8.2. 1 Indoor fire hydrant system shall be installed in the following buildings or places:
1. Factories and warehouses with a building area of over 300 \u;
2. High-rise public buildings and residential buildings with a building height greater than 2 1m;
Note: When it is really difficult to install indoor fire hydrant system in residential buildings with building height less than 27m, only dry fire standpipe and indoor fire hydrant without DN65 in fire hydrant box can be installed.
Single-storey and multi-storey buildings such as terminal buildings (ships and planes), exhibition buildings, shops, hotels, medical buildings and library buildings with a height of more than 3.5000m;
Single-storey and multi-storey buildings with more than 4,800 super-class and first-class theaters, theaters and cinemas of other grades, and auditoriums and gymnasiums with more than 0/200 seats/kloc;
5. Single-storey and multi-storey civil buildings such as office buildings and teaching buildings with a building height greater than 15m or a volume greater than 10000m.
8.2.2 Buildings or places not specified in Article 8.2. 1 of this specification and the following buildings or places that meet the provisions of Article 8.2. 1 of this specification may not be equipped with indoor fire hydrant system, but fire hose reels or mobile fire hoses shall be installed:
1. Single-storey and multi-storey buildings (warehouses) with fire resistance grade I and II and less combustible materials.
2. Class-D workshop with fire resistance rating of Grade III and IV and building volume not exceeding 3000m; Class E workshop (warehouse) with fire resistance rating of Grade III and IV and building volume not exceeding 5000m.
3. Grain warehouses, vaults and unattended independent buildings far away from towns.
4. Buildings containing articles that may cause combustion and explosion when exposed to water.
5. There are no production and domestic water supply pipes indoors, and outdoor fire water is taken from storage tanks, and the building volume is not more than 5000m.
8.2.3 Indoor fire hydrant system should be set for key brick-wood ancient buildings of national cultural relics protection units.
8.2.4 Mobile fire hoses shall be equipped in crowded public buildings, buildings with a building height greater than 100m and high-rise residential buildings with a building area greater than 200.
Location analysis of indoor fire hydrant
Indoor fire hydrant is the basic fire fighting facility for fire fighting and rescue. There are several principles for the layout of indoor fire hydrants. One is to ensure that two water guns can reach any part of the room at the same time when a fire breaks out; The second is to control the distance between fire hydrants; Third, it should be arranged according to the requirements of fire zone.
1, the basic requirements for the number of fire hydrants.
"Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" has such clear requirements for indoor fire hydrants, namely: firstly, fire hydrants should be installed on all floors of the building for fire water supply except floors without combustible materials; Second, the layout of indoor fire hydrants needs to ensure that there are two water guns that can fight any part of the room at the same time. When setting indoor fire hydrants, fire hydrants should also be arranged according to different fire zones. When there are two or more fire zones on a floor, there are fire doors between the fire zones. In case of fire, the fire doors will be closed. If there are no two water guns for indoor fire hydrants, the fire hydrants in the fire protection zone are threatened by fire, so it is difficult to use them normally, and the fire point may lose the best extinguishing time because it is not effectively controlled, thus leading to a bigger fire. Therefore, when designing indoor fire hydrants, except for some special circumstances such as civil air defense engineering, it is basically necessary to ensure that every point in the building is protected by two fire hydrants.
2. Setting of fire hydrant for smoke-proof stairs
In case of fire, the fire doors of smoke-proof stairs will be closed to block smoke and protect evacuation, so they are closed. Fire hydrants are located in smoke-proof stairwells. In case of fire, the fire hose needs to pass through the fire door to put out the fire in the protected area. Once the fire door is opened, the smoke-proof staircase will be full of smoke and dust, losing its original function. Therefore, it is not appropriate to set fire hydrants at smoke-proof stairs, but should be located in protected areas to ensure the safety of fire fighting and fire fighting.
3, residential fire hydrant settings
Residential fire hydrants are usually located at the rest platform of stairwells, and fire risers can be located inside and outside the platform. Because the rest platform has a beam at the height of the standard floor, the fire box cannot be hidden. When arranging, the width of the rest platform should be increased to facilitate walking. This method should be adopted in residential buildings. If the rest platform is cantilevered, brick walls should be set on both sides, and fire hydrants should be hidden.
It is not excluded that the fire hydrant is located on the entrance platform and the fire box is hidden in the wall. The fire riser is located at the entrance platform, and the toilet can also be used. The wall is mostly connected with the hall, and now the floor of the household hall is mostly wood, and the fire box is hidden in the wall. In use, the fire hydrant can't be opened to get water, which easily leads to water leakage and mildew in the room. At present, there are many warehouses, commercial outlets and parking lots on the ground floor of the house. It is best to set fire hydrants in residential buildings with fire hydrant water supply systems. At the same time, the security door on the ground floor of the house should be considered, and the number of fire hydrants on the half platform of the stairwell should not be included in the ground floor room. For the parking lot, the model of fire hydrant should be DN65, so as to ensure that the flow of water gun is above 5L/s. ..
4, the fire hydrant in the front room of the fire elevator should not be included in the total number of indoor fire hydrants.
According to the code, indoor fire hydrants should be installed in the front room of fire elevator, but there are different opinions on whether to include the total number of fire hydrants. From the actual situation, the fire hydrants in the front room of the fire elevator should not be included in the total number of indoor fire hydrants. Fire hydrant uses the fire hydrant in the front room of the fire elevator to get through the fire attack road, and then uses the nearest fire hydrant. Leading to the room is a Class B fire door. When the hose passes through this door, it will cause the fire door to fail to close normally and lose its original function. Therefore, the fire hydrants in the front room of the fire elevator should not be included in the total number of indoor fire hydrants.
5, indoor fire hydrant setting consider fire partition.
Conceptually speaking, fire zone refers to a zone with strong fire resistance in order to control fire and reduce fire losses. It has a certain effect on preventing the fire from spreading. Therefore, the fire partition should not be destroyed artificially, and indoor fire hydrants other than the fire partition should be used to cross the fire partition to extinguish the fire in another adjacent fire partition. The arrangement of indoor fire hydrants should be independent of the fire zone.
6. The setting of fire hydrants should be considered in a wide range.
Every floor of the building needs fire hydrants to provide fire water except the floors without combustible materials. For special buildings, if some buildings have two or more floors locally, and there is no fire barrier between the two floors, it belongs to fire zone. At this point, indoor fire hydrants should be set on each floor. If the area of the local second floor is small and the water column of the lower fire hydrant can reach any part of the second floor, there is no fire hydrant on the local second floor. The convenience of access, operation and coordination should be fully considered in the setting of indoor fire hydrants, and the layout should be based on the actual situation, with both a wide range and a center of gravity.
7. Layout of fire hydrants on the roof
Fire hydrants need to be arranged on the roof. Judging from the actual situation of some design projects, some roofs are equipped with heat exchange stations, control rooms, laboratories and boiler rooms. Therefore, it is difficult for a fire hydrant to have a comprehensive effect. For high-rise buildings, it is necessary to ensure that the water columns of two water guns can reach any area at the same time when setting fire hydrants.
8, fire hydrant row number Settings
Because of the different sizes of buildings, there are differences between single-row and multi-row indoor fire hydrants. Generally speaking, there are two ways to arrange the number of indoor fire hydrants. One is geometric drawing, which centers on an indoor fire hydrant in the public part of the building and rounds off its protection range, so that every area of the building is under the protection of one or two indoor fire hydrants. The advantage of this method is rigorous, but the disadvantage is cumbersome, which increases the difficulty of design and audit. Secondly, based on experience, when the building width is greater than the protection range of indoor fire hydrants, two or more rows of indoor fire hydrants should be set, and the number of rows should be considered through design experience. The advantage of this method is that it is more convenient to design, but sometimes it will produce a position that is difficult for fire hydrants to reach, that is, a dead corner.
9. fire hydrant box location setting.
Fire hydrant box is the terminal of fire fighting system, in which fire hydrant, fire hose and fire monitor are all located, and its location setting is a problem worth studying. The fire hydrants in the building are mainly located in the obviously easy-to-use positions such as stairs and walkways, and their spacing needs to be calculated, and should not be higher than the requirements of relevant fire protection design codes. There are many concealed fire hydrants in the house, some of which are semi-concealed. The traffic space in the stairwell is not affected by fire hydrant box, and the appearance is beautiful. Fire riser is mainly set in the internal corner of stairwell and pipeline well. What needs to be considered is not to occupy the user's internal area. From the actual situation, it is not easy to find a location that is both beautiful and does not affect the pipeline dredging. Sometimes, fire hydrant box is installed between doors, and the crib is 240mm, so it is more convenient to install riser in the corner. For one staircase with two households, this approach can be considered, but if one staircase has more households, it should be positioned according to the actual situation. If fire hydrant box is located in the middle platform of stairs, it will have a certain effect in appearance, but it needs to be discussed with structural designers during design. This is because the position of fire hydrant box just passes through the floor ring beam, and the structural design needs to be adjusted accordingly. From a scientific point of view, if this arrangement is adopted, the fire hose will have a certain impact on the evacuation of people, and this method should be carefully considered.