence of the May 4th New Culture Movement, modern literary and artistic creation rose. In the 1940s, Du Fu, a poet with nine leaves, enjoyed a high reputation in China.

At the end of 20 14, there were 5 cultural performance groups, cinemas 1, public libraries 1, mass cultural centers 1, museums 1, and 38 cultural relics protection units at or above the county level. Held more than 22 literary performances and exhibitions, such as "Cultural and Sports Activities Entering the Community to Welcome the Spring Festival" series activities, "Celebrating May 1 Party", Lu Jie Oil Painting Exhibition, Huang Zuhu Painting and Calligraphy Seal Carving Exhibition, and Integrity Painting and Calligraphy Photography Exhibition. County Min Opera Art Center has created three new dramas, such as "The Picture of a Lady" and "Song of Love", and organized nearly 300 performances. The Youth Art Center held 25 training sessions throughout the year, with more than 1400 trainees. Organize county cultural centers, libraries and Fujian Opera Art Center to carry out art poverty alleviation in five rural primary schools such as Xiayang and Luohua, send books to the countryside in towns and villages such as Feng Pu, and send operas to the countryside in Yang Shan and Shuikou. In the whole year, more than 7 1350 books and 76,330 books were borrowed.

At the end of 20 14, there were 3 sets of radio programs at the county level, with a comprehensive coverage rate of 98%. County-level TV stations 1 TV program, with 66 TV programs, and the comprehensive coverage rate of TV population is 98%. There are 565,438+cable TV users, including 33,000 cable digital TV users. Gutian county has a long history of traditional Chinese medicine. Huimin pharmacy was established at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and medical training personnel were set up at the beginning of Ming Dynasty. Medical treatment depends entirely on Chinese medicine sitting in the classroom or mobile medical treatment. There have been famous doctors throughout the ages. Folk heavy herbs treat common diseases. In the 17th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (189 1), western medicine was introduced and Yiguang foreign clinic was established. During the Republic of China, western medicine gradually developed. The main medical and health care units are Li Huai Hospital, County Health Center, Leprosy Sanatorium and 36 private clinics. There are nearly 70 medical staff in the county, including 3 1 person of western medicine. On average, there are only 4. 1 medical staff per 10,000 people. Medical equipment is poor, and there is a lack of doctors and medicines in rural areas. Infectious diseases such as plague, cholera, smallpox and malaria and endemic diseases such as filariasis and goiter are very harmful. After liberation, we developed western medicine, carried forward the tradition of Chinese medicine, and advocated the combination of Chinese and western medicine. In the early 1950s, there were 332 medical staff with beds 145. 1958 establish a three-level medical and health network for counties, communes and brigades, and establish a county patriotic health campaign committee. Through several years of continuous pest control, infectious diseases and endemic diseases, infectious diseases such as plague, smallpox and cholera have been eliminated successively. In the 1960s, health centers and stations in communes and brigades were improved, Chinese medicine practitioners were trained, and the team of western medicine was enriched. By 1966, there were 577 medical staff and 375 beds in the county. In 1970s, 202 cooperative medical stations were established and 465,438+05 barefoot doctors were trained. Eliminate filariasis. By 1990, leprosy was basically eliminated in the county. There are 9 county-level medical and health units, 4 township (town) health centers 14, 3 village health centers15, and 58 clinics approved for individual practice. Each hospital has 268 kinds of large-scale medical equipment, including health technicians118 people and 6 beds16, with an average of 27.95 per 10,000 people and 5.4 beds/kloc-0.

In 20 14, there were 26 medical and health institutions in the county health system, including 9 at the county level, 1 hospital for employees of provincial enterprises and 0 hospital for private enterprises. 12 township hospitals; 3 community health service centers. Xx years medical and health institutions 1448 people, including 302 practicing doctors, 65 practicing assistant doctors and 532 registered nurses. Number of beds in medical and health institutions at the end of the year 13 13. In 20 12, 58 private practical projects and 10 county-level private practical projects in Gutian county, Fujian province were fully completed. 5,588 rural laborers were transferred, 3,652 new jobs were created in cities and towns, and the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns was controlled at 2.04%. The rural minimum living standard was raised from 1.200 yuan to 1.800 yuan, the participation rate of the new rural cooperative medical system reached 99.9%, and the new social endowment insurance for rural and urban residents achieved full coverage, with the participation rates reaching 9 1.6% and 65% respectively. The endowment insurance for landless farmers should be paid in full. Three new rural homes for the aged, 12 "Five Guarantees Happiness Garden" and six community home care service stations will be built. Construction of 428 sets of various types of affordable housing started. Once again won the title of provincial health county in Fujian Province.

At the beginning of 20 12, Gutian county was identified as one of the 23 key poverty alleviation and development counties in Fujian province by the Fujian provincial party Committee and government. Gutian county has implemented the first batch of poverty alleviation projects, including 53 projects in 19 category, with a total investment of 3.53 billion yuan. There are 4 completed or completed projects, 33 started projects, and 6 projects 16 were carried out in the early stage, and the subsidy funds from higher authorities were10.20 billion yuan.

In 20 14, 2 160 residents in the county were included in the urban minimum living allowance; There are 14740 residents included in the rural subsistence allowances. The annual urban subsistence allowance is 6 1 1.83 million yuan; Rural subsistence allowance 1.882654, 38+0.800 yuan; Payment of urban and rural low-income electricity subsidies of 7 1.58 million yuan; Living allowance for severely disabled people 139.8 1 ten thousand yuan, subsidy 3 16 1. 6,646 person-times of urban and rural medical assistance were 5,787,900 yuan; Vagrants and beggars helped 483 people, with a relief fund of 89,800 yuan; 307 households were temporarily rescued, and the rescue fund was 12438+0 million yuan.

At the end of the year, there were 12 social welfare adoption units in the county, with 534 beds and 194 adoptions. Gutian folk traditional sports mainly include martial arts, dragon boat, dragon dance, lion dance, qigong and chess. During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty (742 ~ 755), monks in some monasteries practiced martial arts day and night. In the Song Dynasty, martial arts became more and more popular. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the dragon boat races in Old Town, Gukou, Shuikou and Pinghu began to take shape. Dragon and lion dances are important activities during the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival and festivals. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, modern sports such as dragon pile boxing, gymnastics, track and field and ball games were introduced to Gutian, and the school set up special courses and carried out sports activities in physical education class. In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), the county established the sports department to hold the first sports meeting. In 29, the county gymnasium was established and various sports activities were organized. 1952 held the first staff sports meeting in the county. During the period of 1954, recess exercises (including broadcast exercises, production exercises and 18th exercises) were widely carried out in the county. Since then, rural militia camps and league branches have used their leisure time to organize ball games, track and field, shooting and other activities, and middle schools and some rural areas have also implemented the "labor hygiene system." County Sports Commission was established on 1956. 1962 county children's amateur sports school was established. More than 30 amateur basketball teams have been organized in urban and rural areas. 1972 county junior sports school offers training courses such as swimming, shooting, gymnastics and table tennis. By 1990, there are 8 sports associations and 282 grass-roots branches in the county. Held county sports meeting 6 times, workers' sports meeting 7 times, farmers' sports meeting 5 times, primary and secondary school sports meeting 14 times, deaf-mute sports meeting 2 times, elderly sports meeting 1 time; It has trained 18 athletes for the national and provincial teams, won 16 world and Asian regional championships, won 2 1 national gold, silver and bronze medals, and won 343 provincial championships. That year, Gutian County was awarded the title of "National Advanced Sports County".

In 20 14, 1 players were walked to provincial sports teams, 2 players were walked to provincial sports schools and 5 players were walked to municipal sports schools. Organized and participated in the Ningde Children's Weightlifting Championship, and won the second place in the men's team and the fourth place in the women's team; Participated in the Fujian Children's Swimming Championships and the 15th Provincial Games trials, and all 22 athletes were shortlisted for the finals of the Provincial Games; He won 2 gold, 6 silver and 5 bronze in the gymnastics competition of the 15th Provincial Games, and Xie won the first place in men's individual pommel horse, the second place in rings and the second place in floor exercise. Gutian athlete Weng won the gold medal in the windsurfing competition of the Asian Games and the Asian Beach Games.