In this novel, Austin shows the different attitudes of girls from middle-class families in villages and towns to marriage and love through the different treatment of Bennett's five daughters to lifelong events, which reflects the author's own view on marriage: it is wrong to marry for property, money and status; It is also foolish to get married without considering the above factors. So she is not only against getting married for money, but also against taking marriage as a joke. She emphasizes the importance of an ideal marriage and regards the feelings of both men and women as the cornerstone of an ideal marriage. Elizabeth, the heroine in the book, comes from a small landlord family and is loved by Darcy, the son of a rich man. Despite the gap between family status and wealth, Darcy proposed to her, but she refused. Elizabeth's misunderstanding and prejudice against him is one reason, but the most important thing is that she hates his arrogance. Because Darcy's arrogance is actually a reflection of the status difference, as long as there is such arrogance, he and Elizabeth can't have the same thoughts and feelings and ideal marriage. Later, Elizabeth observed Darcy's behavior and a series of actions with her own eyes, especially seeing that he changed his arrogant attitude in the past and eliminated his misunderstanding and prejudice, thus concluding a happy marriage with him. Elizabeth's different attitudes towards Darcy's several marriage proposals actually reflect women's pursuit of personality independence and equal rights. This is the progressive significance of Elizabeth's image.
From an early age, Elizabeth is smart, resourceful, brave, far-sighted, self-respecting and good at thinking. As far as a young lady waiting for the word at that time is concerned, this is commendable. It is precisely because of this quality that she has an opinion on love and has a happy family with Darcy.
In Pride and Prejudice, Austin also wrote about the marriages of several sisters and girlfriends of Elizabeth, as a foil, in contrast to the heroine's ideal marriage. For example, although Charlotte and Collins lived a comfortable material life after marriage, there was no love between them. This kind of marriage is actually a social tragedy hidden under the gorgeous coat.
Although the theme of Austen's novels is relatively narrow and the stories are quite plain, she is good at creating vivid characters in everyday ordinary things, whether Elizabeth and Darcy, whom the author thinks worthy of recognition, or Wickham and Collins, who are satirized, are real and touching. At the same time, Austin's language is tempered. She pays attention to humor and satire in the art of dialogue, and often uses humorous language to set off the personality characteristics of characters. This artistic innovation makes her works unique.
Grandet's original name
Grandet-Although the story of Eugenie Grandet is the core of this book, Grandet Law is undoubtedly the most distinctive figure among them. Greed and meanness are his main characteristics.
In the eyes of old Grandet, money is above everything else. Without money, everything is over. His thirst for money and possessiveness almost reached a morbid level: he locked himself in a secret room in the middle of the night, "caressing, caressing and appreciating his gold coins, putting them in a bucket and tying them tightly." Before he died, he asked his daughter to spread gold coins on the table and stare at them for a long time so that he could feel warm.
Greed for money makes old Grandet a real miser: although he is rich, he still lives in a dark and shabby old house and personally distributes his family's food and candles every day.
Greed and meanness make old Grandet a slave to money and become ruthless. By hook or by crook, he even lost people's basic feelings, ignoring the love between father and daughter and the love between husband and wife: after learning that his daughter had given all her savings to Charles, he flew into a rage and put her under house arrest. "There is no fire to keep warm. He only lives on bread and water." When his wife was seriously ill, his first thought was that it would cost money to get a doctor. It was only when he heard that his daughter had the right to share the inheritance with his wife after her death that he immediately changed his attitude and made peace with her.
Greed and meanness are accompanied by the cunning and intrigue of old Grandet. He calculated every transaction carefully, which always made him profit in business and speculation. In addition, often pretending to stutter and play dumb is an effective weapon for him to deceive his opponents.
Old Grandet's greed and meanness made him amass a lot of wealth, but he lost his human touch, alienated into a "python" that only devoured gold coins, and brought heavy pain to his family and daughter.
Old Grandet is one of Balzac's most successful miser images and has become a classic figure in French literature and even in the history of world literature.
Eugénie Eugénie is the kindest and purest character in this novel, and the whole novel revolves around her tragic life. Her virtue is gradually revealed in the painful life and in the comparison with old Grandet, Charles, De Bonbon and others. The more hardships she encountered in her life, the more hypocrisy and ugliness of other characters around her became prominent, and her kindness, tolerance and love became more obvious.
The overbearing and stingy old priest Grandet gave Eugénie a "bleak and bleak childhood" and ruined her youth. For her, the only hope in life is the expected love. For the sake of love, she did not hesitate to take out all her savings and support her lover Charles to make a living overseas; For love, she bravely resisted her father and did not yield to his arrogance. For love, she waited for many years, thinking and caring about lovers thousands of miles away all day.
However, selfless love is exchanged for ruthless abandonment. Charlie made a fortune overseas. He was greedy for fame and fortune, abandoned Eugénie and wanted to marry the daughter of a noble. Eugénie, who suffered a huge blow, suffered alone and returned good for evil, still treated Charles with tolerance and paid off his father's debt for Charles with a huge sum of money, thus completing his marriage with a noble lady. Eugénie's love is pure and noble.
When people around Eugénie fell into the magic swamp of money and were willing to be swallowed up by it, his attitude towards money was unique and detached. Although her wealth is increasing, money is neither strength nor comfort to her. "She doesn't care about gold at all, but yearns for heaven, lives a pious and loving life and has only some sacred ideas, constantly secretly helping the suffering people." Devotion to religion made her transcend personal pain and treat the world with compassion. She began to do charity with money and lived a frugal and simple life.
Balzac created Eugénie with sympathy and praise, which made people see a glimmer of light in this dark world covered by money. At the same time, they can't help but feel sorry for her fate as an innocent victim.
Charles-Charles's character has a process of development and change. In this process, he gradually changed from a playboy in Paris to an unscrupulous adventurer and careerist.
When Charles appeared in the novel, he was still a young man who was only 2 1 year old. Because of his rich family and his parents' love, he has developed a vanity and pleasure-seeking character, but he is not bad at this time. After hearing the news of his father's death, his sadness was real. Cousin Eugénie's concern, care and love made him feel the sanctity and purity of love. It can be said that if he had been with Eugénie, he would not have fallen.
Charles' overseas business trip was a turning point in his life. With the change of living environment, Charles' original moral standards and values gradually developed, and the selfish seeds planted at an early age began to sprout, making him gradually become a shameless predator and usurer, bent on making a fortune, and did not hesitate to take various measures to do so. Charlie's depravity developed to the extreme of treachery, abandoning his feelings with Eugénie and pursuing a noble daughter, so as to realize his ambition of pursuing fame and fortune and climbing up.
Charles' fall is the product of the influence of the whole social environment, which shows that money has penetrated into all fields of social life at that time, including interpersonal relationships and emotional fields.
Mrs. Grandet-this is a figure worthy of sympathy. Mrs. Grandet is kind-hearted, timid and leads a very simple life. As a devout Catholic, she is obedient to her husband and never resists. In fact, this resigned attitude not only contributed to Grandet's despotism and meanness, but also brought pain to himself and his daughter Eugénie. In the real world, Mrs. Grandet put all the hopes of the armed forces on an illusory paradise.
Eugénie's suitor, President De Bonfeng, is ugly but self-righteous. Strive for Eugénie, the purpose is to let her get millions. The cunning and stingy Eugénie always gets a bunch of flowers as a gift. Although she achieved the goal of marrying Eugénie, she eventually died young and failed to possess her property, which ended in a ridiculous and sad ending.
Nanan, the maid of Grandet family, is hardworking, loyal to her master, kind-hearted, simple and compassionate, but simple and ignorant.
Father Luo Xu, the uncle of Krooks Party leader De Bangfeng, is a sly old fox, scheming and greedy for money. Dealing with people often goes against the duties of a priest.
Luo Xu, a notary public, is the brother of Father Luo Xu, who played an important role in the pursuit of Eugénie by De Bonfeng. He is Grandet's accomplice in usury, as wily as his brother.
De Gracin is a banker in Sommer City. He is employed by Grandet to manage financial services such as bonds for him. This man is simple-minded, vain and enjoyable.
Miser's religious belief
Balzac's miser Grandet left his last words to his daughter Eugénie: "Cherish everything! Come over there and pay my bill. " Grandet's "over there" undoubtedly refers to the religious world-heaven. Is it "heaven" and "giving", a devout Christian or a miser who loves money?
Generally speaking, a devout Christian can imprison secular desires in the world for the sake of "almighty" God and transcend the "heaven" on earth, even at the expense of martyrdom. However, there is no trace of religious belief in Grandet. On the contrary, we can see that the greedy desire for gold is burning all over the body. When Grandet tried to pry into the gold plate on the expensive dressing box kept by his nephew Charlie Tuo Eugénie, her gentle and quiet daughter knelt down and begged him, "For the sake of the Virgin Mary, for the sake of Christ on the cross, for the sake of all the holy spirits, for the sake of your soul's salvation." ..... "Eugénie fantasy with religious teachings to impress his father, let his father look at his mother's face, you can understand his daughter's feelings for this token. However, Grandet was indifferent to his daughter's plea, and the temptation of gold made him unable to help showing his absolutely ruthless gaffes to his wife and daughter. Grandet is a religious man, but what is the binding force of religious teachings on him? Can't you see the clue from here?
Therefore, when Grandet was on the verge of death, "the priest put the gilded cross to his lips and kissed him like Christ, but he made a terrible gesture and held it in his hand." This move is incomprehensible to others, and it is not surprising that it came from Grande. Because he had no interest in religious teachings, even when he was dying, Grandet's greed and persistence in gold did not diminish, so when the priest showed the "gold-plated cross", "those eyes that seemed to have been dead for hours immediately came to life", and then he wanted to rob-leave the gold and die unsatisfied! Gold is his most realistic god and the sustenance of all his beliefs.
Grantaire is not religious, but because of his greed for money, he naturally hopes to have a world beyond the world to accept him after his death. There, he can continue to possess Huang Cancan's dazzling gold, and even continue to grab it by hook or by crook. As long as we understand the nature of Grandet's miser, we will not be confused by his religious blasphemy and the contradiction of "last words". At this time, the "heaven" preached by Christianity was just in line with Grandet's mind. Therefore, although he is unwilling to make sacrifices and repent for his teachings, he hopes that the religious "kingdom of heaven" does exist. In other words, in Grandet's view, religion exists because of his needs.
After all, in the eyes of this greedy miser, religion is insignificant and nominal; Gold is very important, very important. Grandet despises religion, but he is sure of the "kingdom of heaven" preached by religion. This seemingly contradictory, but in fact unified abnormal psychology, let us not only see Grandet's desperate miser soul, but also see Grandet's hypocrisy-the existence of religion is just for his existence.
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